Correction: this is what and how does it happen? Psychological and pedagogical correction

From time immemorial it was believed that learning is a little controlled or completely uncontrolled process. Many teaching methods and schools were built on the principle of carrot and stick, which is not welcomed today, because it is considered obsolete and inefficient. And in many cases in modern pedagogy, correction is almost the only way to achieve the desired result.

Psychology and Pedagogy in Russia

With regard to the market of Western psychological services, it can be said that the standardization and licensing of the activities of psychologists brought order. In the US, psychological correction is a fairly well-developed structure, where psychoanalysts, gestalt psychologists and coaches know their job responsibilities and the rights and duties of their clients. In Russia, a psychologist is considered to be "a friend with an hourly fee," which, perhaps, will help, or maybe not ...

"Adult" psychology: are we mistaken when choosing a psychologist?

Conditionally it is possible to subdivide psychologists by a set of profiles. However, for a better perception of the material in this article, it is better to accept a simple classification and proceed from the fact that there are specialists "adults" and "children". By dividing them into two groups, it is easier to talk about working with two categories of people. This, respectively, independent and responsible for their actions (adults), and dependent (children) personality. To understand what a psychologist should do for one or another category of clients, and what should not be done, consider the most common reason for the treatment.

Many people lead to a situation in which a person begins to believe that he himself can not cope with his problems, be it stress, unrequited love or even financial difficulties. That's why many people think that psychological correction is a kind of cure for failure. Adults looking for help from a psychologist expect to receive, so to speak, a visual "manual", showing how to achieve success in life. However, the system of market relations predetermines failures in the campaigns to such specialists. The fact is that we are already accustomed to the state of things, which can be characterized by the phrase: "You pay money - you get the goods." The product in this case is psychological balance, which leads to stress relieving, solving any problems. Many people think that this is the same medicine, "a product for the soul," which should be addressed to a specialist. If many consider this a means to achieve their goals, then they do it right!

Correction is ... a product?

"In a healthy body - a healthy spirit!" The motto of athletes psychologists interpret this: "There would be a healthy spirit - the body will also recover." And physiologists will also give out universal: "Everything is interconnected". And, surprisingly, among these specialists of different kinds of activity there are no wrong. But if everything is so simple and understandable, why are there so many people today who are dissatisfied - and quite justifiably - with their figure? Or having psychological problems?

The answer is simple: buying these two things is not so easy. For example, when you come to the gym, most expect quick progress and, without getting it, leaves home. The same situation is with the market of psychological services: we expect too much from our psychologist, while forgetting to rely on ourselves, overcome laziness, the pain of truth and a sense of pride. So the correction of the figure, like the correction of development, is a two-fold process. Here, we need a payoff from both the specialist and the client.

And often it happens like this: when a psychologist puts a person in front of the fact that they have to solve problems themselves, many people conclude that the specialist is incompetent. But in fact it turns out that he has no right to interfere in our personal life, and the responsibility for solving problems remains on the person applying.

If the customer is not responsible

Psychologists working with preschool and school contingents are completely different. Pedagogical correction is a kind of interaction process, where there are not two (adult-psychologist), but three whole links (parent-child-psychologist). Corrective training is considered a progressive technique in the process of assimilating a new material by the child. The essence of the methodology is not to correct only one material, as in the case of tutoring, but in its analysis, taking into account the cognitive features and abilities of the child. And then the presentation should be in a convenient form for the student. And this paradigm is applicable to both natural / humanitarian sciences, and to information transmitted through education in general.

Competition among children

The demand for pedagogical services is determined by a variety of factors. But the main one is to help the child to catch up or outrun the peers in development. However hard it may sound, among children, competition is more severe than among adults. And if an adult, failing, can use the protective mechanisms worked out over many years , the child, due to the absence of these mechanisms, remains alone with his problems. Often this leads to catastrophic consequences: the individual closes, experiences stress, is depressed, which can affect his health in the future. But worst of all, these conditions can be fixed and stay with him for life. All psychological teachings converge on the fact that in childhood, it is much easier to change for better or for worse than for adults. Correction is a complex system, and in the case of a child, it also requires acting skills and a formed paternal approach.

How to "move forward" the child forward?

The task of the teacher and the parent is primarily to identify the crisis conditions of the baby. They can be many, and depending on this amount, a further corrective program is also determined. And it is not necessary to dedicate your child to the trials that lie ahead of him. Classes and trainings should be submitted in a playful and informal manner, so that the child does not perceive this as a regular trip to school. Take, for example, such a common course as speech correction. It can be both a boring occupation, and a fun lesson with elements of arts and crafts. This is one of the methods of art therapy, consisting in the image and further description of the picture, or in the description of the finished drawing. Based on the sounds heard by the speech therapist, "difficult" for the child, a program is prepared for drawing and speaking, with subsequent fixing of the results.

Frequent problems in children, or On which desk is your child sitting?

The study of various models of the teacher-child relationship made a breakthrough in the pedagogical process. Now it is believed that the mastery of the material is influenced not only by the abilities of the student, but also by the experience of the teacher. Now, negligent teachers can not justify their failures by the low intellectual level of a schoolboy, his character and some other external reasons.

Take, for example, children who need vision correction. This is an example of a rather old and still incomplete "war" between teachers and parents. And it begins with a rather innocuous moment: the first sitting in the classroom. Children are invited to sit at a desk at any convenient place. It would seem that nothing terrible ... However, later it turns out that some students sitting away from the board, learn the material worse, because they are poorly visible. The problem could have been exterminated "in the bud" if the teacher had looked in advance at the cards of the health of his charges and seated the children, given the acuteness of their vision. But before such progress only some private schools have reached, in other cases, as usual, it is exposed "on its own accord".

What pushes us forward

It is known that the requirements for the child will not be simplified in the foreseeable future. Before children, future adults, new and more complex problems are posed related to scientific and technological progress. Those schools that conduct training under the old programs will be out of competition because of the irrelevance of knowledge transferred to children. They are screened out by the Russian attestation commissions, so everyone is striving for a common standard. Often there are scandals associated with the pressure on the child: take, for example, physical education in high school, which includes a set of training "figure correction." This is a generally accepted standard, which, however, not everyone is able to master because of subjective reasons. Pressure on the teacher from the direction of the school and from the parents further exacerbates the situation, and the exit in this case is the complete refusal of the child from sports and entertainment activities (release).

However, no one has the right to drive children into such a framework. Each child is unique and prone to abilities in a particular field of activity or science. It is known that Pushkin and Einstein at one time received a triplet for the subjects of little interest to them. But due to a combination of circumstances they reached enormous heights, and their names became household names. And now many psychologists and teachers are working on how to recreate these circumstances and to activate the child's creative approach to this or that field of knowledge.

What is the market for educational services

Currently, the centers are gaining popularity, the priority aspect of which is social correction. This is a set of psychocorrecting techniques that help in the learning activity of a schoolboy and a preschooler. This direction is an integral part of the development of each of us, fixed in evolution. If our ancestors were not able to learn, they would not survive in the wild. Therefore, an inexperienced teacher who claims that a child is unskilled simply justifies its own failure. Yes, many children of preschool and school age often need pedagogical correction. But to say that a child is not capable of learning anything is a kind of crime.

School must meet

In the previously described "child-parent-psychologist" scheme, it is possible to add one more link: school. Psychological and pedagogical correction is a process in which teachers should be included in the future, with whom the student interacts. Taking into account the individual characteristics of the student and submitting the material in accordance with them is the key to success in the formation of a successful personality. There are no incompetent children on planet Earth! There are only children whose abilities have not yet been revealed, because we have not yet learned to do this. Two centuries ago for mankind seemed like a fantasy things like flying or sound transmission through wires ... Who knows what heights we will achieve in the foreseeable future? ..

Correction is the way to success!

The flow of knowledge of a young student is like a fresh spring, breaking through a rocky rock. We need to show the new "spring" the way to the river of knowledge, teach it to pave its way: sharpen the granite of science and avoid obstacles that have become on the way to learning!