Why arthritis on the leg and how to treat it?

The word "lichen" in many causes unpleasant associations. Some people consider this disease to be very contagious, so they are afraid to stroke a dog or a cat that "must" necessarily be the distributors of such a terrible infection, and, of course, they avoid people who are marked with lichen on the leg, arm or other open areas of the body. In fact, in medicine, the term "lichen" is applied to a whole group of skin diseases, among which there are infectious, and there are quite harmless to others, for example, eczema or psoriasis, the cause of which can become a common allergy. But how to recognize, what exactly deprive on a leg or a hand at a number of the standing person? How can I determine what kind of rash has appeared on my body? What should I do with her and should I immediately run to the doctor? Let's try to understand.

Mechanism of rash appearance

Redness and rash, our skin responds to dozens of irritants - from an allergic reaction to anything before the introduction of pathological microorganisms into the body. The rash is primary, that is, appearing where there was nothing before, and a secondary rash, which is formed on the site of the primary in its further development. All diseases, the symptom of which is the appearance on the skin of itchy nodules, spots or papules, are called "lichen." On the leg, arm and other open areas of the body, such rashes give their owners not only physical suffering, but also moral problems, and a rash on the fingers or sole creates difficulties when walking and wearing shoes. There are many kinds of lichen. Not all of them are contagious, but each of them is dangerous for the patient. Appearing in one place, the rash can spread over the body, and its incessant itching lead to combs - open wide open for hundreds of germs. In addition, any rash may be a symptom of a disease of the internal organ, which must be identified. Therefore, if there is lichen on the leg or elsewhere, you need to contact a dermatologist to find out the etiology of the rash and correct its treatment.

Classification

Before thinking about how to treat lichen on the leg, you need to determine to what form it relates and what is caused. They say that the effectiveness of therapy depends on the right cause of the disease. For skin rashes, this is especially important, since their etiology is very different. To date, the following types of lichen are diagnosed:

- Cutting, or trichophytosis;

- also ringworm, but already microsporia;

- wetting;

- Shingles;

- scaly;

- Pink;

- multi-colored

- red flat;

- inguinal.

Let us consider them in more detail.

Trichophytia

This ailment has other names, such as dermatomycosis, dermatophytosis, scab, ringworm. On the leg or arm, it is rare and in most cases affects the scalp. Earlier this illness was treated with wax, tar or tar, but beforehand the patient was shaved head. Hence the name - Ringworm. Several types of pathogenic fungi parasitize on humans and animals. Some parasites settle only where hair extends massively (head, groin, armpits), while others prefer only limbs. It is possible to infect with ringworm from animals, and in these cases the pathogenesis of the disease will be heavier. The second source of the disease is a sick person. The ways of infection are the same as for all mycoses:

- common things (towels, clothes);

- Houseware;

Close intimate contact.

It is important to know how the ringworm on the leg looks. The photo above clearly shows that the rash with this disease has the appearance of red spots of circular shape. On the edges they are brighter, and in the center are lighter. In the patient, the rash causes severe itching. Sometimes the places of scratching become infected and purulent ulcers are formed.

Light forms of ringworm are treated locally, applying antifungal ointments "Miconazole" or "Clotrimazole" to the lesions and adjacent areas. In severe cases, designate inside the "Griseofulvin". If the source of infection was a pet, you need to vacuum collect all the hair, then carefully wash the room with water and bleach. Things of a sick person should be washed with fungicidal agents in very hot water.

Microsporia

This is another type of ringworm. It is caused by the fungus Microsporum, which affects any part of the body. It parasitizes on very many animals (dogs, cats, sheep, pigs, horses, rabbits, wild animals). A person becomes infected while caring for them. You can also get microsporia from a sick person, using only household items and clothes. To do this, it is enough to get hair, wool or flakes from infected skin areas on the skin, which can happen, for example, in a hairdresser's, or when using one with sick things. Microscopy or ringworm on the leg of a person has the form of clearly delineated peeling spots. If the disease has arisen on the head, in the beard, on the eyelashes or eyebrows, in the foci of damage, the hair breaks off, leaving a characteristic "hedgehog" (which is why it is called so-deprive the shearing). Spores of the fungus occupy the remains of hair, covering them with a peeling cover. It's hard to believe, but in our cosmic age very many, especially city residents, suffer from microsporia. If in winter such people manage to hide their problems from others, then in summer in the open areas of the body the rash is clearly visible, for example, herpes on the leg. Treatment of ailment in children or adults is in water procedures using antifungal cleansers. After this, the affected area and around it are applied antifungal ointments with ketoconazole.

Lishay multicolored

This type of disease has another, not such a sonorous name - lichen otrubrious. But the people dubbed this rash as a "sun fungus," as it shows well with sunburn. It causes multi-colored lichen one fungus, but it can be in three forms - oval, mycelial and round, passing one into another. The fungus parasitizes on any parts of the body, but the most common is the multicolored lichen on the leg. The photo clearly shows how the affected skin looks. In an unheated person, dark spots are clearly visible on it, but in the sun they become lighter than neighboring zones. So it turns out, because the fungus breaks the synthesis of melanin, which gives us a tan. Spots "created" by the fungus may eventually fuse or remain solitary. In both cases, peeling is observed on them. This disease is not contagious, because the fungus lives on the skin of almost every one of us. It becomes pathogenic under the following conditions:

- violations in the thyroid gland;

- Diseases of the digestive tract;

- weakening of immunity;

- a special composition of sweat;

- prolonged exposure to the sun;

- heavy fizgagruzki;

- increase in blood sugar;

- an overdose of corticosteroids;

Irradiation.

For an accurate diagnosis of varicoloured varicella use a Balzer test, a Wood lamp, skin scrapes.

Treatment is carried out with antifungal cleansers and ointments, for example, Nizoral, Fluconazole.

The lichen shingles

This disease is awarded to us by all the known herpes virus type 3, or chicken pox. In children who have recovered from it, the virus moves to nerve cells and sleeps there for decades. Under certain circumstances, he wakes up and exits through the axons. The exact mechanism of the process has not yet been clarified. Herpes can appear anywhere in the body, depending on where its axons will go. Shingles on the leg or other parts of the body initially looks like a cluster of pink, slightly swollen spots. In three, at most five days, they turn into erythematous papules, and a day or two into bubbles with a clear liquid. In the future, the bubbles dry up, leaving a crust behind them. The "wake up" virus is capable of:

- taking antibiotics, cytostatics, all drugs that depress the immune system;

- organ transplant;

- malignant tumors;

- bone marrow transplantation;

- stress;

- hypothermia;

- hyper-fatigue;

- age-related changes (more often people over 50 years old);

- Pregnancy.

Before the appearance of rashes, patients usually experience soreness and itching in those places where herpes will pop out, as well as some malaise. Her shingles on her leg can walk for about a month on her own, but to avoid complications, doctors recommend taking antiviral drugs, and with severe pain analgesics. Preventive measure against this disease is vaccination.

Pink lichen

This disease is non-contagious and appears as a complication of the common cold or flu. While it is not exactly determined what or who causes pink deprive. On the leg, arm or trunk (everywhere along the lines of the Langer), it looks like a group of pink oval spots with peeling in the center. The first manifestations in a person can begin either during the cold or after recovery. Treatment of pink lichen does not require, as it passes by itself, leaving no traces. Only if the patient experiences unbearable itch, doctors attribute antihistamines and antipruritic ointments.

Lisha Scaly

This is one of the most common and most unpleasant chronic skin diseases - psoriasis. He does not pose a danger to others, but a sick person brings a lot of trouble. Some sufferers with scaly lichen even need the help of a psychologist, so they lose self-esteem and quality of life because of this ailment.

As lichen on the leg or arm looks, there is no definite answer, because there are several types of psoriasis:

1. Plaque-shaped, or simple. Characterized by large inflamed spots, covered with gray-white scaly film. When it exfoliates, the skin beneath it begins to bleed.

2. Reverse. It occurs on bending surfaces, for example, in the knee area, and in all the folds - in the groin, under the arms, in women - under the breast. Has the appearance of inflamed red spots.

3. Teardrop-shaped. When it rashes similar to dewdrops or drops of dark red or purple.

4. Exudative. It has the form of blisters filled with exudate. At the same time, the skin in the area of inflammation is hot, red and very painful.

5. Eritodermic. It is characterized by very large inflamed spots, covering large areas of the body. In this case, the skin in the hearths can exfoliate, peel and itch.

6. Arthropathy. This type is characterized by inflammatory processes in the joints, which become very painful.

7. Psoriasis of the nails.

The causes of the appearance of psoriasis are not exactly established. There are only hypotheses according to which the disease occurs when the processes of growth and differentiation of cells are broken in the skin. Or when the process of producing autoimmune bodies is disrupted.

Contribute to the development of psoriasis skin trauma, some detergents, work with chemicals, allergies, nervous disorders.

Being a serious chronic disease, psoriasis requires complex treatment methods, the basis of which is to take medications that improve all processes in the skin, including control of T cells. Also, in the treatment of topical use of ointments, herbal medicine, physiotherapy procedures.

Lichen moist

In other words, it's eczema. It can be acute and chronic. Not being contagious, the rash with this disease looks very unpleasant. It can appear on any parts of the body, but more often there is a mossing diarrhea on the leg or arm. The causes of eczema are unclear. Its appearance is facilitated by:

- weak immunity;

- Skin trauma;

- heredity;

- allergy;

- metabolic disease;

- diseases of very many internal organs;

- infections (viral, fungal);

- skin contact with toxic chemicals.

There are many forms of eczema. The most common (about 50% of cases) is true.

In an acute form of the disease, the rash can be on any part of the body. It has the appearance of small red pimples - microvesicles that can quickly open, forming multiple microerosions. In these places exudate is constantly allocated, which is why deprive and call it wet. When drying up, erosions form yellowish-brown crusts, but new acne can appear nearby, and the process repeats. In a chronic form in place of erosion, the skin becomes more dense, begins to peel off. The chronic course of the disease is again replaced by a sharp one, giving the patient physical suffering - itching, burning, high soreness of the affected areas of the skin.

The second place is occupied by microbial. Appears around wounds, scratches, and most often there is such a deprivation on the leg. Visually, it looks like sharply outlined inflamed foci with purulent crusts. Around them appear small pustules, there is peeling. All this occurs against a background of severe itching.

Quite often there is a moping lichen on the foot of a child. It looks the same as in adults, combining the signs of microbial and true forms. Causes of eczema in children:

- difficult pregnancy of mother;

- frequent acute respiratory infections, ARVI;

- breast-feeding;

- Diseases of the digestive tract;

- lack of hygiene;

Heredity.

In addition, there are varicose eczema, mycosis, seborrheic, and professional.

The treatment of each form is specific. Of the general methods can be identified the purpose of diet, painkillers, vitamins, and topically use ointments - antifungal, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory.

Red flat lichen on legs

This disease is an allergic skin reaction to irritants and can appear on the body and in the mouth. Its exact mechanism has not yet been established, but it is known that the risk factors are:

- some medicines;

- Diseases of internal organs, in the first place, liver, stomach, kidneys, pancreas;

- Nervous disorders;

- trauma of the skin and mucous membranes;

Weakening of immunity.

Red lichen can appear in several forms:

1. Typical. Symptom - flat spots of whitish-pearlescent shade. They are prone to merging with the formation of large plaques or mesh. After healing, pigmentation remains on the skin.

2. Hyperkeratical (lesions have clear keratinized borders).

3. Exudative-hyperemic. It is formed on the inflamed parts of the oral mucosa.

4. Erosive and ulcerative. Very severe form, often acts as a complication of the previous. On the skin and mucous form long healing ulcers of various shapes and sizes. They are covered with fibrous secretions, with the removal of which bleeding occurs.

5. Atrophic.

6. Bullous. Characterized by the formation of blisters, with the opening of which there are erosions. Red flat lichen can be treated with folk methods, such as compresses of broths of herb mullein, St. John's wort, sage, yarrow, willow bark, burdock, goldenrod. After the compresses, bandages are applied to the diseased area with sea buckthorn oil. There are several dozen recipes for the treatment of this disease, but before using them, you need to visit a dermatologist and find out the cause of your disease. It is likely that in parallel with external therapy will need to treat internal organs.

Ringworm between the legs

This fungal disease has a different name - inguinal epidermophyte. It can affect women and men. Ways of infecting household (use alone with a sick towel, clothes) and contact-sex. It appears an inguinal itch in the genital area and groin, a red-brown rash, peeling in affected areas. Without treatment, the rash passes to adjacent areas of the skin. If you find these symptoms, you need to see a doctor to clarify the appearance of the fungus that penetrated the skin and choose the right medicines. Treatment is carried out at home, mainly with the help of antifungal ointments. Sometimes the patient is prescribed antihistamines "Dimedrol", "Suprastin" and others.