Classification of accounts by economic content: brief information.

As you know, the system of accounts is the basis of accounting. In order to make sure that accounting accounts are not chaotic, but give in to some logical analysis, they undoubtedly need to be arranged in such a way as to get a clear and clear system. It is to ensure that the system of accounts is not a burden, but a convenient and easy to use accounting tool, and there is a classification of accounts for economic content.

Accounting accounts are records (you can also call them registers) in which all the operations of the same type that are conducted by the enterprise are displayed. Thus, the account collects all information about a particular type of assets, liabilities or processes. Each account has a debit and a credit side, which vary depending on the type of operation. At the end of the reporting period, the account balance is calculated. Classification of accounts for economic content can be reduced and expanded. The abridged version of the classification divides the accounts into three types:

- Active - this is an account that shows all the funds of the enterprise, located at its disposal (assets). Active debit accounts indicate the occurrence of any funds (money, fixed assets, receivables, etc.) from the enterprise, and in the credit - their disappearance (write-off, transfer to other persons and enterprises). The final balance of the active accounts is displayed by debit.

- Passive - all these sources are displayed on these accounts, at the expense of which the enterprise received at its disposal certain funds. Such sources are called liabilities. As a rule, liabilities are related either to liabilities or to the authorized capital of the enterprise. According to the accounts in the loan, the occurrence of the obligation is displayed (for example, obtaining a loan or the appearance of accounts payable to the supplier) or the introduction of the authorized capital, and by debit - the repayment of the obligations of the enterprise or the withdrawal of capital by the founders.

- Active-passive (procedural) accounts - show the processes occurring at the enterprise. Unlike active or passive accounts, active-passive ones can have a balance as a debit or a credit, depending on how the financial and business operations took place during the reporting period. The method of maintaining these accounts is specific to each individual account, and therefore it is not possible to describe in this article a certain universal method for handling active-passive accounts.

Classification of accounting accounts of the expanded type assumes their division into ten classes as it can be seen in the chart of accounts. This classification assumes the division of accounts into ten classes, and was invented several centuries ago by French economists. Since then, such classification of accounts on economic content has become a universally recognized world accounting standard, and is still used in most countries of the world. The only difference between the domestic and foreign classifications is that in Western countries accounts are not assigned numbers - the accountant only writes the account name, so he does not need to remember the whole numbering.

Classification of accounts for economic content allows you to easily and easily systematize a large number of accounts in simple and clear categories, and therefore, significantly simplifies the life of any accountant. Knowledge of this classification is one of the key moments in the life of any accountant on his way to a successful career.

And the last. Very often, those who first collide with the accounting system can not understand the difference between accounting and bank accounts. Remember that bank accounts and their classification is a completely different category of knowledge, albeit related to the sphere of finance and accounting, however, considering completely different aspects. Do not confuse accounting accounts with bank accounts - this will help to avoid many mistakes in further work!