DGU: transcript. Diagram of the DSU. Installing the DGS

The DGU is a type of autonomous equipment that generates electricity by burning diesel fuel. DGU, the decoding of which sounds like diesel-generator sets, consists of several main elements: the generator itself, the diesel engine and the protective system that works at large overloads. Nowadays the market is ready to offer installations that operate both on gasoline and diesel fuel. The first type of units has a very low life-time. Diesel stations are more economical, productive and safe. That is why, if there is a need to purchase an electricity generator, preference should be given to them. Let us consider in more detail the arrangement of such installations, their types, proper operation and maintenance.

Functional DGU

Diesel-generator sets can be used both as the main source of electricity, and perform a backup function. If we consider the main source of electricity, then in this capacity, the overload of the DGU is allowed. The decoding of this type of equipment sounds like diesel-generator sets for continuous operation. Overloading is possible in the amount of ten percent of the nominal capacity for an hour with a frequency of twelve hours.

The duration of such installations is not limited to one year. The reserve type of equipment prevents any overload in relation to the rated power. For a year such an installation should produce no more than five hundred hours of operation. DGU for both main and backup work have the same engines. The choice of this or that type of device is dictated by the planned project.

The output of such units is made in different designs: single-phase, three-phase. Moreover, this equipment can work both in fully automatic mode and manual.

Composition of diesel generator sets

The standard composition includes the following elements:

• Diesel engine DGU - deciphering the abbreviation itself indicates the use of diesel fuel ;
• Turbocharger (if the engine is equipped with a turbocharger);
• Alternating current generator with automatic adjustment (must necessarily be in a protective casing);
• A single structure for securing the engine and generator;
• Fuel tank;
• Cooling system with radiator and fan;
• Control panel;
• Emergency shutdown system;
• Voltage and frequency controllers with automatic adjustment.

Diagram of the DGU is shown in the figure below.

Some models of diesel-generator sets have engines with a hydraulic fuel injection system, which is controlled by a microprocessor. This significantly improves engine performance in a variety of modes and improves its performance.

Pros of DGU engines with processor control

The main advantages of such engines include:

• A higher degree of combustion of fuel and a higher efficiency of the DGU - how this abbreviation stands, many should be known from school times - the coefficient of efficiency ;
• Low level of harmful elements in the exhaust gas;
• Lower noise and vibration;
• Optimal fuel consumption;
• Possibility of starting the engine in automatic mode without additional heating at low temperatures;
• More perfect system of diagnostics.

In order to expand the standard functionality of diesel-generator sets, they can be equipped with additional equipment, greatly increasing the possibilities of work.

Additional equipment to the DGU

First of all, automatic control panels should be assigned to the additional equipment . At the moment, there are four levels of automation that they support. Their functionality also includes controllers for load switching, remote start and stop panel, controller for measuring engine speed.

To prevent the battery from discharging, there is a device for its automatic recharging. The following additional devices contribute to the extension of the convenience of working with the DGU: a more voluminous fuel tank for increasing the operating time of the installation, additional silencers and protective housings for more complete noise reduction and vibration prevention, an arctic container for operating in harsh climatic conditions with air temperatures below fifty degrees, Heating the coolant with oil and winding generator, chassis for more convenient transportation of installations.

Types of DGU. Open Type

Depending on the conditions of use DGU are manufactured in three versions: open, in a casing and in a container. Diesel generators open and in containers are produced only stationary (fixed), but in the casing - both stationary and mobile.

Open DGUs (the decoding of which has one more meaning - for internal installation) is mounted in a specially designed machine room. They are of any power, single-phase and three-phase, with air and water cooling.

The room for such installations is usually chosen to be well heated and closed. If a suitable space is not available or there is no possibility to erect it, installation of diesel generators in enclosures that protect the equipment and its components from adverse external influences is allowed.

DGS in housings and containers

Depending on the required level of protection, the housings are weatherproof, sound insulated and sound insulated with a high type. They can be installed outdoors. A big disadvantage of the casings is their small size, which makes it difficult to work with the internal elements of the generators. Not to mention the repair work, for which you will need to remove the hood, which is not recommended in the open area.

As a way out of the situation, the diesel generator set was produced in containers. They are more free and allow you to produce any type of work with installations. Containers are of two types - with protection from the effects of the atmosphere and soundproofing.

Enclosures and containers are of a low-temperature Arctic type. They are made of cold-resistant types of steels and are designed to work in harsh climatic conditions with an air temperature of less than fifty degrees.

Installation of all types of diesel generators must be carried out in accordance with certain requirements.

Recommendations for the installation of diesel generators

First of all, do not put such installations near residential buildings and warehouses with explosive flammable materials. It is necessary to ensure a reliable grounding of both the generator itself and its auxiliary elements. The height of the machine room must be at least four meters.

The installation should be placed on a concrete foundation with a height of at least one hundred and fifty millimeters and an area that will support the load of the generator. If the DGU is in the container, you need to make sure that the grilles for the air flow are away from other objects and walls. Next to the container there must be a well for emergency discharge of the fuel mass with the piping system.

The use of diesel generator in construction

When building large buildings and facilities, the need for mobile power sources is particularly high. Since on many construction sites the main electric main is not possible, all the existing equipment will be fed from the DGU. Decoding in the construction of the name of such installations does not differ from ordinary living conditions - in fact, they are the same diesel-generator stations, only of high power.

The high power of such generators is capable of providing large-scale construction objects with electricity for a long time. Work can be conducted for a long time without interruption, which is the main criterion for the delivery of construction projects within the specified time.

For such a sphere it is better to use foreign aggregates of the DGU (decoding, construction and production of which are represented by diesel-generator sets of increased power).

In conclusion: how to choose a suitable DGU?

Before buying a diesel generator, you need to decide for yourself a few questions - about what type is best used, how the installation will be done and in what place. It is necessary to determine the purpose of the future generator - it will either be permanent or stand-by. The most important point when choosing a DGU is decoding itself, what power will be needed to supply all the necessary consumers with electricity. And finally, you should take into account the climatic conditions of the area in which you plan to install the generator, and find the place where it will stand. This can be a closed room or outdoors. And in accordance with this it will be possible to choose the type of DGU.