Factors of personality formation. Basic Characteristics

The problem of development and socialization of man is devoted to a large number of scientific research and works in the field of psychology. In general, scientists agree that there are the following factors of personality formation:

• The human genotype;
• Social environment ;
• Activity in activities and communication;
• life experience;
• Natural factors;
• Unique individual experience.

Let us dwell in more detail on their characteristics.

Genetic factors of personality formation. They are basic at the initial stages of the development of the child, since they were obtained at birth. The fact is that hereditary characteristics are the basis for the formation of man. It is about such genetic qualities of the individual as abilities, physical qualities, type and features of the nervous system. They, naturally, leave an imprint on the nature of man and the way he functions in the world around him. Genetic heredity will largely explain the individuality, the difference from others, since there are no identical subjects from the position of heredity.

Cultural factors of personality formation. Any civilized society has a specific set of social rules, norms and values. They should be common to all members of this culture. Therefore, gradually formed a model personality, embodies the special principles and values that society should instill in each of its members. Therefore, in any society with the help of culture, a person will be formed, who easily goes to contacts and cooperation. If such standards are not available, this will put the subject in a situation of cultural uncertainty.

Natural factors of personality formation have an impact on human development. It is obvious that climatic conditions act constantly on behavior, participating in its formation. Important in this process is a lot. So, people who have grown up in different climates will differ from each other. It is enough to compare the inhabitants of the mountains, steppes and tropical jungles. The surrounding nature influences constantly, thanks to which the personality structure changes.

The largest group consists of social factors of personality formation. The fact is that only they contribute to the fact that a person becomes a person. The social environment influences the process of socialization, thanks to which the individual assimilates the norms of the group and the formation of his "I" takes place. As a result, each person's uniqueness is created. But the formation of personality in the process of socialization has several different forms: through imitation, the development of ideals and so on. It can be either primary, occurring in the family, or secondary, which is realized in social institutions (pre-school educational institutions, schools, colleges, universities and labor organizations). If there is an unsuccessful socialization of the individual to the existing cultural laws and norms, the latter can develop social deviations that provoke the emergence of internal and external conflicts.

Individual factors of personality formation imply the existence of human experience. The essence of their impact is this: everyone can get into a variety of situations, during which he will experience external influence. The sequence of such moments is unique for anyone. But as a result of these situations, each person will then anticipate any events based on negative or positive experience. Therefore, if we consider the main factors of personality formation, then the unique individual experience will become the fundamental one.