Area and population of Pushkin. St. Petersburg, Pushkin

Until 1918, Pushkin was called Tsarskoe Selo, after that until 1937 - the Children's Village. It is a major center of scientific, tourist, military and industrial life. It is under the protection of UNESCO.

History of foundation

From 1609 to 1702 there lived a Swedish tycoon. His small estate was called Sarskoy Manor. It included a wooden house and buildings for economic purposes, a neat garden with two perpendicularly located paths dividing the territory into 4 squares.

The first mention of this village is contained in a document dating back to 1501. Then Peter I expelled the Swedish population and took possession of this land, handed it over to A. Menshikov. 13.06.1710 this item appears under the name of Tsarskoe Selo. He was presented to M. Skavronska, later to the wife of Emperor Catherine Alekseevna. This moment is considered the date of foundation of Pushkin. At that time he played the role of a country residence.

Object improvement

In the period 1718-1724 years. The construction of the palace and the surrounding buildings of subsidiary type was carried out. They were surrounded by the greenery of the picturesque garden. Between 1719 and 1722 years. Created 2 ponds on the terrace from the bottom.

For servants of the palace built a settlement nearby. In 1716, the Assumption Church appeared. The first street, which arose in 1720, is Sadovaya (formerly called the Antechamber). During the year 1721, Kuzminsky Sloboda was established. In it lived the peasant population of the province of Suzdal.

The oldest building made of stone, the church of Znamenskaya, was built in 1734. The city appeared here in 1808. A local museum-reserve became a monument of town-planning. The ensemble of the 18th-20th century, including the park and the palace of Ekaterininsky, as well as the adjacent buildings deserve no less attention.

Area, topography and climate

The area of the city of Pushkin is 201 square meters. Km. It is located in the territory of Prinevskaya lowland, to the left of the river. Not you. There are a variety of landscape forms: plains, ridges, terraces, valleys and hills. The forest arrays are mixed with agricultural land.

The city of Pushkin (St. Petersburg) is the site of the springs, providing food to ponds and streams. 350 million years ago (the Paleozoic) here was the sea. Until now, clay, sand, limestone, sandstones have been preserved. Their layer reaches 200 m and covers a crystalline diabase, gneiss, granite basement. The formation of the current relief was stimulated by a cover of ice (the Valdai glaciation, which occurred 12,000 years earlier).

When thawing occurred, the Littorin Sea appeared, whose depth was 8 m higher than the current one. 4000 years ago there was a low tide, and there was a river. The Neva is the result of post-glacial deposits. Throughout 2,5 thousand years, up to our days, changes in the relief were not noticed.

The local climate is characterized by moderation, humidity. It is a transitional between the continental and the sea. The summer does not last long, it is rarely the heat. Where the winter is longer, interrupted by thaws.

The transitional periods of spring and autumn are long, so that the average population is more used to locals. The temperature is above zero in the period from April to November. It is the coldest in February. The annual precipitation is 590 millimeters.

Atmospheric streams, as a rule, are clean and fresh, get here from the south, due to which the weather is mild. One air mass can quickly change to another. Cyclones are frequent. The sun is the least in November and January. In general, the climate here is quite comfortable for life.

Territorial division

In the center of Pushkin you can get to, if you move to the north-east of the park zone. In general, it is built up by buildings in 3-4 floors of stone. Most of them were built in the pre-revolutionary period.

The main historical area is Sofia. Next to it are st. Park and Sapper, highway Pavlovskoye and Krasnoselskoe. In Krasnosylke previously located Arakcheevka, Babolov and Sobolev - private areas of the city. Pushkin is a place, exploring which, you will stumble upon the colony of Friedenthal, which belonged to the Germans. A large number of high-rise buildings on the territory of the BAM. There was a private sector here. Also worthy of attention are the New Village and Belozeryka, Novoselki, grown up from the countryside. Another historical district is Kondakopshino. In addition, there are zones called Pavlovsk-2, Lesnoe (refers to the GPP), Novokondakopshino.

Many may be interested in the question of which index to use? G. Pushkin is divided into only 2 postal areas, so the branches accept letters on the requisites: 196601 or 196609.

National Features

A guide to the 19th century indicates that the population of Pushkin (St. Petersburg) was 15 thousand people. He was unlike other cities in terms of national composition.

Petty bourgeoisie, peasant people, clergy and merchants made up 7 thousand people. The remaining half consisted of military, courtiers, colonists. It was not just a quiet corner for life, but an important political point.

Local society had a special color. Many Petersburgers came here for 3 months and left the city. In 1939, in the Leningrad Region, as in the entire Soviet Union, a population census was conducted, according to the results of which it turned out that 17,711 Jews lived here. When the Germans occupied the city, they were almost completely destroyed.

Dynamics of population change

At the beginning of the 18th century the Sarskaya manor included more than 43 villages, 6 wastelands, peasant and Bobilsky yards. Over time, the population grew. During the reign of Peter I, 200 peasant families lived here.

The village included a church parable, a guard soldier and servants of the court. There were new villages, where there were 71 courtyards, consisting of settlers and 69 from the local population.

In 1732, conducted a census, according to the results of which there were 48 men. In the surrounding villages counted 105 Latvian households, in which the representatives of the strong and fair sex were in the ratio 336/343 respectively. In 1796, the Palace suburb included 779 buildings in which 2,8 thousand people lived. Sofia became the home for 1,6 thousand people. (146 dwellings).

In 1845, Colonel Zhukovsky made a report in which it was reported that together with the garrison the population was 121.94 thousand people. Of these, 9,066,000 men were men, 3,128,000 were women. Hundreds of families came here on summer vacation together with the yard. Also traveling to Tsarskoe Selo were workers (1-1,5 thousand people).

XX - the beginning of the XXI century

In 1909 there were 31,201 thousand people here. Of these, 2.8 thousand of the nobility, 309 - the clergy, 691 - citizens with honorary title, 241 - merchants, 2,505 thousand belonged to the petty bourgeois, 13,653 thousand - to the peasants, 52 - to the colonists, 8,169 thousand - to the servicemen , 1,369 thousand were retired. Foreigners with families - 237 people. The remaining population groups - 209 people.

The number of people increased, and already in a century there were 108.3 thousand people. Directly in the city of Pushkin lived 93.8 thousand people.

The territories of the Pavlovsk and Pushkin districts were united into a single administrative unit. In 2001, the total number of clean people amounted to 124,300 citizens.

In 2002, again carried out the calculation, which showed a total of 116,811 thousand (in the Pushkin region there were 100,097 thousand people). Of these, 56% were of working age. This was the moment of the first positive changes in the birth rate (it grew by 5%).

In the future, there was a positive population dynamics: 2003 - 84.6 thousand people, 2006 - 110.9 thousand people.

Closer to our days

The number of people living here has changed because of the rapid development of construction.

According to the data of 2008, 1,278 thousand people appeared, which exceeded the results of 2007. However, in order for the population of Pushkin to be properly reproduced, the indicator should have doubled. 285 people. Born out of wedlock unions. In 60% of cases, both parents applied for registration.

In 2009, 1471 a couple married union was concluded, and 742 - terminated.

There are more women than men. Of the total weight of their 54%, which is 4,5 thousand people. Exceeds the number of members of the stronger sex. Mostly these are people of incapable working age. Representatives of the fair sex live longer.

The population of Pushkin has an average age of 40 years. Based on the demographic and social indicators, we can talk about its aging. If the trend does not change, soon older citizens will make up a third of the total mass. In 2009, 19,316 foreigners became migrants . In search of work, 1377 people came here, 435 people got Russian citizenship.

Since 2012, there has been a steady increase in the number of people:

• In 2012 the population of Pushkin was 95.239 thousand people;
• 2013 - 97.34 thousand people;
• 2014 - 100.753 thousand people;
• 2015 - 101, 101 thousand people.

In 2016 the population of Pushkin is 102.729 thousand people. Of them able-bodied - 63%. 13% are still too young to work, 24% are already old.

Measures for social support

The regional and federal authorities face numerous challenges, as a result of which Russia (Pushkin, in particular) will be transformed in terms of demography. Considerable attention is paid to family issues, providing material assistance to parents.

Families are paid 15 different subsidies. Assistance is provided in keeping children in school. Organizations that are engaged in protecting the society, improving the quality of life, creating educational institutions, centers for improving health and sports are developing. Mass events are taking place, placing emphasis on the advantages of creating a family.

Many more problems remain unresolved. It is extremely important to address them as soon as possible in order to ensure the growth of the able-bodied population in which the city of Pushkin is in dire need (St. Petersburg). Social guarantees for families with children are important because of the growing number of older citizens. In this case, young couples will not be afraid of material difficulties, starting a child.