Examination of the intestine.

Examination of the intestine is an important part of the examination of gastroenterological problems. When a person begins to worry about pain or other unpleasant sensations in the intestines, it is necessary to conduct a complete examination of him in order to make the correct diagnosis. However, not everyone knows that a gastrointestinal examination is not only a check on the work of the stomach and intestines. It is also a diagnostic search for a possible problem in the liver or gall bladder, pancreas.

The examination of the intestine always begins with the patient's questioning. Detailing complaints is very important in this situation, because this can lead to the diagnosis, or at least to suspect its symptoms.

Then the doctor proceeds to a general examination of the patient. It also has a big value in diagnostics, because you can often see specific symptoms of the disease: local bloating, vascular sprouts or a sign of anti-peristaltic movements. However, it is not necessary to rely entirely solely on the survey data, because often they are subjective and nonspecific, i.e. Characteristic for many diseases.

After the examination, auscultation and palpation of the abdominal cavity is performed. When listening to receive any valuable data is almost impossible - just once again make sure that there is a problem. What can not be said about palpation is a sufficiently informative method of diagnosis, of course, provided it is correctly carried out. Palpatory examination of the intestine is carried out counter-clockwise, starting with the left ileal region. Further the hand of the doctor rises upward from the sigmoid colon down the spleen angle. After this, it is necessary to palpate the transverse colon, the right hepatic angle, the descending section. Then the blind gut and appendix are subjected to examination. It is in this order that the intestine is palpated. With properly performed palpation, you can easily suspect of any changes in the structure and location of the organ.

Examination of the intestines, or more precisely - the rectum, must be carried out in the patient's position, standing on his knees and leaning on his elbows. So the rectum will be maximally available palpation. During this examination, it is possible to diagnose hemorrhoidal enlargement of lymph nodes, tumor formations, ulcers, fistulas and abscesses. In addition to this method, an anoscopy is necessary - a visual examination of the rectal mucosa at a level of 10-15 cm.

The examination of the intestine does not end there; a number of instrumental diagnostic methods must also be carried out. You can start with rectoscopy - the introduction of the sensor through the rectum to a depth of no more than 30 cm. If at this level no changes are detected, then a colonoscopy with a biopsy should be performed. This method of diagnosis allows you to examine the large intestine throughout its length, in the absence of constriction, kinks and adhesions.

Ultrasonography - ultrasound diagnosis of the intestine with the help of which it is possible to diagnose thickening of the intestinal wall, abscess, effusion, invagination and many other diseases.

Do not neglect and kaprogramma - laboratory diagnosis of excrement. Often, this analysis can confirm the pathological process or guide the doctor to the idea of it.

Examination of the small intestine in its entirety can be done only by one method - X-ray diffraction with contrast. The patient is given a barium contrast contrast suspension several hours before the procedure, after which they take radiographic shots. This study allows you to determine the pathology at any level of the small intestine.

You can also use an endoscope and an enteroscope, but they do not give 100% informative value.