HomelinessRepairs

Ventilation in the house

Imagine that there is no ventilation in the house or apartment. Inevitably there would be a problem of dampness, unpleasant odor, diseases, irritated people, etc. American scientists found that because of improper ventilation of flats in 2006, 5000 people died of various diseases in the world and about 10 000 000 suffer from various ailments.

Therefore, building standards require that the ventilation system in the apartment, warehouses, offices, in the household and utility rooms is installed during the construction period. Want to feel comfortable both at home and in the office, want a healthy sleep, and at work tirelessness and ingenious ideas? Take care of a good ventilation system.

An important point in the design of room ventilation is the rate of air exchange, which determines the possibility (number of times) of the given system to replace the entire volume of air in the room within an hour.

Ventilation is the controlled air exchange necessary to remove exhaust air from the room and replace it with an outside air, to maintain relative humidity and temperature, to remove vapors of harmful substances and dust. Ventilation in the house must ensure the sanitary and hygienic norms of the air environment. Under this notion in technology, often referred to as equipment systems, instruments and devices for these purposes.

More MV. Lomonosov created the theory of air movement in pipes and canals. But prior to the beginning of the XIX century, ventilation was reduced to ventilation, then a system with a thermal, very imperfect, motivation of supply and exhaust air begins to develop. And only with the advent of centrifugal fans technology is quickly improved. The next stage of development is the appearance of electric motors with variable speed of revolutions. Today, ventilation in the house is carried out through the use of special systems (a set of devices for the supply, transportation, treatment and disposal of air) classified by:

  • With natural and mechanical movement of air.
  • Supply and exhaust ventilation system.
  • Common, emergency, local, smoke.
  • Channelless and channel.

Ventilation in the house is arranged according to the established algorithm: air exchange is considered and the section of air ducts is selected, the type of system is selected and its scheme is drawn up.

For comfort in the house is important not only fresh air, its temperature, but also the speed of moving air flows. From this point of view, natural ventilation is most comfortable, but it is not enough. Therefore, when building a house "from scratch" it is necessary to execute ventilation ducts in the walls of the kitchen, baths, and toilets. Its cross-section should be small, therefore it is necessary to apply mechanical ventilation. In this case, the air exchange is accomplished due to the difference in pressure created by the ejector or fan.

In apartment buildings, during construction, a vertical ventilation duct is usually arranged to remove the "used" air, and the fresh one comes through doors and windows. Air exchange occurs due to the difference in temperature and pressure inside and outside the room, direction and strength of the wind. But natural ventilation is usually not enough to create a microclimate, you need a compulsory maximally compact and economical system. Typical solutions to this problem are duct conditioning or supply and exhaust ventilation.

Channel air conditioning is advisable in apartments of large area and complex planning. The air conditioner takes air from the room, mixes it with the incoming from the street and sends it to the rooms through a network of air ducts.

The supply and exhaust ventilation is provided by air circulation through the window valves (at the top of the plastic window) or fans and ventilation ducts at home.

The exhaust system is most often used in industrial facilities. It supports favorable meteorological parameters in premises for different purposes and consists, as a rule, of an air intake grille and an air valve, a filter and a heater or an air heater, a sound attenuator and a fan, air ducts and air distributors controlling the automation. Most often, the supply and exhaust system is arranged as a general exchange (for the whole room) and local (in the workplace with harmful emissions) with a balanced output.

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