What is an abnormal situation? How to get out of it?

Any deviation from the routine and coherent (routine) management of a certain subdivision in absolutely any sphere of human activity can lead to the emergence of a situation called non-routine. Each unit should immediately notify the higher authorities of changes in the course of events adopted by the rules. All measures and actions that need to be taken in case of unusual situations, as a rule, are registered in the relevant service documents. But because of the difference in the spheres of human activity, the actions in the event of a malfunction in the system will also be different.

Definition

Any event that has resulted in negative consequences, affecting people working in a particular area, the organization itself, equipment, the produced product, the environment (this is an abnormal situation) provides for certain actions to get out of it. Today, experts in the field of computer technology are working hard to create and improve management programs for such situations.

At its core, this is a catastrophic event, causing a severe malfunction in the entire system, regardless of its profile. The reasons for which an abnormal situation may arise are different: from natural disasters to equipment damage. The occurrence of such events is influenced by factors of a different nature, depending on the person and completely independent, which are difficult to foresee and difficult to influence.

Learning situations

At every enterprise and in any organizational structure, a typical emergency situation, its causes and all preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of malfunctions in the system should be modeled and worked out.

The lack of such planning and exercises can lead to greater risks, related not only to economic losses, but also to human casualties. The company must necessarily develop a plan for emergency situations, repair of system damage, and employees must receive certain skills and qualifications.

Another important point - no matter what emerges a contingency situation, people should not panic and must remember that human life is the greatest value.

Sources of occurrence

Conditionally, the situations that derive from the usual course of events can be divided according to the origin of the occurrence on:

• Caused by natural disasters, the environment (ice, fog, etc.);
• Caused by changes in street traffic (destruction of coverings, extraneous objects that have fallen on the roadway, construction and repair work connected with the carriageway);
• Caused by a malfunction in the operation of technical means;
• Caused by accidents of road traffic, shipping, air;
• Caused by the human factor;
• Caused by force majeure circumstances that could not be prevented or anticipated.

What abnormal situations at work can arise?

In fact, the question is not easy. The fact is that all work is different, and it is necessary to speak specifically about cases of violation of the normal working rhythm for each type of activity. There are no general instructions. They, as was said above, should be developed by the relevant bodies of certain organizations.

It's one thing, for example, the situation in the air when performing a parachute jump, the other is an emergency landing of an airplane. There are situations of sudden failure of automated systems, computer systems, hacker attacks. All these are different situations.

There is a conflict situation in the store, there are strikes by the firm's staff, and there are large-scale protests. There are a lot of situations that violate the planned course of events. They are different and require separate consideration.

Special position

If an abnormal situation arises in the process of working on a project, an operational control group is created, consisting of the participants in the management. This group includes representatives of all areas of the project.

At one time in the Soviet Union seriously raised the issue of preparing entire units for rescue operations in the event of abnormal situations, when weapons of mass destruction were used.

The participation of various units, funds and forces in the liquidation of the consequences in the Chernobyl disaster confirmed the need for the training of special units and the civilian population for the emergence of such situations. Today a new threat has arisen, which is being discussed throughout the world - terrorism. He is able to change the course of events at any hour and in any place. And we are taught today to be ready for such turns.

Going out into space

Unique in its way is an abnormal situation in space, where cosmonauts are in a certain sense alone, and help from Earth is a big question. For example, on March 18, 1965, Alexei Leonov and Pavel Belyaev encountered incredible irregularities that seemed even unsolvable.

Leonov was the first in the world to go out into space. He took this bold step, but he and his partner had to risk five times. If it were not for the psychological preparation of the cosmonauts and the ability to take responsibility for the decisions made, it might all have ended tragically.

To find a way out of abnormal situations, you need to have certain skills and special knowledge. But an important factor is the intuitive ability to make the right choice. Obligatory quality is responsibility.

Instinct to life

The example of the cosmonauts Leonov and Belyaev demonstrates perfectly the behavior that is necessary in any situation that is out of control. Surprisingly, even on earth training, Leonov began to suffocate in the pressure chamber, but the tandem Leonov-Belyaev did not break, and they together went to outer space.

They almost fell under the lethal dose of solar radiation, then Leonov almost returned to the ship, the suit was swollen, the cosmonaut had to violate the instructions, but in this way life was saved. The ship received an excessive dose of oxygen, with which the cosmonauts too hard, but coped. And finally, "Sunrise" had to be planted manually, as the automated system failed. It seemed that everything was against, but the cosmonauts coped, even acting sometimes not according to instructions. Apparently, the life instinct was stronger. Plus psychological stability, experience and professionalism.