Bath oven made of brick by own hands: step by step instruction

The bath oven made of bricks, made by hand, will be both an ornament and a very qualitative source of heat. But there are a lot of options for creating such heating devices. The classic way is brickwork masonry . But this is quite difficult to do, because you need to have skills in stove craftsmanship. Much easier is to make a boiler of metal, install it in its place and brick it. On how to build a stove with your own hands, you can find out below. And also about how to make a heat exchanger and a tank for heating water.

Clay for masonry

The most important thing in carrying out masonry is a quality binder solution. The quality of your furnace depends on how good the clay is used in the work. You can divide it into three groups - normal, fat and lean. For the laying of the furnace, the first one is the most suitable, since it makes it possible to prepare the most qualitative solution. It will be so good that no cracks will appear in the joints during operation.

Do not forget that the furnace experiences enormous loads: it heats up to a high temperature, and then cools down, and sometimes to negative values. And if the quality of clay depends, if not all, then much. For example, a skinny will not give elastic seams. They will be very fragile, even with a small impact, the solution will simply crumble. And this is fraught with consequences - the penetration of carbon monoxide and smoke into the room. It's unlikely you'll like it.

How to check the properties of clay?

Before you build a stove with your own hands, you will need to pick up a good clay. And how to determine its properties, it is worth learning more. To begin with, you need to make a little solution for the sample: mix a kilogram of test clay with water. It is necessary to pour not more than half liter. Mix with your hands, thoroughly breaking all the pieces. After this solution, make balls with a diameter of 5 centimeters. Take two smooth plates, which flatten one of the balls.

You will get a kind of pancake, its diameter should be no more than ten centimeters. Allow all these blanks to dry for three to four days. After this time, see if any cracks appeared. If they take place, this indicates a high fat content of the clay. It is not necessary to hold the masonry with its application. A sign of lean clay is the destruction of balls after falling from a height of 70 cm. This also can not be used.

Preparation of clay

If you have a stock of lean and greasy clay, you can mix to achieve the desired parameter. If there is only fat, then you can dilute it with sand. The main thing is to continuously monitor the quality of the solution. And do not forget about the fact that the clay needs to be sifted so that garbage does not get into the solution. A sieve must be used for this purpose. Its cells should have a diameter of about three millimeters. Regardless of what projects of brick kilns you are going to embody, you need to stick to one parameter - the thickness of the seam should not be more than three millimeters.

The use of quarry, river or sea sand is allowed to dilute the greasy clay. The first, however, shows itself much better, since it allows to provide the best coupling during the laying of a brick oven. Like clay, sand is cleaned from foreign objects using a sieve with holes of one and a half millimeters. But it is better, if after sifting you also additionally wash this sand with sacking. Regardless of which plans for furnaces for the bath you plan to implement, the sifting of all materials for the solution must be done carefully.

Method of solution for masonry

First, soak the clay and let it stand for about three days. Note that the container in which it is produced must be completely sealed, without access of air from outside. When the clay has survived, it is necessary to knead the resulting solution to the desired consistency. For this, put on your feet good rubber boots and compact the mixture. It is allowed to add sand to achieve maximum uniformity. In order not to have in the mixture of large pieces of clay, check it with your hands, probing the resulting solution. If there are lumps, then break them or even throw them out of the container.

Achieving the right consistency

And for testing a simple spatula is needed. You type on it a little bit of the received solution. Notice how it flows down the metal. If it does not stick to the surface of the spatula, then it is already wonderful, the consistency is almost normal. If the clay solution is prepared correctly, then this amount of setting will not occur in more than five minutes. Fatiness can be easily determined using a wooden handle. Lower it into the mixture, then see how much solution it left. If a small amount, then the mixture is normal, it can be used for masonry. Repair of a brick oven is carried out with the help of a similar solution.

The 3x3.5 brick oven is ideal for a small bath

This is a simple design, you can do it yourself. The main thing in this case is the ability to hold brick masonry. First, it has very small dimensions, this bath furnace is made of bricks. You can make it with your own hands in a fairly short time. Secondly, it is very economical. Does not take up much space, does not interfere with visiting the bath. Pay attention only to the order of brick stoves, so as not to be mistaken in the construction.

Various schemes of brick kilns suggest the use of almost the same materials. So, you need casting, a door for an ash-pit, for a firebox, and also a brick. For this oven, the brand SHB-5, no more than fifty pieces, will do. Also need a solid brick for the chimney - about three hundred pieces. In the chimney to install valves. There are only two of them, type 3B-3.

Bricklaying

During the work, be sure that the seam is the same. So, when laying fireclay bricks adhere to the value of 4 mm. It is most optimal, since a large thickness of the seam is a high probability that cracks will begin to form. Do not forget about the strengthening of the furnace design - rows 6, 8 and 10 are reinforced. The material is either a metal tape or a mesh.

To increase the life of the combustion chamber of a bath furnace, it is better to use stainless steel for its production . Sheets should have a thickness of at least 4 mm. This is the optimal value, thicker steel to use does not make sense: it's enough to operate the furnace for several decades.

Need for a water tank

In stores you can find many kinds of metal tanks, which are installed on the stoves. You can use stand-alone - as heaters used TENs, which are powered from the AC mains. Yes, this design is very simple, allows you to quickly warm up the right amount of water, and do not need to dock with the stove. But there are drawbacks to it, especially if you heat the sauna with firewood.

In fact, a bath oven made of bricks with a water tank is a universal heater. And in the steam room the heat develops, and the water for the shower intake heats up. If you do not like the shower, you can use water for a font. That's only when designing such a furnace there are several questions, among which the main one is the volume of the tank. And with this parameter you need to understand at the design stage.

Tank selection

For the manufacture of tanks used as a simple metal, and heavy-duty cast iron. But the most suitable is stainless steel. Firstly, it is easy enough. Secondly, the price is acceptable. Third, durable. True, in comparison with the cast-iron resource of stainless steel is very small. Cast iron is a bad conductor of heat, which affects the usability of the tank. Water for a long time in it will be cooled. Rarely used cast-iron tanks for two reasons - high weight and high cost.

Therefore, preference is given to stainless steel, which has a long service life. And you can find even a ready tank at any enterprise. For a relatively low price, you can buy a tank with obsolete equipment. If there are no options, the tank is suitable for enameling tanks. At them, the truth, very bad quality - at small impact the enamel exfoliates. And then - rust, destruction, the appearance of holes through which the water will flow.

Calculation of the tank volume

This parameter should be chosen based on how many people will visit the bath at the same time. It is approximately to consider that for a normal rest for one person there will be enough 30 liters of hot water. If it is planned that a maximum of five people will be at the same time, the tank should have a capacity of 150 liters, not less. True, the bigger the tank, the more difficult it will be to mount it in the oven, so you need to look at all the options for installing it. A bath oven made of bricks with its own hands, which has a water tank in its design, is most suitable for small steam rooms - for two or three people.

The most suitable way is to install a brick oven with a built-in heat exchanger. Such a simple design will allow not only to warm up the water in the tank, but also to make the heating of the neighboring rooms. In other words, there are a lot of tank mounting options, you just need to choose the one that is suitable for your case. But do not forget that there are a lot of furnace options. For example, it is easier to make iron. Then, a brick is made with a sauna oven, which gives it an attractive exterior.

The most important thing for the furnace is the basis

This is nothing but a foundation for the furnace. The base must have certain dimensions - in length and width, more than the dimensions of the furnace at least 20 cm on each side. The depth of the base of the furnace should be the same as that of the base for the walls. Particular attention should be given to the mutual arrangement of the two foundations. They should not touch or connect. It is required to maintain a distance of 20-30 cm, so that the foundations can be seated by themselves, and not pull each other. Only in this case a bath oven made of bricks, built by itself, can serve a long time.

To make a foundation, you need to excavate a foundation pit. At the bottom of it you pour sand, water with water and tamp well. If necessary, at the edges, formwork is installed from the board or roofing material. Then make a lattice of reinforcement. You connect it with a wire, welding is strictly forbidden. Install the grate, now you can also pour concrete. Try to do everything in one set, so that the foundation is homogeneous. Constructions need time to allow the concrete to dry.

Iron stove for a bath, lined with bricks

Various drawings of furnaces for a bath can be found today. But you need to choose the one that fits perfectly. As already mentioned, a simple option is to make a stove out of metal. For this purpose, iron billets, welding, drill, and Bulgarian will be required. In other words, all the tools that can be required for working with metal. As a basis, you can use a small barrel. The main thing is that the thickness of the metal is sufficient, otherwise the walls will quickly burn out.

But even for such a furnace design it is necessary to make a qualitative foundation. Moreover, brick bricks will still be laid with bricks. Usually such false walls are covered with plaster. It is worth paying attention to the fact that you can not use cement for masonry and plastering. For this purpose a solution of clay is used, which was mentioned a little higher.

Do it yourself or order a building?

Of course, the sauna stove can not only please your eyes, but also your wallet. The fact is that you need a lot of materials and supplies for construction. But if you decide to use the services of a stove-maker, you will have to pay extra for his work. And the cost of the work of a qualified master is very high. A good brick oven, the price of material for the manufacture of which is 35 thousand rubles, will cost another 60 thousand - for the services of the company that is engaged in construction.

In other words, at least for 90 thousand rubles you will get an ideal oven for a bath. Any firm cares about its name, so the stove workers use only the best materials. It is worth noting that even a brick for construction has a price in the range of 20-100 rubles per unit. A casting of Russian production - in the range of 300-400 rubles. Foreign manufacturers also sell their goods at a price ten times higher. Proceeding from all that was said, we can conclude: the independent manufacture of the furnace takes away from you not very much. And in time - about one to two weeks, depending on the type of furnace.