Types and forms of library activities

Specialists analyzing the activity of libraries note the negative tendency of using the same forms of work in them. At present, fascinating programs for readers are rarely developed. As a rule, the organization of long-known events is being restructured without introducing any new elements into them. This significantly reduces the interest in visiting institutions. As a result, libraries are gradually starting to turn into archives. Meanwhile, one of the priority tasks of the cultural and educational sphere is the development of love and respect for books. Let us consider some types and forms of library activities.

Day of information

In the course of it, various forms of library activities for children and adults can be used. The organization of the day of information involves the development of an exciting program. Its main goal is to provide readers with information about new acquisitions. The frequency of the conduct will depend on the volume of incoming literature. If it is small, then it is advisable to organize the information day once a month. The institution notifies the readers of the date by means of posters, advertisements, in the local press or by special letters. The reports contain specific names and forms of library activities that will be carried out within the information day. The program can include familiarization with art publications, critical notes. During the day of information, the authors can present themselves, presenting their works. Such a form of holding library events has many advantages. First of all, readers get acquainted with works one of the first. If the authors themselves are present at the presentation, you can take their autograph, ask questions of interest.

Specialist Day

It acts as a special form of library methodical activities. The organization of the specialist's day also presupposes the compilation of a comprehensive program. It includes direct demonstration of primary and secondary documentation, familiarization with advanced scientific achievements in the cultural and educational sphere. By its nature, specialist's day is an intermediate form of work. There can be a lot of library activities. However, the day of the specialist has a special practical significance among them. In the course of it, the employees of the institution receive methodical information, explanations for certain instructions. Within the expert's day, it is advisable to arrange seminars and discussions. They can discuss innovative forms of library activities.

Overview

This form of library activities has a number of features. The review assumes familiarization with the documents, a summary of their brief content. It can be thematic. For example, the forms of library activities on ecology presuppose familiarization of readers with the latest scientific articles on the protection of nature, a visual demonstration of publications devoted to the natural habitat. Within the framework of the review day, experts and experts can act. They give comments on articles, notes, explain the significance of certain discoveries. Such forms of library activities on ecology instill a craving for knowledge, an understanding of the importance of the topic and the role of each person in the protection of nature.

Discussion of the book

Within the framework of this form of library activities for children and adults, different points of view regarding a particular publication are considered. Its substantive and artistic merits and demerits are discussed. In the conversation, attention is focused on the relevance of the problems mentioned in the book, the subject matter, the method of submitting the material, and so on. A phased organization is typical for this form of library activities. At the first stage, preparation is carried out. In particular, the work and theme of the discussion are selected in accordance with the interests of the audience. After that, information is collected and processed - opinions of critics, literary critics, reader's assessments. After that, theses are prepared and a discussion plan is drawn up: an introduction to the problem, the formulation of questions. In the course of the conversation, it is important to organize a dialogue, exchange opinions and conclusions, summarize all that has been said and evaluate the result. For discussion, any work of art, including that studied in the school, can be taken out. Very cognitive will be such forms of library activities for Lermontov, Tolstoy, Pushkin and other classics.

Reader Benefit

Within the framework of this form of library activities for young people, acquaintance with the best visitors of the institution is carried out. Benefit is designed to strengthen the authority of readers, increase their social status. In the course of the event, other visitors are introduced to the biography of a person, to some aspects of his life. The best readers, in turn, can show their favorite books, to acquaint them with their content and their opinions about them. In the framework of the benefit, musical compositions can also be listened to. The main task of this form of library activities is the illustration of the role of the book in the formation of the personality of a person, his fate, mastery of knowledge.

Bookcrossing and flash drive

Recently, in practice, completely new forms of library activities began to be used. The list of them for today is still small, but among them one can note those that have already become popular. First of all it is necessary to say about bookcrossing. It is, in simple terms, the process of releasing various books. A person, after reading a work, leaves it in a public place. It can be a metro station, a cafe, a park and so on. Another person can take this book and, after reading, also leaves it in some place. At the same time, the edition receives its unique number, according to which it can be tracked on special websites.

Flashback is the second popular form of library activities today. This term is called a book flash mob on the Internet. Those wishing to participate in the action create a page in social networks ("Odnoklassniki", "VKontakte", "Facebook", etc.) in the name of the work. After that initiators begin to invite users to their community. On the page you can spread bright quotes from the work, illustrations, biographical information, extract from the author's correspondence, etc. Modern forms of library activities require, as a rule, the presence of a PC and the Internet. In this case, often people who are in a particular group, meet and in real life.

Literary Karaoke

New forms of library activities should be primarily fascinating. It is important to provide an atmosphere in which readers can express their opinions without hesitation, demonstrate their abilities and talents. New forms of library activities include various competitions and promotions. Very exciting can be, for example, literary karaoke. It is a contest of reciters with music. The melody is matched to the rhythm, size or mood of the poem. The reader does not know what kind of work he will get. The task is to catch the rhythm of music and verse and connect them.

Literary Opening Day

Many poets, writers within the limits of the creativity devote works to outstanding figures of art, culture. Literary Opening Day - a game in which two teams participate. The first represents such "portraits." For example, a small annotation to the biography is given, verses or prose are read. The task of the second team is to guess the person we are talking about.

Shock-lesson

This form of activities is prepared on a specific topical topic. For example, a shock lesson can be devoted to addiction, tobacco smoking, AIDS. As a basis, letters of people who are addicted or having diseases, their revelations can act. In this case, the source material is not edited, but is presented in its original form with the preservation of vocabulary and content. In the framework of such training it is advisable to show video recordings. During the lesson, statistics are presented.

Evening Divertissement

It is a small concert. Within the framework of the evening, poetry and prose are read, music is heard, including live. The program can include works of completely different genres. It can be popular songs, classical melodies, comic skits, serious monologues. In such a relaxed atmosphere, communication takes place.

Question-answer evening

During the event, readers are involved in cognitive activities, interest in industry and fiction is becoming more active. Questions can be devoted to a particular topic or several subjects. The choice will depend on the interests of the readers. Preliminary readers compile lists of questions from which a certain number of questions are selected. Evening can, for example, hold on the topic of local history. Specialists, historians, museum workers are invited to the institution. As part of the form of library events on local history, readers will learn many interesting facts about their region from the mouth of experts.

Games

These forms of library activities have become very popular lately. To familiarize readers with the culture, history of the region, traditions, travel games are organized. Activities are held in imaginary conditions. All participants have certain roles. They can write letters, diaries from the scene. Such activities activate the imagination. Before the game, participants prepare, collect and study information on the topic, maps, directories and so on.

"Pecha-pile"

The name of this event comes from the Japanese word, in the translation meaning "chatter". "Peach-pile" involves the submission of short reports, limited in content and form. As a rule, this form of activities is used at informal conferences. The speaker makes a presentation presentation consisting, for example, of 20 slides. Each of them is shown for 20 seconds. After the last frame, the next participant's report is automatically launched. The number of such presentations can vary from 8 to 12.

"5 minutes with art"

This event is a flexible and easy form of familiarizing with the beautiful. It implements the principle of "small dosage." Such events are designed for people who are not accustomed to artistic thinking. In this regard, communication with art is short-lived and short-lived. For several minutes, one or several works are perceived. At the same time, no analysis and evaluation is performed. The essence of the event is to express your own impression of the work shown. In this case, there should not be an imposition of someone's opinion.

The organization and conduct of such an event requires careful preparation. In this case, different aspects are taken into account. Attention is drawn to the arrangement of chairs, the interior, the demonstration place. A short introduction is mandatory. It will provide the necessary psychological attitude. The final moment concerning direct dialogue of participants is also important.

Experts recommend that such events be held periodically. For example, you can make a series of hits of the works of an author, timed to coincide with the anniversary. It is very effective to use a double art line. Works of various kinds can be demonstrated, while one will act as a background. For example, when showing the picture "Spring" (Botticelli) Vivaldi's music is included. In this case, two psychological channels will be activated: auditory and visual. Some impressions will strengthen others.

With special attention should be paid to the content of the material. It should be accessible for understanding and cognitive. Positive emotions caused by such five-minute sessions, contribute to the awakening of interest in art.

Bibliotherapy

Literally it means "treatment by books". The official definition of bibliotherapy was given by the Association of Hospital Libraries. Such treatment involves the use of specially selected works as therapeutic agents in psychiatry and general medicine. With the help of directional reading, various personal problems are solved. Initially, the therapist was called a wise man, a thinker, an impeccable ascetic ascetic who dedicated his life to studying the spiritual side of the world. In the modern sense, they can be considered an "information worker who treats with a word."

The essence of therapy

It has been scientifically established that reading books can have a beneficial effect on a person. Certain works contribute to recovery, maintaining a psychological balance. The art of intelligent, beautiful, kind words can cause a revolution in the mind, change the person's views on certain phenomena. The power of artistic works is very great.

The origin of book therapy

For the first time the treatment of works began to be used in monasteries. As a rule, these were ecclesiastical editions. The shepherd read prayers before people, explained the Law of God. Currently, bibliotherapy is used in the treatment of people suffering from neuroses. In this case, the impact is not only a word, but also music. The latter appears as a background, shading the tonality of the reader. The truth that the word has medicinal properties was known in ancient times. Along with music, it beneficially influenced all life, the mood and feelings of people. All known Hippocrates specifically prescribed patients courses of such treatment. Pythagoras once said that music can save people from insanity. During the period of illness, the artistic perception of a person changes. So, some begin to attract works filled with desperation and pessimism. In such books a person tries to draw parallels with his life. It also happens in another way. Man, on the contrary, attracts works full of optimism and ending well.

Methodology

Bibliotherapy can be done in many ways. The most effective is the cycle of "medical" hours. Within each of them, a literary-musical composition with a certain psychological mood appears. Specially selected poems, prose, melody. Literary and musical compositions should awaken good and bright feelings in listeners, contribute to gaining confidence, a point of support in a stressful situation. Book therapy is aimed at correcting the psychological perception of the surrounding world.

The principal difference between a bibliotherapeutic clock and traditional events is that only music and the word are used for the impact. In such cases there is no habitual propaganda of the book - elements of conversation, review, etc. The key task of the librarian is to act as a master performer, reader. Equally important is the relevance of the content of the book of the chosen melody. The composition can begin with slow, calm music, translating it gradually into a more lively one. End the event with a melody that transmits the sounds of nature. The themes of the hours can be very different. For example, read works about happiness, family, love, friendship, communication with nature, art.

Additional Information

It is worth saying that today there is debate about the benefits and harms of those or other literary works. Therapeutic effect is undoubtedly rendered by a book written by a spiritually healthy author. The mechanism of therapy consists in recognizing the person in the hero of the work, trying on the lessons that he derives from the described events. It is known that optimistic people are recovering faster. According to representatives of eastern medicine, treatment will not bring any results if a person is depressed and devastated. Accordingly, it is not necessary to give the patient, who is experiencing discord in the family, "Anna Karenina." As observations show, the reading of Brodsky, Shakespeare, Bunin helps to get rid of gloomy thoughts that oppress a person. Dostoevsky's works are distinguished by mystery. They awaken in some readers previously unknown experiences and sensations. Some are tired of Tolstoy's works. The books of Gogol and Chekhov differ in their unusualness, variety of moods. There are among them both merry and deeply philosophical works.

Conclusion

Recently, the activity of readers in libraries has significantly decreased. This is connected, of course, with the introduction of computer technologies. More and more people prefer electronic, not paper books. Nevertheless, libraries continue to work and involve people, carry out various activities aimed at inculcating love for literature, activating cognitive interest. To increase attendance, you need to develop exciting programs. At the same time it is necessary to build on the interests of readers.

The main visitors of libraries are children. It is quite difficult to achieve from the child assiduity and interest in the book. To attract children to reading game forms of library activities are used. The study of literature, both classical and written in recent years, allows you to expand your horizons, to learn many facts that were unknown before from people's lives.