The toilet bowl: the device, the principle of operation. Installing the waste tank

In order to understand the principle of the discharge tank, you must at least superficially familiarize yourself with its device.

Flush tank assembly

The toilet bowl is a device that consists of a body, a trigger, a guide pipe, a locking device, a pear and a saddle. The body is made mainly of ceramic or plastic. Slightly less often there are tanks of metal. The trigger mechanism exists in the form of buttons, as well as levers that are located on top of the lid or are on the side. The drain valve for the toilet bowl depends on the price of the product, as well as the country of manufacture.

The operating principle of the waste tank

The tank is operated by pressing the trigger. This mechanism of the drain tank, in turn, is associated with its internal design.

Before pressing the button, the device is in the standby mode. It has water, which is filled automatically to a certain level. All the liquid is held by the pear-tank pear, which is on its bottom. It is made of rubber, so it fits snugly against the saddle.

When a person presses a button or pulls the handle, thrust is activated. It, in turn, affects the pear, and she begins to rise. As a result, the saddle will not overlap, water will enter the opening of the tank and drain into the toilet bowl.

After releasing the button of the toilet tank or the handle, the pear does not return to its original position at the same moment. This would make the sink short. The principle of slowly lowering the pear lies in its arrangement. Inside it is absolutely empty, and there is only air that pushes it up. As the tank is filled with water, the lifting power of the pear tree decreases. As a result, it is completely pressed against the saddle. Without a guide tube, such an action would be impossible. The thing is that a lot of forces are acting on the pear, which lead it towards the least resistance. If it were not connected with the guide pipe, it would never go back to the center, to the saddle.

Adjusting the water level

Adjustment of the water level occurs with the help of a locking device in the tank. The principle of operation distinguishes between piston and membrane devices. The most common in our time are the second. In many respects the choice lies in the simplicity and high reliability. The disadvantages of such mechanisms include their frequent clogging. This is due to the small particles that are contained in the water supply system and get through the flexible piping into the toilet flush tank. The filtering device is fully capable of solving this problem.

How to disassemble the tank?

To repair the drain tank, first you need to understand the reason for its breakdown. To do this, you first need to look at its internal structure. To get to it, simply remove the top cover. For convenience, in many cases it is not fixed on the tank. To remove it, you just need to lift it up. You need to be careful, because the lid of the waste tank is not very light. If it has a handle, it will interfere with the removal. In this situation, it is necessary to deal with it first, and only then remove the lid. It is usually located on the thread of the tank guide tube. In order to remove the handle, it is enough to lift it up slightly and take the tube. When the tube is fixed in one hand, the second one is to unscrew the handle (rotate counter-clockwise in the axis). This is much easier if you fix the guide tube with pliers. After that, the handle can be safely removed, since there are no gaskets and any other parts that are connected to it.

The work of modern tanks

Modern manufacturers in recent years have begun to produce drain tanks, in which the tube passes through the pear along its axis. For more convenience, there is a float, on which there is a special latch. This mechanism works much more efficiently. When you press the trigger mechanism, the pear rises, as in the classical model. Further, it does not descend into the water, but remains in the upper part. This is due to the latch that the float lifted. When the water in the tank is completely exhausted, the latch releases the float, and he returns the pear to its original position.

Checking the design of the tank

Before you start, you need to get rid of all the water in the tank, so that you can consider the entire structure. There are two ways to do this. The first is to shut the toilet in the water supply system and drain the water. The second method consists in fixing the pear in the upper position. In this case, the hole will always be open, and the water will be able to leave the container unhindered. In order to do this, it is necessary to take a float, which is connected with a pear. Further it needs to be fixed in the upper position at the level of the tank edge. For this purpose, a metal rod is perfect. If you do not have one, you can use a screwdriver and arrange it properly.

First of all, it is necessary to inspect the toilet bowl. The device must be clean and free from dirt. If you do not have one, you need to switch your attention to the float. Ideally, it should be in the water no more than half. The water should not be above the level of the drain pipe. After checking the level, it is necessary to start investigating the drain mechanism.

Types of pears and their features

Pears in the drain cisterns exist in two varieties. The first type is a pear-float. On top of it there is a special hole that connects to the rod. This happens with the help of an internal thread, which is in the hole of the pear. The second type is a pear-valve. Like the first, it has a hole from the top in the middle. However, its difference is that it is through. Inside the hole there is also a rod mount. When the connection is defective, water pours through the pear and enters the opening of the tank.

In order to fully inspect it, it is necessary to remove, while detaching from the drain mechanism. Pear-float simply unscrews if the rod is fixed. In order to remove it, it is necessary to turn the toilet tank flap valve, which is located under the trigger mechanism.

The shape of the pear should be without obvious defects. If visible cracks and irregularities, then it can not be further exploited.

Purchase of a new pear should be given special attention. If its size is greater than before, it will not be able to securely close the hole. As a result, it will have to be changed or manually grinded with an emery column.

After installing a new pear, you need to monitor its operation. There are cases when the water continues to ooze even after replacement. This can be due to the fact that the edges of the pear did not fully take the shape of the saddle. After a couple of hours of active operation of the tank, it must finally settle and take the desired form.

Installing the waste tank

Installation takes place in five stages. The first is to collect all the elements. The drain valves for the toilet bowl must be folded according to the instructions. At the second stage, the tank is attached to the toilet bowl. For this, use special fastening screws. The third stage is to connect the drain tank to the water supply system. All drain joints must be securely connected. In the fourth stage, adjust the float inside the tank. For this, it is exposed to the required level, to which water will be drawn. Finally, the fifth stage consists in a trial run after the completion of all work. If there are no leaks, and the water is recruited into the toilet bowl, it means everything is working properly.

Causes of crankcase failure

In order to eliminate the leak at home, it is not necessary to invite plumbing. The prices for its services will hit your pocket, and in fact it is enough only to familiarize yourself with the general principle of work, prepare the necessary instrument and buy the necessary parts in the market. The main thing is to understand that the mechanism of the reservoir wears out over time, and will always require repair or a complete replacement. Breakdown in many cases is accompanied by water leakage. In some situations, water can flow into the toilet, in others - it is unexpected on the floor in the toilet. This type of breakdown is extremely dangerous and requires quick intervention. Otherwise, all the water will reach neighbors, and there will be even more problems. However, malfunctions of the internal mechanism of the drain tank are not always accompanied by leaks. Sometimes the tank just does not gain water. Buying a very expensive toilet in the market will not solve the problem, since they have one design. The difference in most cases is only in individual details. Inside the drain tanks are arranged exactly the same. Also, the problem of tank failure can be triggered. Often it happens that it starts to seize and then can not normally be used. In many respects it depends on its type. Given the features of the trigger mechanism, you need to buy a new button or the lever of the toilet bowl on the market.

Dirt in a tank

The second most common cause of damage to the drain tank (after a pear malfunction) is the accumulated dirt in it. Since the toilet bowl is a device that is directly connected to the water supply system of the house, all the impurities fall into it. Since in most cases there is not very clean water in the water pipe, there are many particles that clog the pipes. It can be rust or other small particles. When they get into the tank, some of them are washed into the toilet when it is used. Another part of the mud settles on the bottom of the tank. When it sticks to the saddle, it prevents the pear from completely closing the hole. As a result, the water does not completely overlap and starts to gradually flow.

Under the lid of the tank, you can always notice a large amount of rust. Pollution in moderate amounts does not need to be cleaned. However, if the layer is large, it is necessary to remove it from the surface. To do this, it is not necessary to use cleaning agents, just simply wipe it with a rag.

Repair of the locking device

Malfunctions associated with the locking mechanism can be eliminated without plumbing. The prices of new parts for the toilet tank are not too high (pear, for example, costs 15-20 rubles, the stock - from 300 to 800 rubles). Problems of the locking mechanism are visible on the float, which is in the drain tank. When it is completely immersed in water, this indicates the presence of liquid in it. This is due to the fact that it is connected to the lever. When the water is filled, it hits the lever and starts to flow down it. If the float is not tight enough, the water will get inside. In order to get rid of water, the float must be removed, scrolled with the lever. Then the liquid must leave unhindered. If this does not happen, you need to suck it off. To do this, you need to prepare a pear and a tube. The last one is put on the pear with one end, and the second end is pushed into the float. When you press it, the water will be sucked off. To avoid further problems with the float, you need to put the flap on the end of the lever. To do this, you can use any plastic lid of a suitable size.