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Alkyd varnish: types of alkyd mixtures and application features

With the help of varnishes it is possible to create reliable protection for wooden coatings, and they also give the products an attractive and very colorful appearance. In their composition - a lot of different substances that protect the surface from the negative effects of acids and alkalis. Also they do not allow to develop on wooden surfaces of mold and mushrooms.

Varnishes are widely used for various surfaces, but most often they are covered by wooden surfaces. Today, one of the most popular and affordable mixtures is alkyd lacquer. The product is characterized by high performance and excellent for wood.

What it is?

Alkyd-based varnishes are solutions of various synthetic alkyd resins in solvents of organic origin. Among the properties are excellent adhesion and high water resistance.

After drying, these products provide a durable, transparent and incredibly hard coating. It is believed that the alkyd varnish dries up for a long time. However, modern products, in which special additives are used, the time for complete drying significantly reduced.

Features

After the final hardening, alkyd mixtures are transformed into a coating with a glossy sheen. The material, which is covered with a layer of such varnish, will be reliably protected from completely any stimuli. The use of alkyd mixtures is very simple - the alkyd base coat is thick enough, spreads well over the surface and creates a dense film. The film can be matte or glossy.

Often, these compounds are most often used for finishing wood products. It can be pine, spruce, oak. Also often these compounds are covered with floors. Most of those who buy them, use it for processing a wooden floor or parquet.

Composition

The composition of the product necessarily contains alkyd resin as a base. Obtain it most often from natural materials - linseed oil or wood. The second most important component is organic solvents. Also in the composition can be found various fatty acids.

When the alkyd varnish for wood is absorbed into the porous structure, then through these solvents the penetrating power increases. The product is absorbed deep enough and can successfully emphasize the beauty of the wood.

Due to these features, alkyd compounds are widely used in finishing works inside and out. Parquet varnishes allow you to change the appearance of the floors almost beyond recognition. With the help of such mixtures it is possible to obtain deeper colors of all shades, thereby emphasizing a special parquet texture.

Characteristics of alkyd compounds

These compounds do not have competitors in stability before sharp temperature changes. Also, such a tree is not affected by a change in humidity levels. Do not be afraid of coating based on these varnishes and various vibrational loads.

The substance completely lacks the adhesive properties inherent in other paint and varnish products. After the mixture has been applied, the product will become absorbed into the wood, and not in the cracks in the floor. This property allows you to forget about the creaking of floorboards and various noises - this affects the water-soluble varnishes.

Suitable surfaces

Any alkyd varnish is suitable for end-face parquet. You can also safely use such products for heated floors, floating floors, any wooden products and floors. There is no better means for parquet, which is made of capricious breeds, which instantly react to any changes in the climate.

disadvantages

Speaking about the advantages, do not forget about the shortcomings that have an alkyd varnish. Reviews about the disadvantages are mainly due to the long drying process. On average, it takes more than a day. That's why immediately after the application of the layer you need to open the windows. Reviews say that this will greatly speed up the process.

Another disadvantage is wrinkling, if in the process of applying the master put a too thick layer. Ideal coverage will be obtained if no more than 120 g of product is used per 1 m 2 .

As for wear resistance, it is not high for wooden coatings. In addition, the service life of the coating based on alkyd varnish is only 2-3 years. Therefore, most often it is not used for sex, but for working on furniture or walls.

The latest production technologies

Very popular in the whole world market of paint and varnish products was urethane-alkyd varnish. It is a modified composition that is characterized by higher performance characteristics. The manufacturing technology is based on the process of uralkid synthesis. During the synthesis, the components are bound with special polyurethanes.

The effect of this modification is very high. Thanks to polyurethanes, the drying time has been significantly reduced. Now it is 12 hours. The price of these products practically does not differ from the cost of the most ordinary alkyd analogues.

Alkyd Lacquer Matt

Such compositions are divided into matte and glossy, although the division is rather conditional. The matte mixture gives a non-reflective surface. It is less dirty, there is no dust on it. The choice of a particular model is only a matter of taste. The chemical composition and characteristics of this product is no different from gloss.

Popular brands

One of the very first alkyd-based compounds that was produced in Russia is the alkyd varnish PF-231. This product is perfectly applied to any type of surface. The film of this tool has a fairly neat appearance. This is the main advantage of this brand. But also this product has its drawbacks. This is not a hard enough coating, which simply physically can not last more than 2-3 years on wooden floors. On any other surfaces, the shelf life of the coating is much higher.

MCH-0163 - two-component composition based on varnish for parquet and special acid hardener. If you compare this tool with PF-231, then there are much better characteristics. Among the features and advantages - a higher resistance to moisture, resistance to abrasion. Among the shortcomings - a weak effect on direct sunlight, resulting in a darker surface. Also, the film does not have sufficient elasticity. The smell is very sharp.

EP-2146 is a one-component alkyd varnish with higher characteristics than other brands. As a modifying component, an epoxy resin is used here. This brand is characterized by high characteristics of hardness, moisture resistance, resistance to abrasive action. Among the possible applications are parquet alkyd lacquer. You can also use the product to finish various wooden materials.

Effects of alkyd varnishes

In order to obtain the most high-quality surface, it is necessary to apply the composition in several layers. More often - in 2-3. In this case, each layer is stacked only after the previous one has completely withered. The flow rate should be approximately 75 grams per square meter. The use of such paint products in a higher volume will not give the surface quality - the strength and hardening time will decrease.

As a solvent for these varnishes, white spirit is used. After the composition is applied to the surface, the solvent will immediately begin to evaporate. When all the white spirit has evaporated, the polymerization processes are activated . This reaction takes place through the nature of the chemical bonds in the molecules of the resins.

At first, the consistency of the film will resemble something like glue. Then after 9-12 hours at room temperature and humidity, the surface will start to solidify. The thickness in the process of solidification may slightly decrease. It depends on which part of the solvent has evaporated. Each varnish may contain an unequal amount of solvent. Means with a lower content of white spirit have a low toxicity.

How to choose

It is important to clearly define how the premises where the varnish coating is applied will be used in the future. Provided that the varnish is put on the floor, it is important how many people will be constantly in the room. At high loads, alkyd varnishes are better not to choose, but to buy something on a water basis.

The best alkyd compounds are suitable for those surfaces for which there will be no abrasive and mechanical impact. Then the surface can last much longer. These means are not suitable for floors in the kitchen and corridor.

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