The subject of studying cultural studies are processes and phenomena occurring in society

Culturology as a humanitarian science about the general laws of the development of culture took shape in the works of the American scientist Leslie White. The formation of cultural studies as a science continues even now. The search for methods, forms, definitions - all this indicates some immaturity, but at the same time it says that this science has come out of philosophy into an independent discipline, although it continues to actively interact with it through the philosophy of culture.

The connection between philosophy and culturology is quite complex, due to mutual influence and interaction. This is due to the fact that the problems of the theory of culture initially developed within the framework of philosophy, and some of the individual disciplines of culturology under its strong influence.

By the beginning of the twentieth century, philosophy has begun to formulate a theory of culture, which is associated with a departure from reflection and an increasing desire to describe what culture is. Moving away from the critical and symbolic attitude to culture, philosophy starts, based on ethnographic and anthropological data, to model and predict the development of culture. With the development of methods of description and the emergence of the first descriptions of culture there is a new science of culturology.

However, in connection with the fact that this young science exists, there are many of its interpretations and definitions of them, there are 3 main ones.

1. Culturology is a complex of disciplines studying culture. The essence is the study of historical development to understand the systemic understanding of it.
2. Culturology is the set of different directions of students of culture in one way or another: sociology of culture, culture philosophy, cultural anthropology, etc.
3. Culturology is a science that studies culture. In this regard, has its subject of study, methods and forms.

The subject of cultural studies is various concepts with the help of which this science describes and studies reality.

The subject of studying cultural studies are processes and phenomena occurring in society and having a direct relationship to its culture.

And also the subject of studying cultural studies are the features and specifics of modern civilization, its essence and specificity.

At the same time, the subject of cultural studies is the differences in the local cultures of individual regions, their development and interchangeability at various stages of historical development.

The process of human development, structure, essence and patterns - this is also the subject of cultural studies.

Thus, culturology studies all the phenomena of spiritual and material culture. What is the phenomenon of spiritual culture can be considered on the example of the icon. So, the word "icon", in Greek, means an image, an image. It usually depicts either the face of a saint, or some event from a sacred history. However, the traditional manner of the image is reduced to the minimum details of the material world, concentrating all attention on the spiritual. The icon serves as the object of worship.

Material culture is daily life: food, cooking and raw materials, natural needs, etc. Although the division of culture into spiritual and material is relatively arbitrary. So at one time in Russia there were many bans on eating in accordance with biblical instructions. For example, there was a strict ban on the use of burbot (they lacked scales), crayfish and potatoes, which they called "fucking eggs." Based on these prohibitions on eating potatoes in the century before last, a wave of peasant riots took place in the Perm Region . Although currently there are no such prohibitions.

Studying the phenomena of material and spiritual culture, culturology reveals its regularities.