Writer Lavrenev Boris: biography, creativity, photo

It seems that the life of a well-known writer should be inspected with accuracy of the X-ray image by researchers of his work. But this is only a superficial view, which you have to part with regret, you are barely beginning to study the available materials. A solid list of published works, plays, film productions; Government awards, awards, a lot of public work - and minimal information about a person's life, which created a whole gallery of bright characters and described the landmark events that he witnessed. His real name is Sergeyev. Lavrenev's pseudonym (Boris Andreyevich took it because of the fact that there was already one Sergeev in literature) became the official surname of the writer in 1922. Under this name he entered the history of Soviet and Russian literature.

Parents: not proletarian at all

The parents of the future writer were school teachers. Although the life of each of them could have developed quite differently.

Mother, Maria Ksaverievna, came from a well-known family of Cossacks of the Esaulovs, whose ancestors served under Suvorov and Potemkin. The writer's grandmother was a wealthy heiress, whose hands were sought by many. But she married unsuccessfully. Lieutenant Xavier Tsekhanovich, participant in the Crimean War, became her chosen one. In just two years he had forked his wife's legacy and fled, leaving her with her little daughter in her arms - so later described the family misadventures of Lavrenev. Boris Andreevich knew the history of his ancestors well. Despite the plight, my grandmother tried to give her daughter a good education. After completing her studies at the Poltava Institute of Noble Maidens, Mashenka went to teach in a small place called Borislav.

The history of the writer's father, Andrei Filippovich Sergeev, is exactly the opposite - his family is not known. Parents were killed in the piratical attack on the road from Kherson to Nikolaev. Who they were, it remained unclear. Three of the children, who were found in a sleigh covered with a sheepskin coat, were taken to by someone Sergeyev - an official of the Kherson customs. The person is not rich, he, nevertheless, was able to bring them into people. Andrew, the father of the writer, became a teacher. In the year of his son's birth, he worked as an assistant director in an orphanage. Lavrenev remembered this about his family. Boris, whose birth date fell on July 17, 1891, was born in Kherson - a beautiful, park-like city on the high right bank of the Dnieper.

Childhood: the sea, books, theater

Fisticuffs, bruises, scratches and abrasions - childhood passed among the children who lived in an orphanage where the father served. But there were other impressions in his life. And the first of them is the sea. It opened before a five-year-old boy from the height of the Baydar Pass - a mighty, mesmerizing, boundless. In adulthood, when the broad readership will already be well known name Lavrenev, Boris will often refer to the marine theme. "The Song of the Black Sea" (1943), dedicated to the defenders of Sevastopol, and "For those who are at sea" (1945), narrating about sailors from torpedo boats - perhaps the origins of these works should be sought in the enthusiastic eyes of little Bori, who first saw the bottomless Black Sea Blue.

With the world of great literature the boy met thanks to his godfather, Mikhail Evgenievich Becker. He was the city head of Kherson - a retired artilleryman and co-worker of Leo Tolstoy in the Sevastopol period. With his patronage, a good library was created in the city, which was happily used by the young Lavrenev. Boris collected works, which was in the library, read binge. His favorite stories were stories of sea travel, discoveries and distant lands. Geography knew by heart. By the age of 10 he was able to show with his eyes closed any place on the world map.

Thanks to the godfather he was able to join the theater as well - the mayor had his own bed near the stage, and Becker allowed the boy to use it. Here Boris saw the young IM Moskvin in the play "Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich", VE Meyerhold, AS Kosheverova in "Boris Godunov." One can say with confidence that the future playwright was brought up on high examples of true theatrical art.

Gymnasium: an escape from the far end of the world

In 1901 Boris became a schoolboy. He did not study very well, although he possessed excellent abilities. He simply devoted all his time to the theater and books - there was not enough patience for the cramming of school subjects. When I moved to the sixth grade I was not able to pass the algebra - an annual two, a re-examination and an unpleasant conversation with my father. The offense for the failures that had befallen him led to an extravagant decision - to flee. Boris could get to Odessa and get on the boat "Athos". He descended ashore in Alexandria, intending to hire a sailor to the crew of any vessel that was going to Honolulu. The adventure ended in the Italian port of Brindisi, where he landed on a French ship. Two carabineers took the teenager to the Russian consulate. Soon he was brought home. The repercussions of this journey formed the basis of the story "Marina" (1923).

After the 7th grade, the schoolboy Lavrenev made an attempt to enter the Marine Cadet Corps, but his vision failed. He again returned for the school desk in his native Kherson. As a memory of this time - an old, wiped out picture. Mother, father and schoolboy Lavrenev. Boris kept it all his life as the greatest value.

Two universities: lawyer and artilleryman

After graduation from the gymnasium, the future writer continued his education at Moscow University. The Faculty of Law graduated in 1915. During this period, a literary debut took place. Poems were published by the newspaper "Native Land" in 1911 and signed by the name Lavrenev. Boris (the writer in it was only awakening) was painfully searching his way in literature.

In 1914, the peaceful life ended. A young lawyer was drafted into the army after graduation from the university. The table book was the table of artillery fire. Time spent in the war, he later called "the highest life academy." The February bourgeois coup of 1917 found him in Moscow and made him commandant of the headquarters of the revolutionary troops. The post of adjutant of the commandant of Moscow, General A. N. Golitsinsky, was met by Lavrenev on October 17th. The country collapsed and the usual way of life.

Beliefs: definition of the path

After the revolution, a young officer Lavrenev for a short time adjoins the Volunteer Army, but soon returns to his native Kherson. It took him some time to understand what was happening in Russia. In the spring of 1918, Boris returned to Moscow. I went to work in the People's Commissariat of Food - Soviet authorities needed literate people.

In November, I saw the first parade of the Red Army in honor of the anniversary of the revolution. This event put everything in its place in the head of a confused person. If there is an army, then there is a state. A month later, a red commander with the name Lavrenev appeared in the ranks of the defenders of the revolution. Boris, whose biography for a long time intertwined with the Armed Forces of the young republic, plunged headlong into the whirlpool of turbulent life.

Two hypostases: paint and writer

The further military fate of Lavrenev was typical of the red commander of a troubled time of civil confrontation. As part of the team armored train stormed Petlyura Kiev. Participated in the battles on the Crimean peninsula. When the gang of Ataman Zeleny was defeated, he was wounded in the leg. After the hospital with the drill service had to leave. Already in the post of political worker was sent to continue his service in Tashkent. Work in the front-line newspaper was combined with the management of the literary department of Turkestanskaya Pravda. From Central Asia to Leningrad moved in 1923-m. A year later, he was demobilized. Since that time professional literary activity began.

The fascination with futurism, which experienced a novice writer in former years, passed. The author came to literature with military experience and luggage of observations, which became the foundation of his work. He began writing actively in Central Asia. Basically these were materials for newspapers. But in the same period, the story "Wind" and several great stories were written. In one of them, the story "Forty-first", the writer paints a portrait of one of his colleagues in the tsarist army and does not even change his rank and surname - Govorukho-Otrok. The second story was called "Star color". In 1924 they were published in Leningrad journals. In the same year "Gala-Peter" was published - a work created 8 years ago. But then the tsarist censorship did not miss it.

Life dedicated to people

From this time begins the most fruitful period in the writer's work. The heroes of his works are people of the revolution. Chekist Orlov - the main character of "The Story of a Simple Thing" (1924). Evgeni Pavlovitch Adamov is a general who took over the people's power in The Seventh Satellite (1927). The life of honest and courageous people was described in his works by Boris Lavrenev. In 1925, he tried himself in drama - wrote two not very successful plays: "The Rebellion" and "Dagger". The next work for the theater is the play "The Rift", written for the 10th anniversary of the revolution. It became widely known, and several generations of Soviet people could see it on the stages of almost all theaters of the USSR.

The Finnish company and the attack of the Hitlerites that followed it met the already well-known and well-known writer. Lavrenev often went to the acting army as a correspondent of the naval newspaper. His front-line articles were vivid and vivid - the writer knew the heroes of his reports well. After the war, he was entrusted to head the section of playwrights in the Writers' Union.

The last years of his life BA Lavrenev was engaged in the translation into Russian of authors from Central Asian republics and French playwrights. I also painted a lot. Painting the famous writer was devoted passionately and recklessly. The walls of the apartment on Serafimovich Street were hung with his art canvases.

The heart of Boris Lavrenev ceased to fight on January 7, 1959.