What is contusion? Degrees of concussion. Light concussion

The loss of memory, hearing, vision, headaches, vomiting, fatigue and irritability are all consequences of concussion. This term is of Latin origin and is translated as "bruise". Further in the article, let us examine in detail what contusion is.

General information

When considering the question, what is contusion, one should first turn to medical reference books. According to the information, in this literature this concept means a general defeat of the body due to mechanical influence. It, in turn, can be an air, water or sound wave from an explosion or another process. Contusion also occurs from the impact on the ground. It is noteworthy that the victim may not have external signs of injury. Answering the question what is concussion, it should be noted one obvious difference from a bruise. So, the latter, as a rule, is not accompanied by the loss of the affected consciousness. In particularly severe cases with concussion, the patient may fall into a coma. Also, upon coming to consciousness, the victim experiences certain difficulties with speech and hearing, amnesia is possible, which is not observed with the usual bruise. Define the degree of concussion. There are three in total.

Damage to the brain

Common signs of this condition are dizziness and loss of consciousness, in most cases vomiting. The remaining symptoms already depend on the severity of the injury. The intensity of the characteristics already described also increases, depending on how seriously the person is injured. So, a slight concussion, except for the above, is accompanied by noise in the ears, stuttering. Loss of consciousness at a given severity is relatively small in duration. All the consequences of the victim, as a rule, go through a few days. What is a contusion of medium gravity? This condition can be accompanied by bleeding from the ears and nose, the instability of the respiratory system. Perhaps a slight involuntary twitching of the victim's head. A full recovery from the patient may take several weeks.

Heavy contusion of the brain is already on the background of loss of consciousness for a long period. In particularly difficult cases, the patient may have coma. In addition, the symptoms include the disruption of the cardiovascular and motor systems, the involuntary discharge of products of vital activity, as well as the general lethargy and inhibition of the victim. There is also a persistent drowsiness.

With bruises of the brain, it is important to find out where the stroke hit. The consequences of concussion depend on this. So, if the focus falls on the frontal or temporal lobe, when the patient enters consciousness, there will be problems with speech, stuttering or even inability to pronounce anything coherent. If the left hemisphere or the occipital part is affected first of all, there is a violation of sensitivity and paralysis.

Ear contusion

An explosive wave, air or water, very often damages the hearing organs. And we are talking about short-term problems, as well as severe anatomical changes. Hearing disorders occur due to a sudden change in pressure on the tympanic membrane. Often, even its break occurs. However, this kind of contusion is not limited only to the impact on the membrane, the effect is also on the nerve endings. This leads to a temporary loss of orientation and speech disorders. Complete loss of hearing due to this concussion is extremely rare. One-sided deafness and a general decrease in hearing are more common. Nevertheless, the first symptoms that can be observed immediately after a concussion are a complete loss of voice, hearing and speech. True, these consequences are most often in fact short-lived - their duration rarely exceeds several days.

Contusion of the eyeball

The risk of loss of vision with this kind of damage is very high. Regardless of the severity of the injuries, the victim has a temporary or permanent impairment of the functioning of the eyes. Such a trauma, other than the severity level, is still different in the area of injury. So, it is direct and indirect. The first type includes damage, in which the eye directly affected the eye. A strong straight blow to it causes the fibrous capsule to expand in breadth. This contusion is easy when the patient is diagnosed with only a small bleeding. Heavy forms involve traumas right up to the anatomical destruction of the eyeball. Indirect damage is less dangerous. They are caused by a general shaking of the body, for example, when falling from a high altitude.

First aid

Any concussion requires immediate medical intervention. It is worth remembering that the victims need complete rest and hospitalization. Before the doctors arrive, the contusion must be placed in a cool place on one side so that, in the presence of vomit, they do not obstruct the breathing of the victim. In the event that bleeding occurs, it is necessary to stop them, and it is both external injuries and internal ones. Cold is the main ally in the provision of help to the concussion. If it happens in the summer, a wet cold towel should be put on the victim's head, which will make it easier to bear painful symptoms. For cooling, ice bags are also used.

Follow-up therapy

Medical treatment of the consequences of concussion is mainly done by analgesics and tranquilizers. These drugs can remove acute pain and calm the victim. However, additional drug correction may be required in cases of overly pronounced posttraumatic syndromes. For example, with tachycardia and hypertension, beta-blockers are used. For a long time with concussion of the brain, patients were prescribed nootropics and drugs to improve blood circulation. Another patient was prescribed diuretics, xanthine derivatives, B group vitamins and magnesium sulfate. However, the positive effects of these drugs have not been established to date, therefore, these appointments are considered an anachronism. From non-pharmacological treatment patients suffering from paralysis, seizures and other problems with movement are prescribed exercise therapy, and concussed with speech problems are advised to visit a speech therapist.

Life after trauma

At the end of treatment, the person who has undergone a concussion will have to change his rhythm of life, since the organism has experienced a stressful situation. The patient should limit his presence in hot and noisy rooms; Work that requires constant attention and stress is also not recommended. Based on the experience of traditional medicine, concussion is advised to include in your diet vegetable food. The periodic reception of baths with the use of lemon balm and hops, needles, valerian root and peony is encouraged.