Application and action of "Cefotaxime". "Cefotaxime": an analogue of the preparation

The antibiotic "Cefotaxime" is a strong drug intended for the treatment of infectious diseases and the prevention of postoperative complications. The drug is injected into the body, it is often prescribed to both adults and children. It is a semisynthetic antibiotic with the active substance sefotaksim sodium.

pharmachologic effect

"Cefotaxime" is a representative of the cephalosporin series, the bactericidal action of which is provided by suppressing the formation of bacterial cell walls.

The antimicrobial is intended for parenteral use, is effective when exposed to gram-negative bacteria resistant to the action of other antibiotics, is capable of affecting gram-positive cocci, but less actively than gram-negative bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics

The drug is rapidly absorbed, depending on the dosage it appears in the plasma in five minutes or half an hour after the injection, and retains the bactericidal concentration in the blood for longer than 12 hours. The drug, getting into tissues and liquids, is distributed well in them. When used during lactation, the drug can penetrate into breast milk. The maximum effect of "Cefotaxime" is achieved at its effective concentrations in synovial, peritoneal and pleural fluids. Excretion is carried out unchanged together with urine (about 60%), and in the form of metabolites. For half-life as a result of the / m and / in the introduction it takes 1 hour.

Indications for use of the medicinal product

Indications for the prescription of the medicine are infections of an infectious nature, provoked by microorganisms that differ sensitivity to "Cefotaxime" (mostly gram-negative). Only "Cefotaxime" injections are available, there are no analogues in tablets, the drug is used when identifying such conditions:

• Infections affecting the abdominal cavity;
• Lesions of the skin, joints, soft tissues and bones;
• Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, nose, throat, ears;
• Infections affecting the urinary system;
• Lyme disease;
• Inflammatory processes of infectious nature in the organs of the small pelvis, gonorrhea;
• Burns, infected wounds;
• Meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia;
• Infectious lesions against the background of immunodeficiency;
• Prevention of infectious diseases after surgical interventions (surgeries on the digestive tract, obstetric-gynecological and urological interventions).

Contraindications

"Cefotaxime", analogs in pricks have some contraindications, which must be taken into account before the administration of the drug.

The drug is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to penicillins, carbapenems and other cephalosporins. It is prescribed with caution in diseases of the liver and kidneys, nonspecific ulcerative colitis, during lactation. Pregnant women are prescribed only if there is no great risk to the fetus, or the potential benefit for the mother's organism is significantly greater than the possible risks. When used in relation to children under the age of 2.5 years, the method of intramuscular injection is prohibited.

Application of the drug, dosage

To know how to grow "Cefotaxime", you need to read the information specified in the instructions for use of the drug. The drug is intended for in / m and / in the introduction (using a dropper or jet).

The drug is prescribed for patients over 12 years of age, when the body weight is more than 50 kilograms:

• With infectious diseases of the urinary tract and in those cases when the infection proceeds without complications, the body by any available method provides 1 g of the drug with a periodicity of 8-12 hours;
• With uncomplicated gonorrhea acute form, 1 g of the drug is administered intramuscularly once;
• When using the drug for the treatment of infectious diseases, the severity of which is average, any of the possible ways introduce 1-2 g of the drug at a frequency of 12 hours (before you dilute "Cefotaxime, you need to carefully study the rules for preparing solutions for injection) ;
• Severe infections, for example, meningitis, require the introduction of 2 g of the drug in a vein at a frequency of 4-8 hours, with a maximum dose per day can not be more than 12 g; The duration of the course of treatment is determined by the severity of the condition;
• Before surgery during anesthesia, in order to exclude the possibility of developing an infectious process, 1 g of the drug is injected, in some cases, repeated administration of the drug occurs in 6-12 hours;
• Caesarean section is performed with the introduction of 1 g of "Cefotaxime", later the procedure is repeated.

The drug is also used intravenously in relation to preterm infants and newborns:

• Age less than 1 week - apply 50 mg per 1 kg of weight, with a periodicity of 12 hours;
• Age from 1 to 4 weeks - 50 mg per 1 kg of weight with a periodicity of 8 hours.

Children weighing less than 50 kilograms at the age of 2.5 years are prescribed 4-6 injections with one of the possible methods of 50-180 mg per each kilogram of body weight (to understand how to "cefotaxime" dilute with novocaine, you must carefully read the instructions) . If a severe course of the disease is observed, 100-200 mg / kg is used. In a day, it is permissible to take up to 12 g of the drug.

Preparation of solutions for injections

Intravenous injection

In sterile water for injection (4 ml), 1 g of the drug is diluted. The solution is administered for 3-5 minutes, it is important to ensure its slow entry into the body.

Intravenous infusion (drop introduction)

In 50-100 ml of a solvent (5% or 5% dextrose solution or 0.9% sodium chloride) 1-2 g of the drug is diluted and infused for 50-60 minutes.

Intramuscular administration

On 4 ml of solution (1% solution of novocaine, water for injection) take 1 g of medicine, inject into the buttock, the needle must go deep into the muscle.

Observe special instructions when using the drug

"Cefotaxime", analogues in tablets for which are not produced, are used with special instructions. Before using the medicine, you must exclude the possibility of allergies. Patients who are allergic to penicillins, the drug should be used with extreme caution. If the sensitivity of the organism to the substances contained in the drug is noted, its use is stopped. In the treatment of more than 10 days, a periodic check of peripheral blood circulation is required. To exclude unwanted reactions, during the treatment should give up alcohol.

Overdose, side effects

"Cefotaxime", analogues in suspension have a large number of side effects:

• Allergic manifestations (urticaria, pruritus, rash, fever, chills, bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, eosinophilia, angioedema, Lyell and Stevens-Johnson syndromes );
• Digestive disorders (pain in the abdomen, dysbiosis, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, liver disorders, in rare cases - pseudomembranous colitis);
• Glossitis, stomatitis;
• Disorders in the hemopoietic system (hypocoagulation, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, neutropenia, leukopenia);
• Disorders of the functions of urinary organs (interstitial nephritis, anuria, oliguria, azotemia, high urea level in the blood);
• Dizziness, headache;
• Negative processes in the cardiovascular system (arrhythmias that pose a potential threat to life);
• Local adverse reactions (infiltration, pain with / m, phlebitis);
• Changes in laboratory indicators (false-positive Coombs reaction);
• Superinfection (oral candidiasis, candidal vaginitis).

"Cefotaxime", an analogue of the drug when used in large doses, can lead to an overdose accompanied by convulsions and other symptoms, including excitability, tremor, and encephalopathy (especially this symptom is observed in persons suffering from kidney failure). Symptomatic therapy is used to eliminate the effects of overdose.

Interaction of the drug with other drugs

If you need to find a remedy with a composition that is similar to the composition of the "Cefotaxime" remedy, it is not difficult to find an analogue. But regardless of what medication is used for the therapy, using an analog or an original, in any case, it is necessary to take into account the interaction of the drug with other medicines.

When "Cefotaxime" is used concomitantly with potentially nephrotoxic drugs such as furosemide, aminoglycoside antibiotics, it is very important to observe the functioning of the kidneys because there is a risk of nephrotic exposure.

To treat many infections and prevent their development, "Cefotaxime" is often used. Instructions for use, analogues of the drug must necessarily be studied, since this agent can cause allergies, has a lot of side effects and other features. Drug solutions should not be used together with solutions of other antibiotics, they can not be combined in a dropper and syringe.

Analogues

For the "Cefotaxime" agent, the analogue should be selected according to the active substance. From structural analogues it is possible to allocate:

• Cefotaxime sodium salt;
• Cefotaxime vial, sandoz, sodium and lek;
• Cefosine;
• Cefanthral;
• Cefabol;
• Cetax;
• Tirotax;
• Tarcephoxime;
• Taltsef;
• Tax-of-bid;
• Spirozine;
• Resilibalact;
• Oritaxim;
• Oritax;
• Lyophane;
• Clafotaxime;
• Claforan;
• Clafhorn;
• Kefotex;
• Intataxime.

Since there is a wide choice of means for the preparation "Cefotaxime", it is not difficult to choose an analogue, but since analogues can have other side effects, and their therapeutic effect may be weaker, the replacement of the original drug should be carefully selected. To avoid undesirable consequences, you should find out the maximum information about the medicines that are planned to be used.