Types of wounds and first aid for wounding

Everyone's life began with an injury that everyone knows about, but no one remembers. It's about cutting the umbilical cord. In the future, such wounds, which were forgotten immediately after their healing, each of us is typed more than a dozen. Someone was cut with a knife, someone was pricked with a pin, and someone put another bruise to themselves. A wound is any damage to the skin, penetrating, superficial, with abundant blood or almost bloodless, almost painless or requiring painkillers.

Types of wounds are different, which is affected by the types of injuries that led to their getting. Despite the different nature of the injuries received, there are several general rules for the first pre-hospital care for the victim.

First - if the wound caused a heavy bleeding, it must be stopped. This is done either by clamping the wound for several minutes, or by applying a tourniquet above the wound area.

The second rule is to rinse the wound of contaminants. Do this not with alcohol or vodka, but with clean water. Well, if you can wash the wound with soap.

The third indisputable rule is to disinfect only the area around the wound. Neither alcohol, nor iodine, nor bactericidal ointments in the wound are poured and are not pawned. The only thing that can be poured into it - a solution of hydrogen peroxide, decassane or chlorhexidine. Land to land, powder, powders from a mixture of roots is strictly prohibited.

The fourth, the most important rule - to any, even the smallest wound can not be neglected and do not let her healing on its own.

Now consider a little more details of the types of wounds.

A person can harm himself on his own, most often by his own negligence. If he hit his head against the door jamb, hit himself on the finger with a hammer, hit a fall and the like, such a trauma will be called a bruise, and a wound bruised. As a rule, with this injury there is only a small hematoma, resulting from the rupture of capillaries in the subcutaneous layer. To ensure that it does not turn out to be too extensive, and also to relieve pain, with bruises it is recommended to apply cold immediately to the injured place.

If you hit yourself on the finger not with a hammer, but with a cast iron disc, you can get a heavy bruised wound with rupture of the skin and with a bone crushing. In this case, it is necessary to stop the bleeding, and immediately take the victim to the hospital.

Not less than bruises we are trapped with cut wounds. They are made with a well-ground knife, a sheet of paper or any other object with a sharp cutting surface. As a rule, with such injury, the walls of the cut are even, but the blood always flows. On the one hand, it's bad, but on the other hand, well - the blood stream itself is washing the pathogens out of the wound. What should you do if there is such a nuisance? Stop the blood and treat the area around the wound with iodine or alcohol.

Another common types of wounds are chipped. If you prick your finger with a pin, nothing serious will happen, it will hurt and heal. Still, it is worthwhile to anoint the injection site with a bactericide. But the stab wounds are quite dangerous. If the piercing object is not a pin, but, for example, a metal pin, forks and the like, then the wound is obtained by deep penetrating. It can not only cause pain and cause profuse bleeding, but also interrupt the life of a person, especially if the chest or stomach is injured. The victim in these cases should be immediately taken to the hospital. On the spot, the only thing that can be done is to close the penetrating hole. To the wound, apply several layers of fabric, gauze, a piece of polyethylene - that there is at hand. Well, if you can soak gauze with fat.

You can get a wound from the actions of another person. Most often, these are gunshot and stab wounds. They are of varying severity, but profuse bleeding is always observed. Treatment of wounds in such cases is reduced to stopping bleeding. This is the first thing to do. On the injured limbs, a tourniquet is superimposed, indicating the exact time of application. Bleeding of other parts of the body stops with bandaging. After this, the victim must be taken to the hospital. With severe pain, you can give him any painkiller. But if there is a penetrating wound in the abdominal or thorax region, you can neither drink nor eat. These kinds of wounds are extremely difficult, with the outward entrainment of the viscera. You can not put them in their place, you can only impose with sterile or at least just clean bandages, pieces of cloth, cotton and bandage.

In addition to the human injury, we are inflicted by our smaller brethren. They bite us, sting and peck us. Even if such a trauma at first sight seems harmless, you need to see a doctor. Why? Because even the beak of a chicken can have rabies viruses, not to mention dogs, foxes and cats. A wound with such a trauma is treated according to general rules, and the victim addresses to the doctor. Pitying is no less dangerous. If the snake did it, you need to suck the poison out of the wound and take it to the doctor. If the insect stings, and the victim does not have an allergy to poison, you can remove the sting and do not contact the doctor. In cases where an allergy to insect venom takes place, the victim may die within minutes from suffocation. To prevent this, he needs to inject intravenously or at least intramuscularly antihistamines as soon as possible and immediately deliver to the hospital.