Artesian well - what is it? The design and operation of an artesian well

If the country house is not connected to the central water supply or the owners are not satisfied with the water quality, then it is worthwhile to think about the presence of own well in the territory of the site.

Description of artesian well

If you will be equipped with an artesian well, what is it, you should definitely know before starting work. Well-equipped modern private houses are equipped with lawns, swimming pools, fountains, as well as greenhouses. All this involves consuming huge amounts of water every day. However, the central water supply is not always able to provide all these benefits with the right amount of life-giving liquid. This is why artesian wells are often built. Sometimes you can hear one more name of artesian wells - limestone aquifers, they are located at a depth of 40 to 200 meters. The central region of Russia today is well enough studied in the subsoil issues, as well as the depth of water occurrence in a certain area. That's why before starting work it is recommended to contact drilling experts who, using maps, can determine the line of occurrence of water with an accuracy of 20 meters.

Pros of having an artesian well on site

If you will be equipped with an artesian well, what is it, it is important to know. It is necessary to get acquainted with the advantages and peculiarities of such wells. Among the first can be identified the possibility to use uninterrupted water supply throughout the year. This is especially important for those people who have a large subsidiary farm. After all, it involves the need for a certain amount of water all year round. Among other things, the artesian well is an indispensable solution for a rural settlement, where the central water supply often freezes during the cold season. If the aquifer is located not deeper than 60 meters, the cost of the well is not too high.

The definition of a place for artesian wells

If an artesian well is bored, what it is, it is important to know before starting work. Such a well suggests the need for an initial location. As an ideal solution is the drilling around the house. If the layout of the well is carried out at the stage of construction of residential construction, then this issue will be solved quite simply. When the work is planned to be carried out in the territory where all the buildings and the main house already exist, then for the well construction it will be necessary to select a site, the size of which is 3 x 6 meters. It should be noted that it is necessary to ensure the arrival of heavy equipment, it is important to prepare a place for the installation of drilling equipment. In this case, no electrical wires should be placed above the platform. If an artesian well is bored, what it is, it is important to know before starting the manipulation. Such a well provides the equipment of a place for a sump, its dimensions should be equal to 1 x 1, 5 meters. There will be merged spent in the process of drilling water. The site must be electrified. As for the access road, its width should be 3 meters and not less.

Drilling specialist's recommendation

If an artesian well is to be drilled on the site, then after completion of work, it is necessary to leave the access roads free, they are necessary for possible repairs, in which you will certainly have to use the drilling machine.

Arrangement of artesian well

If it is a question of a classical design of a borehole in its structure there will be a trunk whose walls are strengthened by a casing. The latter should be made of galvanized or black metal. As the hole deepens during drilling, the casing must be extended, using a threaded connection or welding. In the inner space of the pipe, the wizard is lowered with a steel insert or a corresponding plastic element. After that, the pump is lowered, which is supplied with an outlet hose. The insert should be destroyed below the pipe location, this is because it is required for isolation from water.

Features of work

The design of artesian wells provides protection from surface water. For this, the gap formed by the pipes must be sealed. For this, a special compact clay is used. While all the outside space, which is located behind the casing, must necessarily be cemented. If this rule is observed, the well can be operated for half a century or more. In this case, water will not have a metallic taste, among other things, it will not contain all kinds of impurities.

Positive features of plastic pipes in the arrangement of the well

It is quite often that plastic pipes for artesian wells are used recently. This is because these products are not only environmentally friendly, but also strong enough. At work, pipes made of low-density polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride are used. These materials are not subjected to corrosion processes and do not decompose. The weight of such pipes is much smaller, whereas the cost is lower if compared with stainless products. For the reason that the pipes are light in weight, the design can be used without the risk of breaking material under its own weight. You can be sure that during the use of the well, leakproof threaded couplings will not be damaged.

Factors in favor of plastic pipes

If the depth of the well of artesian water is more significant, the whole process will be more expensive. However, you can save on pipes made of plastic. Although they have a lower cost, they do not deteriorate under the influence of aggressive environments, as is typical of steel pipes. If there is a need to repair the well, it will be much easier to replace plastic products than metallic ones. It is important to know that the use of plastic products without the presence of external steel fringing is unacceptable.

Recommendations for the effective operation of the well

In order to ensure uninterrupted supply of water, an artesian well must be properly operated. After commissioning, it is necessary to exclude the long inactivity of the well. This can affect performance. Thus, the well must be equipped with a lift, which is a pumping equipment. This is especially true for wells that have filters, as well as wells that take water from a sandy aquifer. If the well remains inactive for a long time, the horizon can drift. If the water has not been used for more than 1 month, then it is necessary to carry out a repeated trial-operation pumping, such manipulations are necessary until the water becomes transparent. It is worth remembering that before the start of work must be obtained permission for an artesian well. However, it is also important to properly use the well. After drilling, the mouth should be sealed and firmly closed. It is best to use a steel cover, which is strengthened by welding to the casing. If this rule is ignored, the well may be filled with debris and dirt. While the cleaning and restoration of the well is usually accompanied by a large cash outlay.

In some cases, recovery may not produce a positive result. This will lead to the fact that the well will fail. That is why if the well is sufficiently hermetically sealed, then its integrity must be checked from time to time, the owners of the territory themselves should do it.

What else you need to know about the documentation

The use of artesian wells does not mean that documentation can be lost. It should be stored permanently. If after several years of use there will be a need for repair and re-equipment, the documents will need to be presented. If you do not do this, you will need to do a lot of additional work. In some cases, there is no way to determine the method of restorative or repair manipulations without the presence of certain documents.

Work on the well during its operation

Before installing the water intake, the mouth must be opened by doing this in the presence of the representative of the organization that owns the well. Then the depth is measured. All these data are fixed by an act. Depending on the results, decisions are taken on pumping out or the impossibility of such manipulations. The pump base plate must be mounted on a concrete concrete base, otherwise vibration from the functioning equipment can cause sand to fill the well.

Conclusion

In the process of putting the well into operation, the pumping equipment should be operated with a minimum capacity, increasing gradually the withdrawal of the necessary water. The well should be used with a debit, which does not exceed the volumes prescribed by the drilling organization. You can find out these indicators in the passport to the well. That's why it's worth to treat the documentation with care, keeping it in the process of using the well.