What is the norm of thrombocytes in a child? What if the platelets are raised?

A blood test is done for all children without exception. The results of this study can say a lot. There are certain norms on which the child's health is assessed. In the analysis, you can find numerical values of erythrocytes, platelets, etc. According to the results of blood sampling, conclusions are drawn about the immunity of the baby, the overall picture of the diseases of the young patient is evaluated, etc. To be able to decipher the blood test, it is necessary to know what the norm of platelets in a child. This is exactly what will be discussed in this article.

What is a platelet?

In scientific terms, platelets are cells that are formed from megakaryocytes. The place of their inception is the red bone marrow. The form of platelets is diskoid. The size is 2-4 μm. Platelets are non-nuclear cells. Of the red bone marrow, the bulk enters the blood, the rest are deposited in the spleen. On average, the cells live about a week. The norm of platelets in a child and adult can vary. The tolerance is +/- 10%.

Platelet functions :

1. Participate in the processes of blood clotting.
2. Perform an angiotrophic and adhesive-aggregation function.
3. Fibrinolysis.
4. Cells provide retraction of blood clots.
5. Transfer circulating immune complexes, thereby supporting a vasospasm, etc.

Properties of platelets

The norm of platelets in a child is variable, it is directly related to the property of cells. During activation, the blood platelets form pseudopodia, that is, shoots. Thanks to them, platelets connect to each other and adhere to the walls of damaged vessels. Such thrombus rescue from blood loss. However, an increased number of blood cells can lead to life-threatening clots.

The norm of platelets in the child

Clinical analysis of blood makes even newborn children. The district pediatrician necessarily gives direction to this procedure. According to the results of the study, platelets in children should be within the following limits:

• 100-420 * 10 ⁹ / l - in newborns;
• Up to a year the amount of platelets should be -150-350 * 10 ⁹ / l;
• In children older than a year, the normal value is 160-390 * 10 ⁹ / l (according to other data, the older one, 180 * 320 * 10 ⁹ / L).

Estimating the number of platelets, the doctor determines whether the baby has a tendency to thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis. In other words, the first disease appears if the platelets are lowered in the child, the second - if they are raised. If the value of blood cells is within normal limits, then everything is fine. A larger / smaller number indicates the abnormalities that the doctor can diagnose.

The norm of platelets in an adult

The number of colorless blood cells in an adult and a child is different. In addition, in women and men the concentration of platelets is also not the same. The beautiful half of mankind has wide enough boundaries of this indicator. The normal value is 150-380 * 10 ⁹ / l. The lower limit of the platelet count occurs during menstruation. During pregnancy, this concentration is also considered normal, because because of the development of the fetus, the mother's body is unable to produce in the same amounts as many platelets as before.

If you compare the indicators of children (1 year and older) and adult men, you can be surprised. The number of platelets in their blood is the same. The norm is 180 * 320 * 10 ⁹ / l (according to new data - 160-390 * 10 ⁹ / l). By children are meant individuals of female and male sex. As soon as the girl starts the menstrual cycle, she becomes a woman by biological indicators, and the number of platelets varies because of periodic blood loss in the form of menstrual cycles.

Reduced number of platelets. What does this mean?

The norm of thrombocytes in a child of 3 years should be at the level of 160-390 * 10 ⁹ / l, if the concentration is significantly lowered (20-30 * 10 ⁹ / L), then it is necessary to sound an alarm. Such a number of blood cells can be caused by a number of reasons, such as:

• lupus erythematosus;
• hemophilia;
• Low hemoglobin ;
• anemia;
• Taking medicines;
• Lack of iron in the body;
• malaria;
• Bacterial and viral infections;
• Giardiasis;
• Toxoplasmosis;
• heart failure;
• Ascaridosis.

If the platelets are lowered, the child may have one of these diseases. Also thrombocytopenia is observed in premature infants and after blood transfusion.

In critical situations, when the baby has a bleeding from the internal organs, it is necessary to transfuse the donor's blood, which has a sufficient number of platelets.

How to raise the level of platelets?

Often, to raise the level of blood cells, people resort not only to medicines. Even physicians with experience recommend sometimes referring to folk recipes. It is proved that a certain diet can cause an increase in platelets in a child and an adult. What should I eat? In the diet should be:

• cheese;
• Eggs;
• buckwheat;
• a fish;
• Parsley, spinach, celery, dill;
• beef liver;
• Rich meat broths;
• Nuts;
• Garnet;
• Bananas;
• Juice of a dogrose;
• Rowan berries;
• Green apples;
• Beets, carrots, cabbage, Bulgarian pepper in fresh form;
• Salad with nettle on sesame oil.

Using these products constantly, you can slightly increase the level of platelets. The people have a lot of recipes that will lead to the same result. Healers advise to drink on an empty stomach sesame oil (1 tablespoon), fresh juice of nettle, diluted with the same amount of milk.

Of course, foods and herbs can slightly increase the number of platelets. Most often folk medicine acts as an auxiliary tool in the fight against the disease. Serious health problems without medications can not be solved. Do not risk the health of the child, treating it at home. The course of taking medications and the diet should prescribe a doctor.

Platelets are increased. Causes

For example, the norm of thrombocytes in a child of 4 years is 160-390 * 10 ⁹ / l. If after the delivery of a clinical blood test the baby has a large number of blood cells, then this can be caused by:

• Spleen injury;
• Violation of the internal organs, possibly after surgery;
• Anemia;
• Leukemia;
• Liver disease;
• Erythremia;
• Physical overloads;
• Fractures of tubular bones;
• The use of corticosteroids;
• Hepatitis;
• Tuberculosis;
• An abscess;
• Rheumatism;
• Osteomyelitis and others.

There are two types of thrombocytosis: primary and secondary. When the brain stem cells are destroyed, we are talking about the first disease. Usually, primary thrombocytosis occurs with leukemia. Reactive (secondary) occurs in various pathologies. There are cases when the concentration of corpuscles in the blood is very high. It is necessary to immediately strike an alarm, because thrombocytosis can be caused by the appearance of a malignant tumor.

How to reduce the number of platelets?

With thrombocytosis, doctors usually prescribe medications such as anticoagulants and antiaggregants. Also, doctors will advise you to drink drugs containing aspirin. It is acetylsalicylic acid that can dilute blood. To promote the reduction of platelets can be, using blueberries, apples, oranges, cranberries and cranberries. Obligatory in your diet should be seafood, rich in iodine. An indispensable condition is the refusal to smoke and drink alcohol, especially for adults.

In folk medicine, there are recipes that can reduce the number of platelets. Connoisseurs recommend drinking cocoa without sugar on an empty stomach and garlic tincture. You can also brew ginger root powder. To prepare the infusion, you need a tablespoon of raw materials and a glass of boiling water.

Be sure to follow a diet. It is desirable to make a daily diet so that it contains products that will dilute the blood. Give the child dishes cooked in linseed and olive oil. Offer your baby tomato juice, lemons. You can eat onions and garlic in a pure in a kind. By the way, the latter not only lowers the number of platelets in the blood, but also contributes to faster resorption of thrombi. Be sure to eat foods that are high in magnesium. This element will not allow the formation of blood clots. Drink more water, because the circulatory system is 90% composed of it. Dehydration leads to a thickening of the blood. The daily rate of drinking water in an adult is on average two liters, the child - at least a liter a day. With trobocytosis, you need to increase the intake of natural juices, fresh vegetables and fruits.

How to treat?

To make the correct diagnosis, the doctor should prescribe some studies. For example, the norm of thrombocytes in a child of 5 years - 160-390 * 10 ⁹ / l, if the results of the analysis revealed a higher value, then the doctor will recommend performing the following procedures:

• With an interval of 3-5 days you need to take a blood test for platelets (3 times);
• Conduct a quantitative study of the C-reactive protein;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and abdominal cavity;
• To pass the general analysis of urine;
• Check serum iron and ferritin levels;
• Consult with a gynecologist and urologist.

If the baby has slightly elevated platelets (500), the child has no serious problems. You can lower this amount without taking special medicines.

Thrombus formation

The thrombosis can appear both at the adult, and at the child. When a blood vessel is damaged, its walls begin to interfere with blood clotting. Platelets do not cope with their task and disintegrate. Under the action of procoagulants, a protein that affects the rate of erythrocyte sedimentation forms threads. They are the basis of the thrombus.