Bashlyk: what is it, photo, value

No cloak, made in factory conditions, can replace this practical and convenient element of clothing. He has those functions that are not peculiar to any modern fashionable cloak and headdress. It was always noted by travelers, scientists, climbers, who ever visited the Caucasus.

Definition

Bashlyk - what is it? Depending on the belonging of the headgear of a particular nation and time, its forms have certain differences.

But in general, the hood is a warm hat made of cloth and representing the shape of an acute-angled hood with long ends, usually worn on top of the hat.

According to historical dictionaries, this kind of clothing has different definitions.
Usually in Turkic peoples this hood is pointed with long ends (blades), worn on top of the headdress, sewed from cloth or woolen fabric.

The meaning of the word "bashlyk"

Caucasian and Cossack bashlyk is usually sewn from thin cloth of white or black (less often red) color in the form of a square bag with 2 open sides and with long blades in the corners. The name of this clothing from the Turkic means "head", "on the head" or "at the head". Initially the bashlyk had a style without blades (often found on the images of Scythian vases).

Its name comes from the Turkish word "başlyk", "baş" is the head.

Bashlyk: photo, history, forms

It is the eastern origin of the bashlyk that is determined by the nature of the headgear finishes - embroidery of metallized threads, the presence of brushes and decorative cords. Formal bashlyk (military) looked stricter. Colored braid and skin laced the joints, emphasizing the simplicity of the form.

In Russia, the spread of the bashlyk was promoted by the Cossacks, in connection with the fact that some of them lived in close proximity to the Caucasian peoples. Thus, they borrowed from them the most practical elements of clothing (burka) for those conditions. Very fashionable and stylish hood was in the 1830s, when they began to wear a burnus (cloak with a hood).

In the army, the hood was introduced as one of the details of the form in 1862, and it was made of cloth woven from camel's wool, the color of wet sand. In the fleet they wore a black shroud. As a rule, it was worn at frosts more than 5 degrees and in summer to protect the back from the hot sun.

In 1863, the bashlyk was very popular and in great demand. What it is? It was the peak of fashion. They even began to wear on different festive events and balls. Festive bashlyks were sewed from red cloth, and everyday were dark shades or even black.

This garment was so convenient and practical in those times that it was introduced as a uniform even in other countries - Germany and France.

The ancient headdress of Vainakhs (Chechens and Ingushes)

Universal and simple hood. What is this for the peoples of the North Caucasus? This is the oldest headdress, which they had as part of a costume (both parade and road), with the name of the Turkic origin, which literally translates as "head" or "headband".

Bashlyk is an element of clothing widely distributed in Dagestan, Georgia, Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, etc. At one time it represented an inseparable part of the whole Vainakh costume. And he rushed in any weather, serving as an excellent protection against rain, snow and wind.

Often the shepherds used it as a bag for food, for carrying small lambs during the lambing period. During the sowing period, the tillers wore and used a bashlyk to carry the seeds.

In addition to everyday use, the bashlyk was also used as an ornament for the costume of men on a holiday. Luxurious bashlyk decorated the groom when he was traveling for the bride.

Wearing methods

Quite simple in the form of a hood. How to dress him? Strangely enough, there are many ways to wear it.

1. With a military (belt) belt worn on his shoulders, putting it over his overcoat. The hood was put on its back, and its ends, missed under the shoulder straps, were placed on the chest crosswise (right under the left) and plugged into the belt.

2. Without a belt, the combat end of the bashlyk was laid in front by a flat knot and gently plugged over the side of the overcoat between the buttons (3rd and 4th) or alternately (crosswise from front to back) and refueled under epaulettes.

3. When the bashlyk was just thrown over his neck, the cap, which was bent double, covered the back of the head, and the ends wrapped around the neck, and the collar did not rise.

4. When putting on the head, the cap was on the main headgear, and the ends wound around the raised collar.

So, we learned something about the bashlyk. What it is? This headpiece is very convenient and practical in all respects. At the present time, the bashlyk (at one time a popular and original element of urban clothing) has disappeared, for the reason that there are no skilled masters who are engaged in this business. Still, his elegant version is still used by amateur artists and professional dancers of the national ensembles of the Caucasus republics.