UN History of Creation and Structure

The United Nations as a system has evolved over a fairly long period. The birth of the UN began more than a hundred years ago. It was created as a mechanism for effective governance of the world community. The UN's history of creation was gradual.

The first intergovernmental and international organizations began to form in the middle of the nineteenth century. This phenomenon was caused by the formation after the revolutions of states striving for independence, as well as the successes of scientific and technological development that led to the interconnection of states. The UN's history of creation is largely determined by these factors.

Integration processes began to penetrate the economy of the most developed countries in Europe. In connection with this, a new form of interstate relations has emerged as intergovernmental organizations.

The UN creation story has many mysteries. Many questions about its occurrence until today remain controversial. The history of the twentieth century began with wars, among them two worlds. This led to the desire of countries to create an international organization no longer economic, but political orientation with a view to preventing possible wars in the future. The first draft of such a plan was implemented even at the creation of the League of Nations (1919). However, it has not proved its effectiveness. This became evident with the beginning of the second world. This war has given a strong impetus to the public and governmental initiative to organize security and peace.

It is still debated about which of the allies first proposed the creation of the United Nations. The history of creation from the point of view of Western historians began with the Atlantic Charter of Roosevelt and Churchill, signed in 1941, on August 14. Soviet scientists justifiably refer to such a document as the Soviet-Polish declaration of 1941, of December 4.

There is no disagreement on the question that the most important stage in the creation of the UN was in 1943. On October 30 of the same year, a declaration was signed by the representatives of the United States, the USSR, China and Britain. The Declaration proclaimed the recognition of the need for the establishment of a universal international organization whose purpose is to maintain security and peace on an international scale. The declaration referred to the equality of all peace-loving states and their right to participate in the creation of an international union of countries.

The very decision to create the UN was adopted at the Yalta Conference in Crimea by the leaders of the countries of the anti-Hitler kaolitsia. It was signed by Joseph Stalin, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill. It was at this conference, held on February 4-11, 1945, that the basic principles of UN activities were formulated, its structure and functions were defined.

The UN's history of creation and structure were developed gradually. Already, according to the UN Charter, the main organs of the world organization were established. These are the General Assembly, the Trusteeship Council, the Security Council, the Secretariat and the International Court of Justice, and the Economic and Social Councils.

In addition, the charter authorized, with the consent of the General Assemblies, the establishment of other self-governing organizations. Under this item, the Security Council created a peacekeeping force.

In April 1945, a conference of the United Nations was held in San Francisco in order to draft a charter. This was attended by delegates from 50 countries. The statute officially entered into force on October 24, 1945, therefore this date is considered the UN Birthday.

Since 1946, there is a special body - UNESCO (the UN World Organization for Science, Culture and Education), which is located in Paris.

In 1948, the General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which spelled out all the rights of everyone, including the basic rights to life, liberty, personal integrity, private property, etc.

In 1948 the UN established a special Commission for the Protection of Endangered Animals and Plants, with which the history of the creation of the Red Book began.

Today, the UN is composed of 192 countries.