Types of goods

The variety of goods with which we deal every day, confronts us with the need for their classification. This simplifies, as a result, the process of acquiring and studying the market by specialists for the development and promotion of goods.

According to the principle of tangibility, the following types of goods are distinguished:

1. Material-material or possessing a physical form:
   • Solid materials - wood, steel, coal;
   • Gaseous materials - helium, hydrogen, carbon dioxide;
   • Liquid materials - gasoline, oil, gas.
2. Non-material or intangible:
   • Cash and non-cash, securities, currency;
   • Information is a specific commodity that brings profit to its owner provided that it is reliable, operational and complete;
   • Services of different properties - there are places where the buyer acquires utility from services, and its supplier - the benefit from their provision.

Classification of goods in marketing occurs on other grounds. Here, the product acts as an element of the marketing complex, rising in line with the price and methods of promotion and distribution of products. In order for the goods to be bought, the seller faces the need to study the market and the level of consumer demand.

Depending on the type of market where there is a sale and purchase, you can identify the following types of goods.

1. Consumer goods. That is, those products and services that are targeted at the end user. They are usually used for personal or domestic purposes in everyday life. These are food, footwear and clothing, furniture, electrical household goods and cars.
2. Industrial goods. Are intended for further processing.

The main feature, according to which these types of goods differ from each other, is the purpose for which they are purchased. For example, if the buyer purchased a lawnmower and plans to use it to design landscaping, then this object becomes an industrial product. But he should start using it to cut his own lawn, as the same tool goes into the category of consumer goods.

The listed types of goods have their subspecies. Industrial goods are divided into raw materials, components and materials, auxiliary materials, services, capital assets.

• Raw materials - agricultural products (grain, meat, vegetables, fruits, etc.) and natural products (wood, iron ore, oil).
• Accessories and materials. Materials (iron, cement, yarn) often undergo additional processing, and components (tires, motors, etc.) are part of the final product unchanged.
• Auxiliary services and materials are either working materials (grease, paper, coal), or materials used for repair or maintenance.
• Capital property - is intended for use by the buyer in its production activities. This is the whole buildings, and individual offices, as well as industrial equipment.

Consumer goods are divided by the behavior of buyers during the purchase and the nature of the demand for several major subspecies.

• Impulsive acquisition. Goods bought spontaneously under the influence of unplanned factors (books, sweets, chewing gum , etc.). Often bought at unexpected locations of such goods.
• Emergency acquisition. Goods that are bought by suddenly arisen need, such as medicines, parts, umbrellas, etc.
• Interchangeable goods. That is, similar products that meet the same needs. These are tea and coffee, margarine and butter.
• Complementary goods - CD-player and CDs to it, digital cameras and memory cards.

For the convenience of both buyers and suppliers and manufacturers, a single classifier of goods was issued, in which each of them was assigned its nomenclature code.