Culture of the Early Renaissance in Italy in names and creations

Everyone knows that it was Italy that was the heart of the entire Renaissance. Great masters of the word, brush and philosophical thought appeared in each of the periods of the Renaissance. The culture of the Early Renaissance in Italy demonstrates the birth of traditions that will develop in subsequent centuries, this period has become the starting point, the beginning of a great era of creativity in Europe.

Briefly about the main

The art of the Early Renaissance in Italy spans the period from about 1420 to 1500, preceded by the High Renaissance and completing the Protorenaissance. As for any transition period, for these eighty years, the mixture of styles and ideas that preceded, and new ones, which, nevertheless, is borrowed from the distant past, from the classics, is characteristic. Gradually, the creators got rid of medieval concepts, shifting their attention to ancient art.

However, despite the fact that for the most part they sought to return to the ideals of forgotten art, both in general and in private, ancient traditions were intertwined with new, but to a much lesser extent.

Architecture of Italy during the Early Renaissance

The main name in the architecture of this period is, of course, Filippo Brunelleschi. He became the personification of Renaissance architecture, organically embodying his plans, he managed to turn projects into something fascinating, and, by the way, his masterpieces have been carefully guarded for many generations. One of his main creative achievements is considered to be the buildings located in the heart of Florence, the most notable of which are the dome - the Florentine Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore and the Pitti Palace, which became the starting point of the Italian architecture of the Early Renaissance.

Other important achievements of the Italian Renaissance include the Doge's Palace, which is located near the main square of Venice, the palaces in Rome hands of Bernardo di Lorenzo and others. During this period, the architecture of Italy seeks to organically combine the features of the Middle Ages and classics, striving for the logic of proportions. An excellent example of this statement can be called the Basilica of San Lorenzo, again the hands of Filippo Brunelleschi. In other European countries, the Early Renaissance did not leave such striking examples.

Painters of the Early Renaissance

The artistic culture of this period is distinguished by the desire of creators, referring to classical scenes, recreating them with a share of naturalism, betraying them a more realistic character. One of the first and most ingenious representatives of this period is rightly considered Masaccio, he skillfully used the full perspective, bringing to his works the proximity to naturalness, sought to convey the emotions and thoughts of the characters. Later, Michelangelo will consider Masaccio as his teacher.

Other important representatives of this period were Sandro Botticelli, along with Leonardo da Vinci and the very young Michelangelo. The most famous works by Botticelli "The Birth of Venus" and "Spring" reflect a smooth, but rapid transition from secularity to naturalness and simplicity. Some works of other Renaissance artists, such as Raphael and Donatello, can also be attributed to this period, although they continued to create already in the High Renaissance.

Sculpture

The culture of the Early Renaissance in Italy is directly related to sculpture, during this period it is brought to the same level with architecture and painting, begins to play an equally important role. The pioneer of the architecture of this era was Lorenzo Ghiberti, who, despite his knowledge in the history of art and the talent of painting, devoted himself to reliefs.
He strove for harmony of all elements of his works and managed to achieve success on his path. The main achievement of Ghiberti was the reliefs on the door of the Florentine Baptistery. Ten compositions no less accurate and complete than the picturesque paintings, collectively became known as the "Gates of Paradise".

A disciple of Ghiberti, Donatello, is recognized as a reformer of the Renaissance sculpture. He managed to unite Florentine democracy and new traditions of a return to antiquity in his work, becoming an example of imitation for many of the revivalists, and not just sculptors.

The culture of the Early Renaissance in Italy is inconceivable without Jacopo della Quercia, the predecessor of the two previous sculptors. Despite the fact that he belonged to the era of Quattrocento, his work was strikingly different from the classical Ghiberti and Donatello, but his influence on the early Renaissance period can not be underestimated. Especially worth noting is his work on the portal of the church of San Petronio, entitled "The Creation of Adam", which influenced the work of Michelangelo.

Results

The culture of the Early Renaissance in Italy, although it strives for the same thing - to reflect the classics through the prism of naturalness, but the creators go in different ways, leaving their names in the Renaissance culture. A lot of great names, brilliant masterpieces and a complete rethinking of not only artistic but also philosophical culture - all this brought us a period that foreshadowed other stages of the Renaissance, in which the established ideals found their continuation.