Distributing GAZ-69: description, device, repair

The GAZ-69 is a Soviet four-wheel-drive vehicle with increased cross-country capability. This model was produced in the period from 1953 to 1973. The first work on the development of this off-road vehicle began in the year 46. The car was designed, as they say, from scratch and was intended for use in the army and work in agriculture. The GAZ-69 was produced in two versions. This is a two-door body with longitudinal benches at the rear or four-door with a full rear seat. The design of the GAZ-69 was practically unified with other models produced at this plant. A frame, body and distribution GAZ-69 were created from scratch. As an engine, the unit was selected from the GAZ-M20. Its power was 55 liters. With., And the maximum speed with this engine is 90 km / h.

GAZ-69 is a full-fledged all-wheel drive SUV. And this means that, in addition to the manual transmission, the car must also be equipped with a dispenser. It is designed to distribute the torque from the engine to the axes. Also at the expense of the transfer box, the torque increases when driving on bad roads. Many fans of off-road vehicles are very interested in how the GAZ-69 distribution is arranged. Despite their age, these domestic cars are actively sold and bought, restored and operated by various motorists. Elements from GAZ-69 are installed on other cars. That's why many are interested in the device, as well as maintenance and repair of different units.

Description of transfer case GAZ-69

This knot is installed behind the manual gearbox. The mechanism is connected to the main transmission via an intermediate propeller shaft. The transfer case is used in this vehicle to transfer torque to the rear and front axles. Additionally, the GAZ-69 dispenser is equipped with a downshift. This allows you to significantly increase the traction on the wheels. It is interesting that on different modifications of the SUV, namely the GAZ-69A, the same transfer case is provided. The same mechanism is manned by the M-72. Naturally, there is a slight difference. It is in the levers, allowing you to change the operating modes of the box, as well as in the spring in the form of plates. The latter are installed between the levers. Unlike manual transmission, the mechanism of the transfer box is equipped with only two speeds. This is an operational gear with constant engagement and a downshift. What can GAZ-69 distribute? The gear ratio at the operational transmission is 1.15, and the lowering number is 2.78. Also among the features can be identified the design of gears. Those that are in constant engagement with other elements are made with oblique teeth. This feature allows you to significantly reduce driving noise.

Distributing GAZ-69: device

Carter of the transfer box is made all-in-one. In its upper part there is a special hatch that facilitates installation. It is closed with a special stamped cover. The box itself is mounted on the cross member of the chassis. Fastening is carried out in four points. The unit is mounted on cushions - these are rubber elements.

Drive Shaft

It is mounted on ball bearings. There are two of them. For ease of repair, these bearings are unified with those on the secondary shaft of the gearbox. The driving gear GAZ-69 is mounted on the splines and fixed with a flange.

Intermediate shaft

This transfer case shaft is equipped with gears. The intermediate element rotates due to two identical roller bearings of a conical type. The inner rings of the bearings, as well as the gears, are fixed with nuts.

Output shaft

It is mounted on two roller tapered bearings. On the splines of the shaft - gear, responsible for connecting the rear axle and lowering the number of gears. How it works? When the switch lever is in neutral, the gear rotates freely on the slave. In the back of this shaft there are gears that serve as a drive for the speedometer. On the front of the shaft on its slots, the clutch is engaged, which is responsible for connecting the front axle. The drive element of the front axle is fixed on two supports. The front support is a two-row angular contact ball bearing. As a second support a special bronze bushing is installed. It is pressed into the hole on the driven shaft.

Seals on the necks of the three flanges. They are identical to each other and unified with what the MKPP has in its secondary shaft.

Sapoon, oil seals

A special breather is mounted in the shift rod casing. It is necessary to prevent excessive pressure that can form inside the box. Before the oil seals on the leading and drive shaft of the front axle, special oil-bearing grooves are made. They are carved into the body of the lid. The device driving away the oils is a special screw teeth that are on the driving gear of the speedometer drive.

How to manage the box

The process of switching the operating modes of the transfer box is carried out by means of two levers that are installed in the cover of the shift rods. This cover is fixed to the front end of the crankcase. The lever, located on the right, is designed to switch on or off the rear axle and activate the lowering row. It is three-position - it's neutral position, downshift (in front position) and rear axle connection. The lever on the left is for connecting the front axle. The handle has two working positions. The front axle is off. If the lever is in the rear position, it is on.

The mechanism of the switching mechanism

The mechanism is installed in the front cover. It consists of two rods, on which the forks are fixed by means of screws. Rods move by moving the levers. Their ends go into the grooves of the rods. The mechanism is also equipped with locks that consist of springs and balls. These balls enter the wells of the rods. To prevent lubricant from escaping from the rods' nests, and also to prevent dirt and dust from getting inside, glands of felt and rubber are installed. In addition, the mechanism has a special locking device. It is designed to exclude the possibility of turning on low gear when the GAZ-69 car is operating in the mode of the switched off front axle or the lower gear. The principle of locking is simple. Gaps between the end parts of the plungers are smaller than the total depth of the holes on the rods. In addition, the locking system protects the propeller shaft and rear axle from possible overloads.

Transfer Case Maintenance

Distributing the GAZ-69 is a fairly reliable device. Manufacturers have put a great resource in the mechanism and even today they are still working. But all this is possible only with proper maintenance. It is necessary to constantly maintain the required oil level in the crankcase. Also you need to change the grease periodically. In addition, it is time to identify and repair faults. As for the oil level, it should be at the edge of the filling hole. It is recommended to replace the fluid every 6 thousand kilometers. Also, you should perform the discharge of oil when changing seasons.

It is recommended to check the condition of the breather - if necessary, it must be cleaned of dirt or dust. Also, periodically see how tight all the nuts are, and especially those that hold the flanges of the cardan fastening. Not even a slight weakening is allowed. If an oil leak is detected, then turn the nuts on the shift rod. The used grease is drained from the crankcase in a warm state. In any other case, complete removal will not work. Periodically, after changing the oil, it is necessary to wash the body of the mechanism with kerosene. If you service the box regularly and correctly, then the repair of the GAZ-69 dispenser will not be required. If the transmission starts to buzz, the repair consists in replacing the worn pair of gears. Even today, there are spare parts for this car on sale.

Conclusion

With a large number of imported cars on the market, retarders buy and repair cars like GAZ-69. This is not just an interesting hobby. The only problem is the search for spare parts. Fortunately, now there is a lot of what is on sale, for example, the whole for the GAZ-69 car distribution. Its price is about 5-10 thousand. There are many spare parts in good working order.