Modern trams in Moscow and St. Petersburg

Before we begin our story, let me digress a little from the topic and recall the literature, namely the work of the genius Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov. Let's move mentally to the alley in the Patriarch's Ponds and sit next to the shop where three enthusiastically conversing people took their places ... On the question of a strange alien about what Mikhail Berlioz intends to do this evening, the chairman of MASSOLIT replied that he was going to participate in the meeting.

, этого никак быть не может , — твердо возразил иностранец . " No , this can not be ," the foreigner said firmly .
Это почему ? " Why is that ?"
Потому , — ответил иностранец ... — что Аннушка уже купила подсолнечное масло , и не только купила , но даже и разлила . " Because ," replied the foreigner ... " that Annushka already bought sunflower oil , and not only bought it , but even poured it . что заседание не состоится ». So the meeting will not take place . "

Of course, Berlioz was impressed, but to understand why the notorious Annushka was involved, he could not. A couple of hours later, leaving Woland with his companion, the poet Bezdomny on the bench, Mikhail Alexandrovich went to meet his, as it later turned out, already a predetermined fate ... Thus began a whole series of incredible events, described in the unforgettable Bulgakov novel.

Today on Chistye Prudy you can meet an amazing tram, which bears the name of the clumsy Annushka, who played her fatal role. Modern trams that travel along the rails of Russia and the world undoubtedly bypass "Annushka" in speed and comfort, but considering the unusual transport, we are also paying attention to it.

Some specimens amaze with design, amazing engineering solutions, speed. Townspeople, who often use public transport, quickly get used to novelties, and sometimes it makes an indelible impression on tourists. What are they, modern trams? Are there any recognized leaders among them?

For those who do not like traffic jams

The problem of transport collapse today is relevant not only for megacities, but also for provincial small towns. At peak time, the roads are overloaded to such an extent that the inevitable occurrence of congestion. In different countries, this problem has always been tried in many different ways: looking for alternatives, building additional routes, trying to popularize public transport. The pioneer was the bus. However, soon it turned out that he gets into traffic jams at least "legkovushek." But the tram could get rid of such problems, because most of the roads lie along the roadway, not directly along it. Thus, the tram could easily pass by many kilometers of traffic jams, while trolley buses and buses took in them the same passive participation as cars.

This was the reason for modernization and development. In many countries of the world, the production of modern trams is making huge bets. Russia is in the circle of such countries, trying to develop its own production and partly buying transport abroad. Today, modern trams travel through many large cities of Russia.

The Path to Excellence

Once, small tram trailers were driven by horsepower, and the real ones. Even the song "High-speed tram" was packed with grateful passengers of horse carriages. Progress said its word, and the electric motor pushed the driver. At the end of the 19th century, the first electric trams appeared. They did not differ either in particular speed or comfort, and were eventually replaced by a more convenient transport - bus. In the Soviet Union it was customary to think that the tram theme had exhausted itself completely. By the end of the 20th century, this transport could be seen in many provincial towns and even regional centers, but even then there was a moral obsolescence. And in the West, meanwhile, there was a real tramway renaissance. For example, over the streets of New York in those days, a modern high-speed tram was already floating, which moved not on rails, but on a tight cable, like a funicular.

Russia once again paid close attention to this mode of movement at the beginning of the new century. Today the transport infrastructure is rapidly developing. For example, in Volgograd, the line of a modern high-speed tram passes underground as a subway. Magnitogorsk popularizes and improves the traditional tram. Peter has the largest network of roads in Russia and an impressive park. And along the streets of the capital, there are several comfortable trams that can compete for the title of the most modern in the world.

The problem of low sex

In the development of modern transport, the main problem for a long time was the design feature of the track, because of which the floor of the tram was quite high. This is not only a matter of passenger comfort, as it may seem at first glance. The presence of steps adversely affects the speed of landing and landing, especially delaying this factor of elderly people, citizens with luggage, children, people with disabilities. This overloads the network as a whole.

The designers tried to cope with the problem in many ways. But finally solve the issue allowed only a complete revision of the chassis. Some parts and assemblies were moved to the roof.

Polish trams "Pesah" - specially for Russia

A significant part of the new trams that now serve Russian roads are purchased abroad. The Polish factory PESA, located in Bydgoszcz, specially for Russia produces 3 models of trams: "Foxtrot", "Krakovyak" and "Jazz". In addition to conventional models with one cab, Poland also supplies shuttle services, which can travel both ways. Currently, the cooperation between the Polish manufacturer and the Ural plant is being established, at which new trams will soon be produced.

English R1

Gradually, the company develops its own production. The most modern tram, which will be serially produced in Russia for the domestic market, is called Russia One, or R1. It has two cabins, a low floor, a state-of-the-art futuristic design and a comfortable lounge. At present, Uralvagonzavod presented a prototype of a new transport, the conveyor will soon start working.

The manufacturer promises that the serial trams will differ from the prototype by no more than a few percent. Today, experts argue that the only drawback of developers is the small capacity of the cabin - comfortable chairs and sofas can accommodate only 28 people (sitting). But, perhaps, it is the increase in the number of seats and will thus be the difference between serial prototypes.

Modern trams of the capital

Tram depot of Moscow boasts several models of modern vehicles that are not inferior to the transport of Europe and the States. The modern tram in Moscow is not only a tribute to fashion, but also a measure that has been forced in connection with the transport collapse.

Along with the Polish trams along the streets of the capital, the transport that descended from the Uralvagonzavod conveyors rides. In early summer, the capital's park will be replenished with several new cars, and by the end of the year 120 modern domestic trams are planned to be delivered.

Municipal Transportation in St. Petersburg

The northern capital, rich in antiquities and historical monuments, is also famous for its attractions such as trams. According to Peter, they travel a lot, both ultra-new and vintage. Some serve only on sightseeing routes, they are tourists in the historical places of Northern Palmyra.

Noteworthy is the fact that a modern tram in St. Petersburg can be found not only in the center, but also on the outskirts. For example, the route number 56 runs along the southwestern outskirts. The transport made by the French company Alstom meets the most modern requirements and looks at the background of the St. Petersburg landscapes, like a space shuttle.

The most unusual trams on the roads of Russia and the world

In addition to the obvious function of transporting passengers, trams sometimes perform in completely unexpected roles. For example, in Milan you can visit the tram-sauna. Of course, this object does not roll around the city, but is installed permanently. In the Netherlands there is a tram-hotel, the trailers of which are converted into comfortable rooms. Hungary boasts the longest train in the world - its length reaches 52 meters.

Special attention should be given to trams and cafes. One of them has long attracted the attention of Lviv tourists. Well, "Annushka", unlike most similar establishments, does not collect dust in the park's comfort, but rolls along the route. His interior and menu, as one might expect, refer to the amazing world of Bulgakov's novels.