As the adjective, the predicate, the pronoun, the subject, the numerative, the verb, the comparative turnover, the definition and the circumstance are emphasized. Supplement is emphasized?

Ask the question of emphasizing an adjective or a pronoun is possible only by mistake, and this article is just for those who are accustomed to clarity in all matters relating to literacy. Underlining the subordinate connections are formed, which form the members of the sentence among themselves, for example, the predicate and its complement. How is this or that word in the sentence? This is a more correct question, because it is not the word that actualizes itself, but its role in revealing the meaning. It is enough to divide the notion of a word as a participant of a concrete sentence and the concept of a word as a lexical unit of speech, and confusion with an emphasis will immediately disappear. Let's start with the proposal and its basis.

Members of the proposal, Forming a grammatical basis, and parts of speech expressing it

The grammatical basis includes the subject and the predicate, answering questions "who?", "What?" And "who does?", "What does?" respectively. The pronoun and the noun become subject more often than the adjective or numeral.

• Pronoun: " They built a snow fortress".
• Numeral: " Ten is multiplied by eight."
• Adjective: "The elder was in charge of order."
• Noun: " The staircase leads to the attic."

So, the first stage in the distribution of roles is the parsing of the sentence. Consider an example of how the subject in the sentence is stressed: "The birthdays of the year in the snow fortresses were asleep."

Sequence of parsing

Word	The grammatical basis	Group of people	Group of tales.	Addiction From members II level	Value	Part of speech	Answer to the question
Days	Subject matter	✓			subject	N.	what?
Births		✓			Determination of	N.	Of what?
of the year				✓	addition	N.	Of what?
In the fortresses			✓		circumstance	N.	Where?
Snowy				✓	Determination of	Adj.	What?
Slept	predicate	✓			act	Tale.	what they were doing?

As a result of the analysis, it becomes clear that the key feature that allows determining the type of underlining is the meaning of the word as a member of the sentence, and not its belonging to one or another part of the speech. The predicate is the verb prerogative. But it happens that a numeral, if it means an action, is emphasized by a double line, as the predicate is emphasized. It remains to emphasize the subject of one, the predicate Two features, the definition of a wavy line, a dot-dash circumstance, and a dotted dot addition.

The definition of the role of a word in a sentence. Levels and circuits of subordinate communication

A pronoun can be a member of the main (subject) and secondary (complement or circumstance). In the role of the subject, the pronoun is underlined by one line, in the role of the complement - by a dotted line; As part of the circumstances - a dot-dash. Not words are emphasized as parts of speech, but words as members of a sentence. In the analysis of the sentence, the key points are the search for a grammatical basis and the establishment of a schema of subordinate communication by means of questions addressed to each word, in the sense that follows the basis. Combinations of the "birth of the year"; "In the fortresses of the snow" are emphasized by the dotted line and the wavy line, respectively, as secondary members are emphasized. In the analyzed sentence, the grammatical basis - "days were asleep":

1. The first level of subordination: "days" what? And "slept" where? ("Birthdays", "sleeping in fortresses").
2. The second level of communication: "birth" of what? And "in the fortresses" of what? ("Birth of the year", "in the fortresses of the snow").

The word as part of speech and as a member of the sentence. Parts of speech in the role of predicates. Numeral in the sentence. The functions of the adjective and the subject, expressed by the numeral

How to distinguish a verb-predicate and a verb-complement? What is the difference between the numerator and the subject of the numerative definition? What are the functions of the sentence in the adjective? Such questions are already associated with the role of the word in the sentence. The verb in the grammatical framework is a predicate and is emphasized by a double line. Very pronounced ambiguity in the adjective, and if you do not ask yourself another ill-posed question from the series "how the adjective is emphasized," and try to analyze its role in the sentence, you can emphasize its role:

• Wavy line as a definition: "songs are joyful, sonorous, merry";
• Dot-dash (addition of circumstance): "gloomy gray morning";
• A solid line as a subject, if the adjective means a proper name or a common name: "Fierce did not know the mercy"; "Brown liked honey, vegetable food, and gray was a predator." The adjective in the meaning of the noun is called substantive, that is, revealing the "substance", the essence of the object.

Numerals represent:

• Subject: "one thousand is not worth it alone" (type of underscore - one feature);
• The nominal part of the predicate: "five eight - forty" (double line);
• Definition: "the first holiday of the year" (wavy line);
• Addition: "one hundred is divided into five, four" (dotted line);
• Circumstance: "when you are nineteen" (dot-dash).

Solving the question of how the numerals are emphasized, it is necessary Determine its value and the level of subordination.

Questions to the members of the sentence and part of the speech with which they are expressed. Types of underscores

The circumstance explains, and the supplement spreads the predicate, the definition specifies the subject. According to the law of management, the subject influences the predicate, the addition and circumstance obey the predicate. Thus, the definition and circumstance refer to different grammatical groups - subject and predicate. Secondary Members:

• Groups of subject - definition;
• Groups of the predicate - addition, circumstance.

As the definition and circumstance are underlined, we will consider after we get acquainted with the supplement. An appendix denotes an object transmitted by a noun or pronoun:

Questions to add

Case	Issues	Addition
The genus. P.	Who, what?	No one had such a beautiful doll .
Dates. P.	To whom; to what?	Soshu I doll dress.
Vin. P.	Whom, what?	Dad gave me a doll .
TV. P.	By whom, than?	You can play with the doll .
Proposal P.	About who about what?	Just talk about that new doll .

The dashed line is formed any noun and pronoun as a complement. Let's try to replace the word "doll" with a pronoun: "Only talk about it."

The management model and grammatical features of the supplement. As the pronoun is emphasized. The communicative role of the supplement. Structural features

Grammatical signs of the addition - its manageability in terms of morphology and syntax. In order to determine the type of underlining of the supplement, it is enough to see the first two levels of the hierarchical proposal model. The main informative function of the supplement is to show the capabilities of the predicate, the set of its meanings. The main communicative role of the complement is to be a component of the message's purpose. One grammatical basis can include several additions. The structure of the complement can be simple, analytical (including composite), combined single and complex single.

A simple addition is expressed:

• A pronoun: "I meet her" (as the pronoun in the role of each member of the sentence is underlined, we have already figured out).
• In his own words: "The boss summoned Petrov."
• Syntactically, the whole combination: "Zadornov funny ridiculed the United States."
• A nominal noun with the definition: "Slept a great original."

Structural features of analytical, combined and complex additions. Direct addition

The analytical addition is expressed by:

• A combination of "official word + significant addition": "I hope for success";
• A combination of "semi-service word + full-valued": "the fact of non-involvement", "grade of wine";
• Phraseological combination: "the conflagration is overgrown with Ivan-da-marya".

The combined single addition is expressed by:

• Two morphological additions: "he gave me a ring"; "Asked for hands and hearts."
• Composed wording of two or more additions: "Sherochka with Masheroshka - a couple do not spill water"; (Before the subject is underlined, the predicate expressed by the noun is determined).
• A quantitative group: "spent so much time"; "Serve a glass of water"; "Love of the three oranges."

A complex single addition is expressed:

• Group "noun + infinitive + adverb": "ask the insolent to get out";
• A group of disparate nouns, pronouns: "he considered the king a tyrant"; "They called her a sorceress";
• Additional clause: "I believed that everything would go well" (he believed what, in what?).

A single predicate may include several additions that respect a certain hierarchy among themselves. The main addition takes a direct position relative to the predicate, determined by the role case or the sequence. The remaining additions are considered indirect. When analyzing a sentence with a complex single complement, it is necessary to distinguish how the verb of the infinitive form is emphasized as a complement (dotted line) and how - in the role of the predicate (double bar).

The function of the definition and the questions to which it answers. Parts of speech that express the definition

The definition indicates the feature of the object

Parts of speech	Examples of definitions
noun	The river (which?) The Volga has always attracted tourists.
adjective	The majestic (what?) Monument "Motherland Calls!" Is the emblem of Volgograd.
adverb	The answer (what?) Is at times more accurate than profound conclusions.
participle	The unbeliever (what?) Thomas is one of the biblical characters.
participial	The messenger (what?), Exhausted from the long run , fell before the king.
Phraseological turnover	The hero (what?) From a pot of half a quarter did not get embarrassed at all.
infinitive	Time (what?) To harvest.

After checking, the question "attracted" ( how? ) Emphasizes the predicate "attracted" by a double line and only then is emphasized with a dash-dot "adverb" always. Questions like ?, which? Determine the level of non-core members. Circumstances explain the reason, indicate the place, explain the goal, set the time, characterize the target versions of the predicate, the direction of the actions. Expressed by a noun, adverb or pronoun, underlined by a dot-dash (dot-dash). The word "Volga", like definitions in italics in each example, is underlined by a wavy line. Each of these definitions extends the concept of the quality of the subject, but in general they are completely different parts of speech or speech.

Questions that establish a feature of the circumstances. The management model and case control. How is the comparative turnover emphasized?

Circumstances and questions to which they respond

Types of circumstances	Issues	Examples
Image The action to be performed	How, how?	Take care of your honor in youth.
Places	Where, where, where?	Because of the mountains, Uncle Yegor is traveling.
Time	When, for how long, since when, until when?	And we saw each other off to the third cocks.
causes	Why, why?	Because you just smiled at me.
Objectives	Why, why, for what purpose?	Learn how the circumstance is emphasized.

The model of circumstance management reflects:

• Its syntactic dependence on the predicate with reliance on the case;
• Lexical connection of the control word and circumstance.

An analysis based on case control helps to more accurately establish the role of a secondary member: "Tanya was walking fast." Here "rapid steps" is equivalent to the concept of "fast", hence, is a circumstance (how?), And not an addition (than?). At the initial analysis, the phrase "quick steps" is emphasized with a dash-dot. The lexical connection is more associative, it helps to find exact combinations of words, guided by the style of presentation, special terminology, personal active vocabulary. The most characteristic methods of composing word combinations are the methods of contrasting, juxtaposition, identity and homogeneity.

Principles and signs of homogeneity. Homogeneous terms of the sentence

Homogeneous members can become:

• Common: "Vorobyshke winked, fell on one foot, worked as syncopation, in a word, boorish."
• Undistributed: "The lady tried on a shoe and was sad."

To understand the principle of homogeneity of the secondary members of the sentence, consider an example: "Here receive parcels and send letters. We forgot how nice it is to send and receive letters. How many unwritten, unheard, kind and beautiful words are stored in the memory of the soul! "

1. We single out the homogeneous terms:

• The circumstances of the predicate, expressed by the infinitive: receive and send ;
• The definitions of the subject, expressed by verbal adjectives: unwritten, unheard ;
• The definitions of the subject, expressed by the adjectives: good and beautiful .
• Two additions of one predicate, expressed by a noun: parcels, letters .

2. We group members according to the level of subordination with the main word according to the question to which they are equally responsible.

3. Establish their functions (the mode of action, attribute or distribution);

4. Determine how homogeneous terms are emphasized, and conclude that they are:

• Are the answer to one common question for them;
• Most often serve one member in the sentence;
• Transmit the value of the same member of the sentence;
• Underscore the same.

An exception is two circumstances of one predicate. This is sometimes different parts of the speech: "He walked slowly, slightly shuffling on the move."

• Went (how?) Slowly - an adverb in the role of the circumstances of time (underlined by a dash-dot-dash);
• Went (how?) Shuffling - giri from the verb "shuffle" in the role of the circumstances of the action (dot-dash).

Levels of subordination. Homogeneous and heterogeneous circumstances and definitions. Lexical units of the adjective

A group of homogeneous members:

• Uniform circumstances, regardless of lexical affiliation,
  Correspond to one question: " Despite the hard times, the wedding was strolled widely, into two villages, the bride and the groom." Walked (how?): Despite - a derivative excuse; Widely - an adverb; On two - numerals.
• Homogeneous series of members of different levels of subordination: " The moon came up and lit ( what? ) The whole forest , its pines, paths and hidden corners ." In the sentence there are a number of homogeneous predicates (the level of submission to the subject) and a number of additions to the second predicate (the level of subordination to the predicate).
• A predicate can be adjoined by more than one addition. As stressed, heterogeneous circumstances consider the subject from different angles: "The wedding was rustic in a merry way , in a town like manner ".
• Homogeneous definitions characterize the word according to one criterion: "The foliage blushed, it grew red in the sun".
• Inhomogeneous definitions are expressed by adjectives of different lexical categories (qualitative, possessive, relative): " expensive sable overseas jungle".

Kinds of turns. Comparative turnover

Comparative speed may mean:

• Sign: "Balda, his own head , rounded the butt around his finger" (Balda what? ).
• Circumstance: "He, like in a vicious circle , wandered in his memories" (wandered in what way? ).
• Addition: "Falling stone into the water " (fall like that? ).

In the role of circumstance, a verbal participle can act: "This admiration, coming back again and again , grew into a touching worship of the metaphor, in which the Russian language was famous." As the addition and circumstance is underlined, it is possible to define, starting from the predicate "outgrowing":

• Addition (underlined by the dotted line): (grew into what?) In worship ;
• Circumstance (underlined by a dot-dash): (outgrowing how?) Coming back .

Comparative turnover often appears as an amplification of the definition or circumstances: " light as a dream " (light "how much?"); " You only send for death " ("where?" In the sense of an excellent degree). In these examples The comparative revolution is emphasized by a wavy line as a definition ( as a dream ), a dot-dash as a circumstance ( after death ).

The unity of the declination of comparative turnover and complement - the object of comparison

The comparative turnover likens each other to phenomena or objects according to the common trait. Increasing or decreasing the value of the complement by means of comparative turnover requires declining and emphasizing it in the same way as the addition is emphasized. Definition The type of underlining sometimes requires not only an analysis of the proposal, but also an understanding of the subtext of the turnover. As a result of the comparison, the properties of the object under discussion become actualized: "Who will you become: the creator, the fire giving, or a little warm place on the Earth"? Here revolutions: "fire giving" and "warm" - additions to the word "creator", although they confront each other in value. Therefore, each of these parts of the phrase is emphasized by a dotted line.

Types of comparisons:

• With the help of unions , as if, as if, like : "cold as ice";
• With the instrumental of the noun: "scattered with beads ";
• Union, with compound nominal predicates: "My children are my strength and hope ";
• Denying: "grief is not a problem ."

Only the dominant member in the turnover decides how the comparative turnover as a whole is emphasized. This can be seen on the question to which he answers most accurately.

1. Turnover-determination, based on a noun in the name:

• Uncoordinated definition to the infinitive: "bristle like a beast" (how to bristle?).
• The agreed definition added to the reference word of the turnover itself: "He felt confident, happy, as if anew born person" (which?); "And even the poplar stood frozen, as if on duty on watch" (poplar what?).

2. Turnover is a circumstance based on a part of speech in the oblique case: "He sang a familiar song from childhood, deeply, seriously. How her father sang "(sang how, how?).

In contrast to the clause of the comparative proposal, this turnover does not contain a grammatical basis and does not assert anything by itself.

In which cases, the union "how" is underlined. The question "what"? Underlining alliances, particles, on-duty words in turns

1. The union "how" introduces a comparison element into the proposal.

2. Comparative circulation or subordinate clause of comparison with the union "as" is underscored by a wavy line, as a definition.

3. The union "how" can attach subordinate clauses of other types: "Look how the sea is calm today" (how calm = how much calmer);

4. Turnovers with the "how" union, in addition to comparison, bear the burden of supplementing the circumstances of the cause: "From the frost, as from a burn , the face burned":

• Circumstance - "burned (how?) As from a burn ";
• Addition - "burned (from what?) From frost to the degree of burn "; Comparative turnover is an identical addition; As the combination " from a frost " is underlined, so the turn " as from a burn " should be underlined also, - a dotted line.

5. The question "what?" Refers to the instrumental case, the complement responds to it: "What is the cause of such attention?" The pronoun "what" is emphasized by the dotted line.

6. If at first glance it is difficult to determine whether the comparative turnover belongs to a circumstance, it is replaced by the substantive noun or dialect - the meaning of the utterance should not be distorted.

7. It is necessary to pay attention to particles, conjunctions, words, peculiar to the turns ( just, absolutely, like, like, like ). Each of these elements helps to achieve a certain degree of comparison.

8. Together with the particle "not", the union "how" is emphasized by the members of the proposal, to which they refer.