What characterizes the national resources of society? National Resources of Russia

Such a term as "national resources of society" is often found in the scientific community. In what context is it most commonly used? What practical value does it have for science and the economy of the world? What can characterize the national resources of Russian society? How correctly to interpret this term in relation to various spheres?

The subtleties of the conceptual apparatus

In most contexts, the term "national resources of society" is closely related to information technology. Of course, this concept itself can be used much more widely. So it often happens. Under national resources can be understood as those that are relevant to nature, to the intellect of the nation, culture, traditions.

But in practice this term most often correlates with another - "information resources". Let us consider the essence of this phenomenon.

Information resources - what is it?

What are the main concepts that reveal the essence of such a phenomenon as information resources? Among the popular ones is a definition based on a theory according to which human society develops consistently in the course of the formation of various historical formations. According to the widespread classification, there are pre-industrial societies, that is, those in which the human life support base was based on manual labor. Gradually it developed. As a result, an industrial society emerged , in which the main efforts of people were directed to the production of material goods.

There was a term like "resource", which means a certain reserve, which can be used, if necessary. To those that are characteristic of industrial society, scientists usually refer to material, labor, natural, and financial resources . There are at the same time world, but there are national resources of society. The industrial formation, as social theorists believe, has evolved into an informational one. There were, in turn, world and national information resources.

On national information resources

The theorists of the postindustrial society believe that modern developed countries , as the dependence on various sources of information - economic, political, technical - has grown, began to need a suitable resource that would allow, for example, to effectively transfer, process and store data. As a result, under the urgent demands of society and the economies of developed countries, so-called national information resources appeared. What are their characteristics? What characterizes the national resources of the society of the post-industrial formation?

They are usually classified as economic categories. That is, the importance of information resources can be traced primarily at the level of work on the efficiency of production and other types of business models. As soon as this instrument appeared in the developed countries, the processes in the corresponding segments of the economy accelerated.

World market of national information resources

Theorists talk about the emerging market of national information resources. How is it arranged? The countries of the world on its territory export samples of various resources to each other, which in practice can be hardware-software solutions, various kinds of patents, drawings, licenses, concepts of production and economic management, knowledge, patterns of behavior. There is the thesis that the information resources related to information resources are characterized by free access. That is, it is assumed that anyone can use them from their computer.

So, to the resources of a postindustrial society, thus, include knowledge, databases, certain algorithms (in practice they are computer programs that we use today), which enable us to solve actual problems. National information resources, as some experts believe, should have in the eyes of citizens of countries no less value than those characteristic of an industrial formation. What is their practical significance?

Importance of information resources

First of all, it consists in the fact that the national resources of the society, which are related to the type of information, serve as a tool for creating socially significant products. What for example? The theorists of the information society refer to these as virtually any digital products - files, programs. One of their characteristics is location on some data carrier, electronic (in this case it is a question of the possibility of its transfer from one subject to another in non-material form) or traditional - in the form of books or documents.

With information products are closely neighbors of the same type of service. What are they? According to popular opinion among the theorists, information services are the result of non-productive activities of people with the purpose of helping someone to satisfy one or another of the needs. In this case, we are talking about the need to obtain an information product.

Information and automated systems

How are the mechanisms for using resources characteristic of post-industrial systems (which are traditionally considered to be automated)? How do they rotate information?

To answer these questions, we again have to go a little deeper into the theory. First, let's try to determine what the "information system" is. According to the interpretation of the interpretation of the theorists of post-industrial society, this term is very capacious. It can include several components at once. One of them is the information world and national resources of society, the characteristic of which was given above. That is, it is data, information, knowledge in the form of documents and files. Also, information systems can include data sets designed to structure information for the purpose of their effective application in solving particular problems. Another component of information systems is technology, which are tools and methods for collecting, storing and processing data. In addition, in information systems there are various kinds of functionally significant mechanisms. These are hardware, software, legal tools, organizational resources, and so on.

The role of information systems today

According to the theses of theorists, the world's and information resources belonging to the world are the basis of modern process control systems. They find their practical application in the form of computerized systems, including communication ones. The role of the toolkit intended for information processing, experts consider, is as great for modern developed countries, as well as industrial resources in an industrial society. The economic power of states is largely determined not only by, say, national natural resources, but also by information resources.

Information and economic systems

With the phenomenon in question, there are closely related, therefore, economic systems. Consider it on the example of our country. The functioning of modern enterprises, according to theorists, at a level that meets the needs of the post-industrial society, is possible only when only high-quality information resources are used. The potential of their application is just as great as the one that is typical for industry, energy, education. It is known that all these phenomena are the national resources of Russia. And their importance is not much disputed by anyone.

At the same time, if we follow the concepts of theorists of the postindustrial society, our country has chances for world influence only if it develops mechanisms that ensure the full realization of the potential inherent in national information resources. How should this happen? How to use the potential in question, so that the Russian national resource in the form of a combination of natural resources, people's intellect, culture is complemented by mechanisms characteristic of post-industrial trends?

What is the information potential of society?

Theorists believe that the information potential that is present in the society should not be limited to the possibility of using only a technological tool. It is important that the state has an appropriate level of scientific school, social institutions have been developed that can impart new impulses in using the opportunities that information resources provide. We need a school for training specialists who are ready to do this.

Russia's national information resources are thus not only access to technology, but also opportunities for carrying out relevant research, allowing qualitative improvement of methodological and engineering approaches to solving urgent problems. Only in this case there is a chance in the Russian Federation to build, according to theorists of post-industrialism, a modern information society. Actually, what is it, according to popular concepts, can it represent?

What is the Information Society?

A common interpretation is that it is legitimate to consider information society, where a significant part of citizens are engaged in that receives, processes, transfers or stores various kinds of information, files, data. That is, it operates with the main national resource - information, through which people can effectively organize any kind of activities. What are the criteria for the development of society to the level of information? Experts name three main ones - the prevalence of computer equipment, the development of networks, as well as the percentage of the population working in the IT field.

Well, judging by these criteria, Russia can fully claim the status of a country that has managed to build an information society. The Russian national resource is supplemented by world-famous giants of the IT industry, the growing market of online retail and other segments (banking, processing, etc.) that are adjacent to it. Some experts also believe that the criterion of a post-industrial society can be considered the ability of citizens to navigate in the legal and ethical nuances of a new formation. It's about the so-called "information culture".

Information resources and development of countries

According to a number of theorists, the prospects for the development of modern states can depend on how effectively the concepts of tapping the potential of information resources in various sectors of the economy will be implemented. Why? As we have said above, the main thing that characterizes the national resources of the society, relating to information - is belonging to the economic category. The most important aspect of the development of society and the country is the effectiveness of their use. Economic information is one of the most practically significant parts of the resources in question. The state's stability, the stability of its production systems and business models depend, therefore, on the quality of the national information resources of society.

Connection with international space

It is interesting that the significance of the concepts of theorists of post-industrial formations is recognized not only in narrow scientific circles, but also at the level of big politics. There are examples of international agreements, the sides of which, in the person of individual states of the world, recognized the importance of joint work in the sphere of forming the commonality of information resources and corresponding systems. In particular, in a number of documents reflecting the signing of this type of interstate agreements, it is said that modern partnership is largely based on the quality of information that is used by society - both at the level of individual nations and in the aspect of global interaction.

Informatization, experts believe, is recognized by governments as an important aspect of the development of the world's economy and culture. To monitor the procedures that ensure the implementation of the potential of the relevant resource, responsible structures and institutions are established at the state level, in the system of executive authorities. If the relevant agreement signed by the states provides for the implementation of measures related to the effective use of the potential of information resources, coordinators with significant powers can be identified to solve such problems.

It is also interesting that the conceptual apparatus, which is laid down by the theorists of the postindustrial society, is practically also expressed in interstate agreements. This may indicate that the problems of the concepts that we are considering today - those that affect national information resources - are accepted and, on the whole, more or less unequivocally interpreted at the level of international partnership. Including with the participation of Russia. Also, in order to ensure that partners in the person of different states do not differ in understanding the goals and tasks arising in the course of joint work, standards can be defined on the basis of which participants in the process of consolidating state priorities in the development of the information potential of the society can interact. Simultaneously with the elements of standardization, it is also possible to establish certification procedures for the partners to ensure that they have the correct tools to use the rules and norms fixed in the course of the agreements.

Information resources and the Russian IT-space

What can our country boast of in practice, if we talk about the development of the information culture, about how effectively we use the appropriate resource, about the level of technology penetration? We have described above what characterizes the national resources of an informational type society - the relationship with the economy. How much is this trend expressed in Russia?

Examples in Russia that would give answers to these questions in an optimistic manner are sufficient in Russia. Take for consideration such a trend as the translation of library content (books, articles, journals) from traditionally paper to digital form. Here, Russia is doing well. We have, for example, such an online project as "Rukont" - a national digital resource where Internet users can download books, periodicals, various kinds of multimedia content - audio, video, and programs. This portal is an interbranch library based on the concept of "CONTEXTUM". "Rukont" - a national digital resource, which is familiar to many Russians, it is replenished with new sources of knowledge every day. Its creators are actively working to improve the functionality of the interface, and the content content is constantly expanding. The resource has a large network of partners, which include major publishers, universities, libraries. And not only in Russia, but also abroad.

In Russia, a system of reference electronic catalogs is developed. They can find information on, perhaps, most registered in our country legal entities - businesses, government agencies, non-profit organizations. If we, for example, are interested in the Charity Fund "National Resources", then information about this institution, we can easily find not even in one online catalog.

With the importance of the IT sphere in the economy, we are also in order. Turnovers of the largest Russian corporations in this sphere are estimated at billions of dollars. Many IT brands from our country are known all over the world and are leaders in their segments. In Russia there are also competitive online projects - a well-known national resource for mail exchange, not even one, a huge social network, its own search system.

As for the level of Internet distribution in Russia, these indicators are generally comparable with developed countries. Access to the network is for residents of almost all settlements, and through several channels at once. This is a wired connection, mobile, satellite. Therefore, the level of information culture we probably should not be inferior to what is present in developed countries. It is very important. This, according to theorists, is what characterizes the national resources of a society of a post-industrial type. Along with, naturally, with the economic factor.