Boeing-787 (Boeing 787) - specifications

The wide-body long - range Boeing-787 aircraft belongs to a new generation of equipment. It is built to replace the already outdated model 767.

The main difference between the "Boeing 787" and its predecessor is its design. For the first time in the history of aircraft construction, this model uses fifty percent of composite lightweight materials.

History

To begin the program of creating a new model of the aircraft caused a drop in sales of such long-distance liners as 747-400 and 767. This happened in the nineties of the last century. The company Boeing was taken into consideration two new models. One of them was a more fuel-efficient version of the 747-400. This is the 747X model. The second version of the project involved the development of an aircraft that would not consume more fuel than the Boeing 767, but was able to reach a speed of 0.98 M. However, the airlines met these models coolly.

In early 2003, Boeing introduced a new twin-engine project 7E7. The model was developed using Sonic Cruiser technologies. The company announced the ownership of this liner to the new Yellowstone family.

New program

Yellowstone is a project of Boeing, which involves replacing the existing model range of civil aircraft with a series of high-tech types. Lightweight composite materials are used in the design of the liner. Instead of hydraulic applied electrical systems. These models are equipped with turbojet economical engines.

The Yellowstone program consists of three sections. The first of them is Y1. It involves the replacement of aircraft with a capacity of 100-200 passengers. The Y2 project is designed to introduce new models of long-haul liners. To date, this program is fully completed. Her baby was a Boeing 787.

The company is also working on the Y3 project. Developed models designed to replace ultra-long aircraft 747 and 777, having a passenger capacity of 300-600 people.

Dreamliner

Boeing Company in 2003 held a competition for the best name of the 787 model. Almost half a million people chose the Dreamliner option. Already in April 2004 on the "Boeing-787" found the starting customer. They became the carrier company All Nippon Airways. She ordered fifty planes at once, which were to be delivered by the end of 2008.

"Boeing-787" (photo below) is an innovative product in the field of aircraft construction. For the first time in its design, aluminum was replaced with lightweight composite materials. This solution has significantly reduced the weight of the liner, and therefore, make it economically profitable.

Boeing has developed a Boeing 787, the technical specifications of which allow the liner to consume twenty percent less fuel than the 767, and be 40 percent more efficient. This became possible after the installation of modern engines and adoption of modern aerodynamic solutions in combination with advanced schemes. And at the end of 2004, Boeing ordered 237 787 aircraft. In 2012, I agreed to supply four Boeing-787 aircraft with Transaero.

Production

In December 2003, the Boeing management decided that the Boeing 787 would be assembled in the state of Washington, in the city of Everett, in a factory that was built in the late sixties of the last century to produce the 747 model.

However, this time a slightly different solution was applied. The company did not start collecting planes from scratch. Part of the work was given to subcontractors. This allowed to significantly reduce the production time. The final assembly should, according to the calculations of the company, be made in three to four days. At the same time, eight hundred to one thousand two hundred people must be involved in this process. Thus, Japanese subcontractors produce wings, Italian - horizontal stabilizer, French - wiring, Indian software developers, etc. Deliver the details to the plant freight liner model 747.

The Boeing 787s were built with the participation of Japan. Companies from this country have made work on the creation of almost thirty-five units of the liner. The government of Japan this project was supported by an amount equal to two million dollars. The assembly of the first Boeing 787 was started in May 2007.

Testing

In the air, the "Boeing-787" first climbed on December 15, 2009. The flight lasted about three hours. After that, the company developed a nine-month test schedule. Six aircraft took part in the flight testing. On four of them there were engines Rolls Royce Trent 1000, and on two - GE GEnx-1B64. In March 2007, successfully passed a test for the load of the wing, which was increased by three hundred seconds by one hundred and fifty percent compared to the standard one. Subsequently, the liner passed temperature tests and was slightly modified in connection with the identified shortcomings. Certification "Boeing-787" was produced on August 13, 2011 by the US Federal Civil Aviation Administration. 26.10.2011 the liner made the first commercial flight.

Constructive decisions

Fifty percent of all elements of which the fuselage "Boeing-787" is made, consist of materials containing carbon fiber. That is why this aircraft is much lighter and stronger than those liners, in the production of which aluminum is used. Composite materials are fifty percent carbon fiber, twenty aluminum, fifteen titanium, ten steel, and five percent other components.

When assembling the Boeing 787, the super-economical and low-noise engines of General Electric GEnx-1B and Rolls Royce Trent 1000 are used. In the first one, the turbine blades and the body are made of composite materials only. That is why the engine is able to create a working draft at a lower temperature regime. As a consequence, there is a reduction in hydrocarbon emissions into the atmosphere.

The "Boeing-787" has a longer wing length than other models. In addition, anti-icing equipment, flap mechanism and other systems are mounted as a single unit. This makes it easier to maintain them and reduce the likelihood of breakdowns.

The company developed three modifications of the Boeing-787. These are 3, 8, 9 and 10 models. Each of them has some differences in specific technical parameters. Equal to all is the fuselage diameter (5.77 m), the altitude (16.9 m), the maximum flight altitude (13100 m) and the highest speed (950 km / h).

Cabin of pilots

For the convenience of control, the aircraft is equipped with multifunction displays. They are in the cockpit. The control is carried out by means of an electric-distance system. It includes two screens, which shows the scheme of the approach to landing, taxiing, as well as a map of the area. Clear indicators are installed in front of the windshield of the cab. They allow you to monitor the data of devices, without closing the visibility.

The aircraft is equipped with an automatic diagnostic system. It sends real-time data to the ground repair service. A broadband radio channel is used. This system is designed to predict the occurrence of certain problems in aircraft mechanisms, which allows reducing the time for repairs and diagnostics.

Passenger Room

The capacity of Boeing-787 depends on its configuration. On board the aircraft can climb from 234 to 296 passengers.

The cabin developed in the "Boeing-787" airplane is very convenient for passengers. The usual plastic curtains here are replaced by electrochromic blackout in the smart glass porthole. Amazing features of the interior lighting. Its intensity is adjusted by the crew depending on the flight phase.

In the 787th model, the size of the toilets was increased. Now they can be used by people in wheelchairs. The highest storage capacity in the cabin is provided by the upper luggage racks. For each of them you can put four suitcases. The pressure in the cabin is maintained at a level corresponding to an altitude of one thousand eight hundred meters. In a conventional airplane made of aluminum, it corresponds to 2400 m. Such comfortable conditions are created thanks to the elastic composite liner body.

Comfortable conditions for passengers in the turbulence zone are maintained by a smooth flight system, which is capable of suppressing the vertical oscillations of the aircraft. In a new fashion, the Boeing 787 has a supercharging system. Its installation made it possible to supply air to the cabin directly from the environment, and not from the engines, as it was in the previous models.