Prevention of noncommunicable diseases. Prevention of childhood diseases

Preventative medicine - the main section, which aims to strengthen the protective forces of the whole organism and its individual systems. At the present stage has several subsections. What is the prevention of non-infectious diseases and other ailments and how to influence the organism in a complex way?

General principles of preventive medicine

No matter how modern medicine is directed its forces to overcome the ailments, and their prevention is the main goal. Prevention of noncommunicable diseases is the main task of specialists. This will avoid epidemic waves. Is engaged in such a noble cause section of prevention. What should forces be directed at, and what means of preventing diseases are used at the present stage of medical development?

All methods of preventive action can be divided into two main groups:

• Direct influence on the risk factors of specific diseases;
• Influence on the state of the body as a whole, maintaining vital energy at the proper level and taking care of the immune system.

The first group is also called specific, and such measures are most often appointed by a specialist when there is a risk of developing a particular disease.

Types of prevention

The section that deals with the prevention of pathologies has several directions, which are divided into 3 main groups:

• Primary prevention;
• Secondary;
• Tertiary.

In turn, talk about the primary occurs when there is no disease, and maintaining such a state is the task of the presented stage.

Preventive measures at this stage include maintaining the general condition of the body at the proper level, strengthening it and constant examination.

Prevention of noncommunicable diseases using primary means includes the use of vitamin preparations, a rational diet, compliance with personal hygiene standards and consulting with a doctor to identify any pathological processes.

Vaccination also applies to this stage and is mandatory.

What ailments require thorough prevention?

Among the most popular pathologies that occur in people in different periods, depending on the season, the predisposition of the body, the way of life, the presence of bad habits, we can distinguish:

• Problems with the spine. These can be scoliosis, seasonal exacerbations of osteochondrosis, vertebral shear, hernia and other pathologies.
• Cardiovascular diseases are an accompanying ailment of the majority of older people, when the body gradually wears out, the vessels become clogged, and in the absence of treatment of such patients constant pains accompany.
• Dental diseases - from a very early age a person determines the fate of his teeth by how he cares for them. Rational prevention of dental diseases can prevent many concomitant pathologies of the facial skeleton and all human organs.
• Pathologies of the respiratory system can cause the inferiority of many people. From constant dyspnoea and tormented cough, no one has ever enjoyed it. Prevention of respiratory diseases largely saves the majority of the population, which is predisposed to these pathologies.
• Intestinal diseases are definitely the leader among all diseases in adults and children, since everyone suffered from such pathologies, at least once throughout his life.
• Non-infective lesions, which are more common in children, require a special approach and measures to prevent the disease.

Each disease can be perceived as independent, but then the effect of treatment will not be so pronounced, than when the whole organism is taken for a single system, which must be influenced in a complex way. Such an approach should be the basis for specialists who are engaged in the prevention of diseases, but more often the opposite happens. Because the body remains in tone and does not disturb, you do not need to wait for the manifestation of some illness, but you should start prevention now.

Complex impact on the respiratory system

Respiratory organs are responsible for many functions in the body. They support immunity, purify the inhaled air, are responsible for the sense of smell, which certainly affects the quality of life.

When there are diseases of the respiratory system, all sorts of problems start that prevent one from living normally.

Primary prophylaxis of pathologies includes the following complex:

• Inhalation is the simplest and most effective method of influencing the risk factors of the disease. Inhalation is the breathing of hot steam from a liquid with medicinal plants. Also, to act on the respiratory system, you can breathe steamed potatoes. This method promotes rapid regeneration of the nasal mucosa, and also has anti-inflammatory and calming effects.
• Prevention of respiratory diseases for its own purposes uses a variety of essential oils - conifers, for example, juniper or pine. In this way, by lubricating the mucous membrane, many microbes and other pathological organisms can be repelled.
• Nasal drops also play a role in the prevention of diseases.

In addition, there are many physiotherapeutic procedures that are actively used, but rather for treatment, rather than for preventive purposes. A person must decide on his own when it is necessary to undergo a course of health procedures for his organism.

Measures to prevent childhood ailments

Children of junior and school age are most susceptible to all sorts of diseases. This is due to constant contacts in the kindergarten and school environment, as well as with unconsciousness and non-observance of personal hygiene rules. The child tastes everything, every toy at least once, but gets into the mouth of any baby, besides, without the care of parents and caregivers, not everyone is washing their hands before eating and after the toilet.

Prevention of diseases in children should first of all take place as a sanitary and educational work. From early childhood, every child should learn how to properly wash their hands, how to communicate with their peers, and, of course, take an example from their parents. It depends on the latter, which hygienic skills children absorb.

Prevention of childhood diseases Should be comprehensive and aimed at improving all organs. The child's organism is constantly evolving, therefore it is subject to all kinds of changes and ailments. Prevention of non-infectious diseases in children is built on several elements:

• Parental health measures. Children spend most of their time at home, because all households are risk factors, and their health directly affects the state of the younger generation. Also, you should undergo a test for a genetic predisposition to chronic diseases that parents suffer.
• The period of intrauterine development is the first stage that determines possible pathologies. Therefore, during the entire period of pregnancy a woman should consult not only with gynecologists, but also with other specialists who can identify and prevent pathologies.
• Where and how the child lives, affects his general condition and predisposition to noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, improving living conditions directly affects how the body will develop.
• Active lifestyle should be the motto of the baby from birth. Parents should conduct special gymnastics - this is a good prevention of scoliosis from an early age. When children grow older and become aware of themselves as part of society, they should channel their energy into the right direction - sports clubs, swimming pool, outdoor activities. All this best affects the health status and ability of the body to resist diseases.
• The normalized schedule of study and rest should be a constant condition for the development of the child. On this depends his appetite, sleep and health of the immune system.
• Avoiding stresses, such as quarrels between mom and dad, poor school performance. All this should be regulated by parents and educators.

All these measures, together with secondary prevention and the absence of congenital pathologies, can alleviate the life of children and fill it with positive without a hint of any disease.

How to prevent heart disease?

Prevention of heart disease is the most important step on the way to improving the entire body. The deterioration of the environment and the standard of living adversely affects the work of all organs and systems, especially in the heart and blood vessels.

Prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system includes the following stages:

• Normalization of nutrition and the formulation of an individual diet in cases of congenital malformations or chronic diseases.
• An active lifestyle can prevent a variety of cardiac pathologies. This is due to the fact that the salts and fats in the body, which are deposited with a sedentary lifestyle, can provoke cardiovascular pathologies up to the stopping of the work of the heart.
• Regular physical activity as an element of prevention is practiced by the Center for Disease Prevention and Sanatoriums, whose work is aimed at primary and secondary prevention of the pathology of the cardiovascular system.
• Avoidance of stressful situations is the main method of preventive action on heart diseases. It is proved that excessive tension of the nervous system negatively affects the health of blood vessels. Negative experiences can provoke such a disease as systemic vasculitis, and behind it and other more serious problems with the cardiovascular system.
• Exclusion of bad habits, such as smoking, drinking, drugs and chemicals, positively affects the work of the heart and the restoration of the old functions of the body.
• Regular examination - a pledge of timely detection of pathologies and rational treatment. The disease, which could be identified at an early stage, can easily be treated and not go into a chronic form.

Dental health and oral hygiene

Dental health is directly related to the state of other organs and systems. The oral cavity is a link in the respiratory and digestive system, which affects their condition in pathologies in the oral cavity.

Prophylaxis of dental diseases includes rational hygiene and regular examination at the dentist. The way of life plays an important role in this. Timely sanitized oral cavity is a secondary prevention of many diseases: both inflammatory, infectious, and destructive processes in bone tissue.

The first stage of prevention in dentistry is sanitary and educational work with children of primary and secondary school age.

On the second place there is no less important task - consultation of women during pregnancy and the subsequent visiting with the child of the expert from the moment of a pruritus of the first tooth. This is the main stage on the way to a healthy smile of the baby.

Chronic diseases must be treated in a comprehensive manner, including conservative and surgical methods, which positively affects the complete extinction of the process and does not allow its re-development.

Individual hygiene should be respected with all modern standards that recommend:

• Change the toothbrush every month and use different pastes to avoid getting used to the teeth;
• Use additional methods - rinsers, dental brushes, chewing gums, irrigators, oral centers and others.

Healthy teeth - a pledge of well-being and good mood. In addition, a beautiful smile speaks about the health of the whole organism.

Intestinal pathology. How to warn?

Prevention of intestinal diseases is especially important for young children, who are most prone to infection of the intestine with various parasitic life forms.

Preventive measures aimed at preventing intestinal infections include:

• Separate food, in which fish, meat and vegetables are used separately, and also storage of these products on different shelves of the refrigerator;
• To prevent infection, greens before consumption should be moistened in warm water for 10 minutes, then rinse thoroughly with running water;
• Prepared salads should not be stored for more than 4 hours, even in ideal conditions for them;
• Before any purchase of various products, the label should not be neglected, it is better to read all the information on the product, and also to specify the expiration date and the manufacturer;
• To foodstuffs it is forbidden to admit rodents and other pets;
• You should avoid contact with infected people.

Intestinal parasites, in contrast to infectious diseases, do not immediately manifest themselves, therefore, detection at later stages complicates treatment and rehabilitation.

Health of the spine

Prevention of scoliosis and other pathologies of the spine involves several stages. The main ones are a healthy diet, the optimal load on the spine and the correct positioning.

The risk factors for most diseases are incorrect loads on each department of the skeletal system, as well as an incorrect lifestyle.

Excluding the above, you can take care of the health of your support apparatus and live without the uncomfortable sensations that accompany the patients almost every minute while trying to rotate the trunk.

Principles and means of prevention of vertebral pathologies:

• Morning exercises to warm up each of the spine;
• Eating a large amount of essential microelements, including calcium and phosphorus;
• Exclusion of bad habits: smoking and alcohol dependence are the first enemies of normal functioning of the spine;
• Regular examination of the doctor and compliance with all of his recommendations.

All these simple preventive measures, combined by professionals in the field of medicine and hygiene, can change the life of each person for the better, requiring only minimal attention to their body.

The urgency of the issue of disease prevention

Every medical worker, irrespective of his position and field of work, should direct his efforts to the prevention of various diseases. This applies to infectious and non-infectious pathologies.

Medicine will reach a new level only when preventive measures will be in the first place in relation to treatment.

The disease is easier to prevent than the whole life to hope for salvation from specialists. Special attention at this time requires the world's medicine to prevent vascular diseases.