What is the height above sea level in St. Petersburg? St. Petersburg: geography, description of the relief

One of the largest regions in Russia is Leningradskaya. It is located in the north-west of the country, in an area of 86,000 square meters. Km. Only 6.7 million people live here. The region is comparable with Austria, which has a population of 7.6 million, occupying an area of 84,000 square meters. Km.

general information

An interesting geographical location is the city of St. Petersburg. Altitude above sea level is diverse throughout the city, but on average relatively small.

It should be noted that St. Petersburg is by its location the most northern of the world's cities with a population of more than 1 million people. It is located in the north-west of Russia, on the coast of the Neva Bay, adjacent to the mouth of the river. Neva (Gulf of Finland), and also occupies some islands of the Neva delta. The total area of it is 14390 square meters. Km.

After reading this article, you can find out more information about the geographical location of the Northern Capital (St. Petersburg): altitude, location, terrain and so on.

Separation of the city

The city can be divided conditionally into 3 parts: Vyborgskaya side (right-bank northern); Moscow side (left-bank, southern); Island central part. Most of the city is located on islands, which in the first quarter of the XIX century were 147, and at the end of the century - 101. In the city limits by 1976 there were 42 of them, 29 of which without names. Vasilievsky Island (the area of 10 square kilometers) is the largest.

Due to the fact that the altitude is insignificant, St. Petersburg occupies the first place in terms of water volume in Russia, and in the world - one of the first. The main waterway of the northern capital is the Neva River, the length of which is 74 km.

The delta of the modern Neva was formed about 4000 years ago, as a result of the breakthrough of waters into the Gulf of Finland from the Ladoga Lake. The banks of the river used to be heavily swamped. The Shuvalovo and Lakhtin swamps have survived to the present day.

The delta of the Neva River has an area of 83 sq. Km. Km. The height of its banks is on average 3-6 meters, and in the city - about 3 meters.

Geography of St. Petersburg

The city in its area can be compared with a small European state. In addition, it has its own mountains, lakes and rivers. In form represents a huge bowl, stretched from north to south. Its edges are the shores of the oldest Baltic Sea, the Pargolovsky and Koltushsky heights (about 60 meters above sea level) in the northeast and the north, the Duderhof (height to 176 meters), the Pulkovo and Pushkin (75 meters) in the south and south-west.

It is noteworthy that in the entire northern Palmyra relatively small altitude above sea level. St. Petersburg is located on the territory that belongs to the Prinevskaya lowland and is located near the Gulf. The mainland rises above sea level by only about 3 meters, only Smolninsky and Vyborg districts - slightly higher (up to 24 meters). There are also some small higher terrains, which you can learn about below.

From north to south the city stretches for 44 kilometers, and from east to west by 25. Its area is over 600 square kilometers. Km.

The city center (geographical) is located in the Gulf of Finland, near the village of Olgino.

Geographical coordinates of St. Petersburg - 59.89 sow. Latitude and 30.26 east longitude. The same latitude passes through Alaska (the southern coast) and Greenland, through Magadan, Ukhta and Oslo (the capital of Norway). And on the same longitude are the cities of Cairo, Kiev, Odessa, Khartoum and Pretoria.

Relief

The feature of the relief is a very small height above sea level.

St. Petersburg is mostly located on the territory, which is a low flat plain, containing a lot of ancient marine terraces. Of these, the most famous is Litorinovaya, which has its start in the metro station "Avtovo". And it is stretched along the prospect of Stachek and almost all of Peterhof highway.

She received her name from the name of the Litorinov Sea, which existed approximately 4-7 thousand years ago on the site of the present Baltic Sea. Terrace in the city is strongly transformed in the process of human activity (streets and avenues with a rather intensive traffic are built).

At what height is St. Petersburg above sea level?

The heights in the city are very diverse. The northern territories in the marshy areas of the Yuntolovsky Reserve are 1 meter high, and 40 meters in the Poklonnaya Gora areas. The southern heights are on average 5 to 18 meters. Only in some southern and northern suburban areas in some places the average elevation of the relief reaches 60 m.

The highest point in the city is 176 meters in the Dudergofsky mountains. And the lowest point (land) is in the area of Kronstadt. This is the Dock Pool, the average annual mark of the water surface level is below the zero point of the Kronstadt Fountain by 11.4 meters.

The height above sea level (St. Petersburg, the center) averages 5 meters. In its districts it is distributed as follows: in the central regions - 1-5 meters, in the peripheral northern - 5-30 meters; In the peripheral southern and southwestern regions - 5-2 meters. The area of the Red Village (approximately 70-110 meters) and the Crow's Mountain (176 meters) are the highest areas.

In conclusion, a little about the geology of the area

At the time of the Paleozoic (about 400 million liters ago), the entire territory of the present city was completely covered by the seas. Prevailed here are sedimentary rocks such as clays, sands, sandstones and limestones that cover a thickness of more than 200 m of crystalline basement.

The relief of modernity was formed as a result of the gradual activity of the glacial cover (the Valdai glaciation was 12,000 years ago). Subsequently (after his retreat), the Litorin Sea was formed, which receded 4,000 years ago, after which the valley of the river was formed. Neva, composed of sediments of lake-glacial and postglacial deposits. During the past 2500 years, the terrain has not changed much.