Breast adenoma

Adenoma of the breast is one of the most common neoplasms that occurs in women. A feature of this pathology is the propensity to develop at a young age.

Adenoma of the breast is a hormone-dependent tumor that develops under the influence of estrogens. This explains their greatest appearance during periods of hormonal changes that occur during adolescence, pregnancy and the postpartum period. Diagnosis of a neoplasm is usually not difficult, so women often discover it, then only turn to specialists.

The adenoma of the mammary gland develops under the influence of a number of predisposing factors. The main ones are smoking, taking contraceptives (oral), hereditary predisposition, having a history of a large number of abortions, diseases of the genital organs that have a chronic course.

This pathological neoplasm has a simple classification, which is based on morphological features. According to her, adenoma and fibroadenoma are isolated. The first develops from glandular tissue. Fibroadenoma contains a significant number of connective tissue elements. However, all tumors include a glandular base. According to another classification, which is based on the location of the neoplasm, adenomas of the mammary glands, nipples, tubular, lactating are isolated. The latter are the most dangerous, since they often degenerate into malignant forms.

Adenoma, the symptoms of which are determined by benign course, is characterized by the appearance of a rounded, dense formation, which in appearance looks like a nodule or a ball. For this tumor is characterized by lack of pain, displacement, clear boundaries, smooth surface. In some cases, the adenoma of the breast acquires a coarse-grained consistency. Sometimes there are multiple tumors. During pregnancy, the growth may decrease and in some cases resolve completely.

A leafy adenoma is identified in a separate species. It has a layered structure and a tendency to malignancy. Usually, the tumor gives metastases to the lungs, ribs, and liver. Almost always there is a rapid growth of the adenoma, which leads to deformity of the breast. When palpation is determined by a large-hummocky surface and cyanotic skin color is observed.

Diagnosis of adenoma consists in examining the doctor who, if necessary, prescribes ultrasound and mammography. To obtain accurate results, a biopsy is used. This procedure is unpleasant, however, it must necessarily be performed in women over the age of twenty-five years who have a tumor confirmed during examination. This will determine the nature of the tumor, the possibility of malignancy.

Adenoma of the breast requires surgical removal. In rare cases, it can self-resolve. Indications for surgery include suspected malignancy (very rare), rapid tumor growth. Most often, sectoral resection is used. The presence of multiple adenomas is an unfavorable sign, since in most cases significant cosmetic defects remain after the operation.

Nonspecific means of preventing the appearance of mammary adenoma include the exclusion of predisposing factors, periodic examination. When the first signs appear or suspicion of their appearance, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor who will inspect and prescribe the appropriate diagnostic methods of the study.