A migrant is a person who changes his place of residence. New rules for migrants

Everyone wants to live and work in comfortable conditions, so in the modern world there is a mass movement of people from one country to another. On the one hand, migration is a boon to the state, because foreigners are an additional labor force that helps to solve some social problems, especially in areas with low population density. On the other hand, there is the problem of illegal migrants, who have a significant share in the society.

Who are migrants?

Migration law defines the Meaning of the word migrant. This person who moves from one state to another for temporary or permanent residence. Migrants who enter the territory of a new state by changing their place of residence are considered immigrants. Persons who travel to another country for residence (temporary or permanent) are called emigrants.

Recently, the number of illegal migrants in Russia has increased - people who crossed the state border outside the checkpoints or are on the territory of the country without a document confirming their status. Illegal migrants are also people who have expired their stay in the Russian Federation, but they did not leave the country or did not apply to the migration authorities in order to obtain a new document for further residence in the country.

What kind of migrants do Russian employers want?

Migration policy of Russia for a long time had a prohibitive nature, which was expressed in the existing quota system, which reduced the influx of foreigners into the state. In addition, there were restrictions on the number of appeals during the year for the quota, and the procedure for issuing a permit to carry out work activities was quite long.

Labor migrants who claim to be in demand for vacancies are not profitable for Russia. The country needs so-called VIP-migrants who can take unclaimed, prestigious, rare and exclusive vacancies. This includes the automotive sector, the mining of minerals, the manufacture of mineral and thermal insulation materials, aircraft construction. For example, the search for a worker in the specialty of "riveter-riveter" can last about six months, so a migrant with knowledge in this area will be extremely necessary for the state.

In Ulyanovsk, there is Aviastar-SP Aviation Plant, where migrants occupy one-fifth of the workforce - they are specialists who previously worked at the Chkalov Aircraft Plant in Tashkent.

Changes in migration legislation

In 2014, the conditions for the stay of migrants in the territory of the Russian Federation have changed . The new law for migrants came into force on January 1 this year. Legislation significantly tightened the conditions for foreigners to enter the country.

The new law states that a migrant is a person who moves from one state to another for the purpose of permanent or temporary residence.

Under the new rules, CIS citizens who have committed several offenses or violated the term of their stay on the territory of the Russian Federation will temporarily not be able to enter the country. A foreigner who uses a fake migration card is also banned from entering the country.

According to the new law, Moldovan citizens can stay in Russia for no more than 90 days for 6 months. If a Moldovan citizen violates the regime of stay in Russia, he can be fined up to 10 thousand US dollars or imprisoned for 3-4 years.

Ukrainians continue to enter the territory of the Russian Federation on a visa-free regime, but they can stay in the country for no more than 90 days for 6 months.

Labor Migrants: New Rules

A migrant is good if he benefits the state as a labor force. According to the new law, there will be as many migrants working in the Russian labor market as it can absorb. But to get a job, an alien will need to obtain a patent or a work permit. For this, when crossing the state border, it will be necessary to indicate the purpose of the "Work" arrival and within 15 days to apply to the Russian territorial bodies of the FMS.

By purchasing a migrant's patent, a foreigner can decide in which region he will work. Patents can not be quoted. They will operate in the region where they are purchased. Their cost will depend on the average income level of the population in this region and the current situation in the regional labor markets.

Thus, legal entities, including individual entrepreneurs, can recruit migrants who arrived on a visa-free basis on the basis of a migrant's patent.

In April 2014, the FMS published a blacklist of migrants who were remotely closed to Russia. There are 800 thousand foreigners.

Difficulties in obtaining a driver's license

Since the beginning of May this year, migrants who do not have a Russian driving license will not be able to manage public transport. They will need to pass a theoretical examination in the traffic police.

According to the new law "On road safety", drivers can drive a vehicle that has Russian rights. In most cases, a migrant is a person who does not know Russian well, so visitors may have difficulties obtaining Russian rights. Driving licenses of foreigners lose their relevance on the territory of the Russian Federation.

A Bible for migrants will be published in Russia

The Orthodox Church of Russia wants to publish a Bible for migrants. After all, a migrant is a person who needs faith and support in the territory of a foreign state.

The first edition is planned to be released in 2014 in Uzbek. The Missionary Commission at the Diocesan Council of Moscow will do this.

The Holy Scriptures, translated into different languages, help familiarize visitors with Russian cultural heritage.