The Salair ridge. Map of Russia - Altai Territory. Salair ridge, Novosibirsk region

The Salair ridge is a part of the South Siberia region, a low elevation. Is a spur of the Kuznetsk Alatau. The ridge begins in the area of the river. Nenia, in her upper reaches. Further it descends in a northwest direction between the rivers Chumysh and Kondoma, flows along the water flow of the Ob. The length of the Salair ridge is about 300 km. The hill ends with small Bugotak hillocks. In the territorially-administrative relation the log is located in Russia within three areas: Kemerovo, Novosibirsk and Altai Krai. Southern Siberia, the map of which is presented in the article, is an unforgettable place!

Name

The name comes from the once-flowing Sairair River on these lands. In translation from the Turkic "Sair" - stony channel, "ayr" - rivulet.

Relief

Salair by its external features reminds of a more hilly elevation than a mountain ridge. The fact is that most of it has been plowed for a long time already. In addition, along the ridge pass gently sloping valleys.

In fact, Salair is an ancient mountain. The lower section of the ridge is represented by the Hercynian folding. Further, the metamorphic rocks of the three eras of the Devonian period are located in equal bands . By this time, also belong to the volcanic formations that are here. The uppermost layer of the ridge is represented by clayey rocks of the Pliocene age.

The Salair ridge has a rugged surface, gullies and ravines are seen. This feature Salair gave a powerful force of weathering and erosion.

According to the nature of the relief of the ridge, two regions can be distinguished, which are particularly contrasting: they are the Salair Plateau and the Kuznetsk Prisalairie. The last area of this area is represented by a sharp slope in the northeast of the hill. The steep wall rises to 120 m and has a sharp slope. The western slopes of the Salair ridge are gentle, evenly descending to the foot of the Altai valley. A feature of the relief are rock caves, funnels, dry logs. They were formed due to erosion processes that dominated the territory of such a natural object as the Salair ridge for a long time.

Novosibirsk Region, Kemerovo and Altai Territories - this mountain range belongs to these parts of Russia. It has many summits of low height. The average reach about 400 m. The highest point is the city of Kivda (618 m). Approximate height of the hills are located side by side. These are the Shaggy, Fir and Gold Mountain, as well as the town of Kopna and Belukha.

Wealth edge

A long period of formation of the elevation influenced the location of large deposits of various minerals here. Mentioned about the people of arimasnov, who lived in Siberia and "stealing gold from eagles", are still found in Herodotus. In the area of Salair ridge there are gold deposits - gold-bearing placers. Gold is extracted in almost all rivers, which originate from the mountain chain. Famous gold crafts of this region are Khristinsky, Ural, Yegoryevsky, Mungai and Kasminsky.

Breeds

Great importance in the region has deposits of hard coal. Several years ago, the Bachatskoye and Kolchuginskoye fields were discovered and actively used. Also, new deposits are discovered, although they are not yet equipped for production. These are the Elbash, Izylgon and Vyzhik deposits.

The region is rich in polymetallic ores. Iron species are represented by red and brown iron ore. There are small inclusions of copper ores. Active mining of metals is being carried out in the fields. In Salair there are also silver ores. Deposits of silver can be found in the northeast. In small quantities there are deposits of nickel, mercury, bauxite and quartzite.

Salair ridge is a place where rocks are extracted, which are actively used in construction. These are sandstones, limestones gray and white, volcanic tuffs, diorites, clay and peat.

Rivers

Despite the fact that the height of the Salair ridge is small, several rivers originate on its peaks, which run along both the eastern and western slopes. Departing from the mountains, these streams flow into larger rivers - Inu, Berdi and Chumysh. The waters of the mountain range have a significant influence on the degree of water content in these streams. Also Salair ridge (the map is in the article) is of great importance in the formation of climate in this territory. The fact is that the elevation is located meridionally, so it prevents the passage of air masses deep into the continent. Humidity in the mountains is much higher than in the lower reaches. The rivers flowing here have gently sloping banks, often spill. There are landslides and steep banks everywhere.

Flora and fauna

Salair ridge has rich vegetation. It is represented by coniferous and mixed forests. There are areas of aspen, birch groves, fir thickets, pine forests (Guryevsky, Vaganovsky, Krasninsky). In the forests there are a lot of berries, mushrooms, rare plants - Altai windmill, holatka, Kandyk, lumbago, many unique primroses. Sometimes there are areas of vegetation, characteristic of such a natural zone as the taiga. Aborigines call these places niello. Such a nickname of the forest was received because of its thick cover, through which the light does not pass. It's always gloomy, the fog rolls, a lot of bushes, lichens and mosses, very often bears. In addition to brown representatives in the forests live lynx, fox, wolf, Siberian roe deer, elk, weasel, badger.

Climate and infrastructure

The climate in these places is cool. Because of frequent rains the air is always very wet. People do not live on the Salair ridge and in its environs. There is also no permanent traffic. Only at the foot of the ridge in the estuaries of the rivers are small villages. The local people welcome travelers, conduct excursions along ecological paths.

The climatic map of Russia (Altai Territory on it, too) actually displays all the belts in which the territory is located. And one of the unusual places is Salair. It must be visited without fail! This is an amazing place, where there is something to admire and photograph for memory. Many tourists, coming here, return more than once to refresh their impressions.