Ergonomics of the kitchen. Planning the interior of the kitchen according to the rules of ergonomics

Homework, namely washing dishes and cooking, the hostess takes a lot of time and effort. To provide the family with an elementary dinner, it needs to do a few dozen different movements - sit-ups and slopes, transitions from the sink to the refrigerator.

And if the kitchen planning was organized incorrectly, then the physical expenses for such work can be significant. How can this be avoided?

Kitchen Ergonomics: Basic Principles

The first step in creating an ergonomic kitchen is planning. Do not need to buy a set only because the coloring of lockers you liked. First, you need to pay close attention to the functionality of the premises, for which you need to take into account all the details - from the characteristics of those people who use this kitchen, to the area of the room itself.

Very important parameters such as the color of the floor and walls, lighting, as well as the materials from which they are created.

Lighting

In order to avoid fatigue during the long stay in the kitchen, designers are advised to give up excessively bright light. It is better to equip several devices in different parts of the kitchen than to use only the central one.

Evenly and brightly lit should be the working area of the kitchen (photo can be seen in this article), also here you can create a separate light source. An excellent solution in the dining area will be a lamp or wall lamp with a variable flow of light to create a cozy atmosphere during a tea or dinner.

Colour

When the ergonomics of the kitchen is planned, you need to pay special attention to its color solution. It is basically dictated by its common style. In this case, you need to consider the location of the light, and the whole layout of the apartment. So, in the southern rooms it is permissible to use cold tones, while for the northern ones it is better to choose warm ones - yellow, beige, terracotta.

To decorate the kitchen in very bright colors is not worth it. For example, orange or red walls will begin to act annoyingly on the psyche over time. The best solution will be the coloring of surfaces in calm colors - white, beige, cream.

Floor

Ergonomics of the kitchen assumes the existence of floors of stone or ceramic tiles. Certainly, such coatings as linoleum and laminate, do not pass their positions, while the first is very easy to damage with various sharp objects, and the second is afraid of water. But the tile is very strong, it is not afraid of spilled water, terrible dampness and mechanical damage.

You can also create a composite coating of tiles and laminate. In this case, the main part of the floor should be laid with a laminate, and near the sink and in the working area - a tile. This makes it possible to zonate the room and simultaneously solve the practicality problem. At the moment, PVC tiles are often used as a floor covering, because it has advantages over tiles and ceramics.

Walls

Ergonomics of the kitchen from the walls requires convenience and simplicity when cleaning. In case you prefer a wallpaper, you need to choose a washable, because with them you can easily remove all the dirt that appears when cooking.

Walls in the working area must be reliably protected with a kitchen "apron". In this case, the most popular option is the material from tile, although lately there have been installed more and more glass "aprons", which are decorated with drawings or photographs.

Furniture

Choosing kitchen furniture, pay attention to the dimensions of the room, as well as the possibility of installing a headset with the benefit for the owner of the apartment. The custom-built headset greatly simplifies the selection problem, since it allows you to take into account the features of the room, and also to design an ergonomic space.

Materials

Materials can be very different. The most beautiful, durable and expensive is the wooden massif. It is resistant to various damages, almost not afraid of dampness, non-toxic, ecological. Usually from the array produce elite kitchens.

MDF is very often used in the production of kitchen furniture. The material is environmentally safe and quite durable. Often it is combined with chipboard.

Multiplex is a material from glued together layers of wood of different breeds. It is cheaper than an array, while it is easy to use and practical enough.

Kitchens from chipboard are less durable and cheaper. The laminated wood chipboard is easily damaged and is afraid of dampness.

Cabinets

Ergonomics of the kitchen assumes the availability of comfortable and high-quality cabinets. They store all the utensils. From how their internal space will be organized, to what height they will be, depends on the amount of energy expended.

Manufacturers recently try to equip the cabinets with all kinds of devices: sections, containers, baskets, pencil cases and pull-out dividers. This is all arranged so as to get easy and quick access to each of the items.

Doors at the lockers to save space are made retractable, folding or folding, and not swinging. In the pencil cases and floor stands there are sections on rollers, drawers and convenient shelves. To increase the working surface of the curbstone, and tables are often equipped with special drawers.

You can also create a different kitchen design. Style loft, for example, will be very advantageous to look in the room of any area. If you want to get a light design, then the Scandinavian or rustic style will suit you.

Worktops

This is the part of the kitchen set that is most exposed to various adverse factors - dirt, moisture, and impacts. Therefore, choosing a countertop for an ergonomic kitchen, you should approach the process very responsibly.

The most popular materials for them are: ceramic tiles, chipboard, stone and wood. Sometimes there are also countertops made of metal. The best choice is stone or ceramics. Such countertops are easy to care for, durable, do not absorb moisture, are not afraid of damage and contamination.

Basic principles

Do you create your own creative project? Planning the kitchen is impossible without taking into account several main principles of furniture arrangement.

1. A working triangle that includes a stove, a sink and a fridge. From the place of their location depends the amount of time and effort that goes into routine homework.
2. A social factor that takes into account the number of people using the room.
3. Functional zones, as their proper allocation also has an effect on ergonomics.

Storage of small things

Beginning planning the kitchen, it is very important not to make a mistake in the size, therefore, before purchasing furniture you need to make careful measurements. Also, you must first determine what will be needed, as well as what you can do without.

Ergonomics of the kitchen: the dimensions of furniture

When designing an ergonomic kitchen, you must always consider the size of the room. For example, a small kitchen in a "Khrushchev" is unlikely to accommodate a set of different items with a dedicated dining area. Of course, between the stove and the refrigerator, the distance here will be small, and the hostess will not need to take many steps to overcome it. At the same time, it is unlikely that a family of four people will fit in this kitchen for dinner.

In this case, there may be an exit of the living room and kitchen unit, which gives interesting design solutions and additional space.

Types of optimal planning

In modern life, the ergonomics of the kitchen is very important. The basic principles of planning are discussed below.

Linear kitchen

Basically, this method is used in small rooms (up to 9 m²). At the same time all appliances and furniture are installed along one wall. Opposite the dining area can be located.

U-shaped kitchen

This is a variant of the angular layout, which involves the arrangement of all furniture in the form of the letter "n". In this case, a large room is required, since the U-shaped kitchen basically takes up a lot of space.

Corner kitchen

This layout is suitable for premises of more than 9 m². In this case, the working area, which includes a refrigerator and a plate, as well as a dining room, are located along two walls, thereby forming an angle. Sometimes the dining area can be placed near the opposite wall.

Peninsular kitchen

Working area in this layout from the dining room is separated with the help of household appliances or some item of the kitchen set. For example, in the role of the partition is often a cutting table or stove.

Island cuisine

This is one of the most interesting methods of kitchen layout, when the dining area is carried out in the middle of the room. So you can organize a kitchen-living room with a huge area.

Even in the smallest room, if desired, you can create a comfortable and comfortable kitchen environment, the style of which will emphasize the taste of its owners, and also facilitate household work, while saving the hostess time.