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What institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments? Necessity and main aspects

Monuments of cultural heritage play an important role in our life. It is through them that we can become more deeply acquainted with the history that we are studying. We also have the opportunity to leave such a legacy to our descendants, which will help them better imagine our time, culture and mores. But it is important to know which institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments.

Classification of monuments

The spiritual sphere of our society includes many facets. It is worth mentioning some types:

  • Buildings (churches, castles, manors, monasteries, sculptures, monuments, mansions);
  • Articles of household utensils ;
  • Decorative and applied arts (frescoes, icons, various products of metals, fabrics, wood).

Criteria of a monument of a cultural heritage

The signs for assigning an object or object to cultural monuments are usually determined by the following points:

  1. The date of creation of the subject. This can be the year of construction or the approximate determination of the time interval by means of special tools.
  2. To those who author the object.
  3. The presence of a connection with a historical event.
  4. Ecological importance.
  5. The presence of a connection with a public figure.

The Society for the Protection of Cultural Monuments is engaged in such activities as the evaluation of an object and the award of a status to it. And it is necessary for everyone to know what institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments.

The Importance of Preservation of Cultural Heritage

It is worthwhile to consider in detail why it is necessary to protect cultural monuments from destruction as natural (meaning the impact of external and internal natural factors that do not depend on a person), and of an artificial nature (mechanical damage associated with human activity). Negligence or deliberate destruction of monuments led to the loss of many cultural values. About them it was learned only from books, official documents and myths, which describe real events, but are slightly embellished.

Protection of cultural monuments should be carried out everywhere and on a regular basis. But it is often possible to observe how any important monuments have sunk into oblivion, and only after several centuries experts recognized that the lost objects were the greatest achievements of that time.

What institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments?

The protection of cultural heritage became popular only in the eighteenth century. Peter I issued a special decree, and only then began to protect important cultural monuments. But in connection with the imitation of European culture, many ancient things were not valued, the same can be said about the churches. They were demolished in large numbers, for example, to expand the city and build new houses. Only under Nicholas I was the destruction of buildings.

After that, special organizations were organized that evaluated and protected monuments of cultural heritage. But during the civil war and during the atheistic sentiments in politics, important objects were destroyed. Some manors and churches saved only the fact that they created various museums.

What institutions are involved in the preservation of cultural monuments now? At the moment, the number of such organizations is simply amazing. There are many restoration workshops, institutes of cultural studies, scientific research institutes of restoration, various museums, etc.

All these organizations primarily preserve, restore and protect what is already available at the moment. Also, such institutions are constantly looking for new, more accurately, well-forgotten or lost monuments of cultural heritage. In this they are helped by manuscripts, official documents, photographs of both personal nature, and from the archives of museums, personal correspondence, stories, books, paintings.

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