What is the most dangerous disease in the world? Top 10 most dangerous human diseases

All people in their lives were sick with something, otherwise it is impossible, since it was founded from the very beginning of the existence of our world. Chickenpox, rubella, ARD is a small part of what we have experienced. But in the world there are such diseases, which it is better not to think about, and every person hopes that they will pass by without fail. But, as time shows, no one is immune from this. So what is the most dangerous disease in the world? Let's look at this article.

TOP-10 most dangerous diseases

Modern medicine already knows a huge number of different diseases. All of them are characterized depending on the pathology: moderate severity, moderate, and also severe. We have tried to describe the 10 most dangerous human diseases and assign each one its place.

10th place. AIDS

The list of the most dangerous diseases opens up AIDS, it takes the tenth place in our rating.

This is a fairly young disease that has spoiled the lives of millions of people. The source of infection is human blood, through which the virus affects all internal organs, tissues, glands, blood vessels. At first, the disease does not manifest itself. She "slowly" studies and spreads through the body of the sick. At the initial stage, the virus is difficult to detect.

AIDS occurs in four stages.

1. The first is an acute infection. Symptoms at this stage resemble catarrhal disease (cough, fever, runny nose, and rash on the skin). After 3 weeks, this period passes, and the person, not knowing about the presence of the virus, begins to infect others.
2. AI (asymptomatic infection). There are no clinical manifestations of HIV. Identify the disease can only be through laboratory research.
3. The third stage occurs after 3-5 years. Due to the fact that the body has reduced protective functions, there are symptoms of the disease itself - migraine, indigestion and intestines, enlarged lymph nodes, a decline in strength. The person at this stage is still able to work. Treatment gives only a short-term effect.
4. At the fourth stage, the complete destruction of the immune system occurs, not only with pathogenic microbes, but also with the common ones, which have long been in the intestines, on the skin, in the lungs. There is complete damage to the gastrointestinal tract, nervous system, eyes, respiratory system, mucous membranes, as well as lymph nodes. The ill person loses weight sharply. Unfortunately, in this case, death is inevitable.

From infection to biological death, it can take up to 12 years, which is why HIV is classified as a slow infectious disease.

HIV is transmitted sexually, through the blood, from mother to child.

AIDS statistics

The greatest activity of this disease is in Russia. Since 2001, the number of infected has doubled. In 2013, around 2.1 million people became ill around the world. At the moment, people with HIV infection are 35 million, and 17 million of this number do not know about their disease.

9th place. Cancer

In the 10 most dangerous diseases of the world also includes cancer. He is the ninth in our ranking. It is a malignant tumor in which a pathological proliferation of tissue occurs. In women, breast cancer prevails among tumors, and in men - lung cancer.

Previously, there were allegations that this ailment spreads quite quickly. To date, this information is not reliable, as it has long been proven that oncological disease in the body develops for dozens of years.

In the process of growth, the tumor does not give any painful sensations. Therefore, a person who has developed cancer for many years can walk without symptoms and not suspect that he, in fact, is the most dangerous disease in the world.

Everything becomes clear at the last stage. The growth of the tumor as a whole depends on the body's defense, so if the immunity drops sharply, then the disease progresses rapidly.

To date, the appearance of tumors is associated with serious disorders in the genetic apparatus of the cell. The ecological situation also plays an important role, for example, radiation in the environment, the presence of carcinogens in water, air, food, soil, clothing. Some labor conditions accelerate the development of the tumor to the same extent, for example, cement production, regular work with microwave, and also with X-ray equipment.

Since recent times it has been proved that lung cancer is directly related to smoking, stomach - with irregular and irregular nutrition, constant stress, alcohol consumption, hot food, spices, animal fats, medicines.

However, there are such tumors that have nothing to do with the environment, but are inherited.

Statistics on cancer

If you ask yourself what are the most dangerous diseases of the 21st century, then the answer is obvious: one of them is cancer that has taken millions of lives and continues to progress, bringing grief and suffering to many families. Annually on the planet of cancer, about 4.5 million men and 3.5 million women die. The situation is appalling. Even worse assumptions of scientists by 2030: approximately 30 million people can leave us forever for this reason. The most dangerous types of cancer, according to doctors, are: cancer of the lungs, stomach, intestines, liver.

8th place. Tuberculosis

Eighth place in the TOP-10 most dangerous diseases is tuberculosis. The wand that causes the disease is around us in the literal sense of the word - in water, air, soil, in various subjects. It is very tenacious and can survive up to 5 years in a dry state. The only thing that the tubercle bacillus is afraid of is direct sunlight. Therefore, in ancient times, when this disease could not be treated, the patients were sent to where there is a lot of sun and light.

The source of infection is a sick person who secretes tuberculosis bacteria with phlegm. Infection occurs when its smallest particles are inhaled.

Tuberculosis can not be transmitted by inheritance, but the likelihood of predisposition still exists.

The human body is quite susceptible to this infection. At the onset of infection, there are some violations of the immune system. The disease will manifest itself to the fullest extent when the body can not resist tuberculosis infection. This is due to poor nutrition, habitation in poor housing conditions, as well as exhaustion and weakening of the body.

Penetrating through the respiratory tract, the infection enters the bloodstream and affects not only the lungs, but also other equally important organs. It is believed that tuberculosis can spread throughout the body, except for nails and hair.

Statistics on tuberculosis

The most significant effectiveness of tuberculosis is in countries in Africa and South America. Virtually no sick in Greenland, Finland. Annually about one billion people get infected with a tubercle bacillus, 9 million get sick, and 3, sadly, die.

7th place. Malaria

Continue the top of the most dangerous malaria diseases. She is in seventh place in our rating.

The main carriers of malaria are mosquitoes of a special kind - anopheles. There are more than 50 species. The mosquito itself is not affected by the disease.

In the human body, in particular in the liver, the causative agent of this disease lives and spreads within 10 days. Then it passes into erythrocytes, where it also lives and forms 2 forms: asexual and sexual. If the pathogen has passed this cycle and at this moment a mosquito from the genus Anophelesus bites, the malarial microorganism of the sexual form enters the stomach of the parasite, where a number of transformations take place, after which the causative agent accumulates in their salivary glands. At this point, he can and will infect within 30-45 days.

Symptoms are obvious. There are pains in the liver, anemia occurs, and red blood cells are destroyed. Chills alternate with intense heat - these are the main symptoms of malaria.

Statistics on malaria

Every year around 2 million people die of malaria in the world. In the previous year, there were 207 million registered, of which almost 700,000 were mainly among African children. There one child goes out of life literally every minute.

6th place. "Mad Coward"

Another most dangerous disease in the world, ranked sixth in our rating, which claimed the lives of millions of people and continues to act to this day, is "mad cow disease," or bovine spongiform encephalopathy.

The transporter in this case is anomalous proteins, or prions, which are particles that affect the brain and spinal cord. They are sufficiently resistant even to high temperatures. The mechanism of the action of prions on the brain is not yet fully understood, but it is precisely known that the cavities formed in the brain tissue acquire a spongy structure, hence the corresponding name.

A person can get infected with this disease elementary, enough to eat infected meat in the amount of half a gram. It is also possible to become infected if the saliva of a sick animal falls on the wound, on contact with bats, from mother to child, through food.

At the onset of the disease, itching and burning sensation can be felt at the wound site. Appears oppressed, anxiety, nightmares, fear of death, complete apathy. Further, there is an elevated body temperature, the pulse becomes faster, the pupils dilate. After a few days, salivation increases, aggression, inadequate behavior.

The most vivid symptom is thirst. The patient takes a glass with water and throws it aside, there is a spasm of respiratory muscles. Then they develop into excruciating pains. Over time, there are hallucinations.

After the end of this period there comes a lull. The patient feels calm, which very quickly ends. Then paralysis of the limbs occurs, after which the patient dies after 48 hours. Death occurs as a result of cardiovascular and respiratory paralysis.

Treatment of this disease is still absent. All therapy is aimed at reducing pain.

Statistics on "mad cow disease"

Until now, this disease has been considered rare, but to date, 88 deaths have been recorded worldwide.

5 place. Polio

The most dangerous diseases of man also include poliomyelitis. Previously, he maimed and killed a huge number of kids. Poliomyelitis is a child's paralysis, against which no one can stand. Most often it affects children under 7 years old. Poliomyelitis ranks fifth in our ranking of the most dangerous diseases.

This disease lasts for 2 weeks in a latent form. Then the head starts to hurt, body temperature rises, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, sore throat. Muscles weaken so much that a child can not move limbs, if this state does not pass within a few days, then the probability that paralysis will last for a lifetime is quite large.

If the polio virus gets into the body, it will pass through the blood, nerves, spinal cord and brain, where it will settle in the cells of gray matter, so that they begin to collapse rapidly. If the cell dies under the influence of the virus, then the paralysis of the area that controls the dead cells will remain forever. If she does recover, her muscles will be able to move again.

Statistics on poliomyelitis

Recently, as the WHO claims, this disease is not there for almost 2 decades. But there are cases of polio virus infection, however sad it may sound. In Tajikistan alone, about 300 people were registered, 15 of them died. Also, multiple cases have been reported in Pakistan, Nigeria, Afghanistan. The forecasts are also disappointing, scientists who investigated the polio virus say that in 10 years there will be 200,000 cases each year.

4 th place. "Bird flu"

The fourth place in our rating as the most dangerous disease in the world is "bird flu". Medicines for this disease does not exist yet. The carriers are wild birds. The virus is transmitted from a sick bird to a healthy bird through a litter. Also, carriers can be rats that do not themselves become infected, but can transmit it to others. The virus penetrates the human body through the respiratory tract or enters the eye. Infection occurs by airborne droplets. With the use of poultry meat, infection is not fully understood, since the virus dies at temperatures above 70 ° C, but it is known that infection is possible when eating raw eggs.

Symptoms are very similar to usual flu, but after a while SARS comes (acute respiratory failure). Between these symptoms is only 6 days. In most cases, the disease was fatal.

Statistics on "avian flu"

The last case of the disease was recorded in Chile. In Russia there was a case of transmission of the virus from person to person, something that had never been observed before. Scientists claim that "bird flu" will not disappear, and flashes will still be repeated.

3 rd place. lupus erythematosus

The third place in the rating "The most dangerous diseases of man" is occupied by lupus erythematosus.

It is a connective tissue disease that has an immune nature. In case of lupus erythematosus, the skin and internal organs are affected.

This disease is accompanied by a rash on the cheeks and nose, which is very similar to the wolf bites, hence the corresponding name. There are also pains in the joints and hands. During the progression of the disease, scaly spots appear on the head, arms, face, back, chest, ear shells. Sensitivity to sunlight, ulcers on the face, in particular on the bridge of the nose and cheeks, there is diarrhea, nausea, depression, anxiety, weakness.

The causes of the appearance of lupus erythematosus are still unknown. There is an assumption that the disease is accompanied by immune disorders, as a result of which an aggressive action begins against one's own organism.

Statistics for Lupus Erythematosus

Red lupus is affected by approximately one person per two thousand at the age of 10 to 50 years. 85% of them are women.

2 nd place. Cholera

The second place in our rating is cholera, which causes the vibrio. Transmitted from person to person through food and water. The cholera vibrio is quite tenacious, especially well in the reservoirs, where the sewage drains.

The main task of the vibrio will be to get into the mouth to the person, after which it passes into the stomach. Further, it penetrates into the small intestine and begins to multiply, releasing toxins. There is a constant vomiting, diarrhea, pain around the navel. The person begins to dry on the eyes, hands become wrinkled, kidneys, lungs, heart suffer.

Statistics on cholera

In 2013, 92 000 patients in 40 countries were registered with cholera. The greatest activity is in America and Africa. The least affected in Europe.

1 st place. Ebola fever

The most dangerous diseases of a person in the list is the Ebola fever, which killed several thousand people.

The carriers are rats, infected animals, for example, gorillas, monkeys, bats. Infection occurs as a result of contact with their blood, organs, secretions, etc. The sick person poses a huge danger to others. Transmission of the virus is also possible through poorly sterilized needles and instruments.

The incubation period lasts from 4 to 6 days. Patients are concerned about the ongoing headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain and muscles. A few days later, there is a cough and sharp pains in the chest. On the fifth day there is a rash, which later disappears, leaving behind an ecdysis. A hemorrhagic syndrome develops, bleeding from the nose appears, pregnant women have a miscarriage, and women experience uterine bleeding. In most cases, a fatal outcome should occur, approximately in the second week of the illness. The patient dies of profuse bleeding and shock.

Ebola statistics

The greatest activity of this disease is in Africa, where in 2014, as many people died, how many did not die during all periods of outbreaks of Ebola. Also, the epidemic is observed in Nigeria, Guinea, Liberia. In 2014, the number of cases reached 2000, 970 of which left our world.

Of course, no one is immune from all of the above diseases, but something we can still do. It is to lead a healthy lifestyle, exercise, wash hands often, do not drink from suspicious water bodies, eat right, enjoy life and avoid stress. Health to you!