The project documentation includes ... Preparation and composition of project documentation

The implementation of construction projects requires the development of special documentation, according to which the work of specialists should be carried out. Its structure, as well as the procedure for approval are determined by legislation - at the level of federal normative acts. The main element of the corresponding set of sources is the project documentation. In some cases, it can be supplemented by working, as well as technical conditions. What are the features of the development of project documentation in construction? What are the main sources of law governing its use?

What is the project documentation?

Under the project documentation (or design estimates) is understood as a set of sources, which can include both textual and graphic materials intended for determining the lists of architectural, technological, constructive, and engineering solutions used in the implementation of the construction project.

Depending on the complexity of the tasks that the firm faces, the structure of the relevant documentation may vary. From its composition depends on what specific experts will be involved in the development of these sources.

The role of project documentation in construction

Actually, what is the design and estimate documentation for? Its main role is primarily in regulating the process of implementing a construction project. In addition, the preparation of relevant documentation is a requirement of legislation. Without it, you can not accept the constructed property in operation. Similarly, design and estimate documentation is needed for reconstruction or re-planning of buildings and structures.

Thus, the sources in question are needed both from the point of view of the requirements of the legislation and for the implementation of the work itself as an objectively necessary source of data enabling the construction of a building or structure that meets the established quality criteria and within the limits of costs determined by the project participants.

The system of project documentation is a set of sources, in fact, reflecting the overall understanding by the customer and developer of the project concept, as well as establishing the order of uninterrupted and prompt supply of various elements of the construction infrastructure. The important role of the sources in question predetermines the need to attract the most qualified specialists to their development, as well as adherence to special algorithms.

So, the relevant work should be carried out only by those organizations that have permits for work related to the preparation of the documentation in question. Let's consider in more detail who can implement it.

Who designs the project documentation?

To create the design and estimate documentation can actually the developer himself or a competent person who is involved by him or the customer. Sometimes physical persons under the contract. For example, it can be an experienced engineer.

The person who is responsible for the preparation of the documentation in question also coordinates the work required to create the relevant sources. In addition, it is responsible for the quality of the documentation, as well as its compliance with technical regulations. The preparation of project documentation may in some cases be accompanied by the delegation of a number of developer functions to other persons who have the necessary competence.

The customer submits to the developer a number of relevant sources:

- a town-planning plan for the site or a project for the planning of the area to be used as part of the construction project;

- a document reflecting the results of engineering surveys or, if they are not ready, an assignment for their implementation;

- technical conditions, if the provision of the functioning of the construction site requires technological connection.

Let us consider what requirements exist for the composition of the sections of the relevant documentation, which is used in the framework of construction projects, in solving problems of reconstruction and overhaul of various buildings and structures.

Requirements for the structure of project documentation

The main source of law, which prescribes the requirements for the project documentation of the object - the Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation. It also says that the requirements for the sources under consideration are established by the government of the Russian Federation. In practice, the composition of the sections of project documentation intended for construction, reconstruction and overhauling is determined mainly in Government Decree No. 87 adopted on 16.02.2008. In addition, the criteria established by this source of law in many cases correlate with the provisions of the Town Planning Code.

Norms contained in Resolution No. 87 apply if the preparation of project documentation is carried out in respect of facilities that:

- have a production purpose;

- characterized by non-productive designation;

- are linear.

Let us now consider how the Resolution No. 87 defines, in fact, the composition of the project documentation. Compliance with these requirements is a key condition for the successful development of these sources.

Structure of project documentation

In accordance with Resolution No. 87, well-designed project documentation includes 12 sections. In their structure there are:

- Explanatory note;

- section with the layout of the land plot;

- a document reflecting the list of architectural solutions;

- section on constructive, as well as space-planning construction solutions;

- a document reflecting information on the engineering infrastructure, supply networks, lists of technical measures, the content of various technological solutions;

- section explaining the essence of the construction project;

- a document reflecting the essence of the project for the organization of those works related to the demolition of capital construction objects , if this procedure is required;

- a section that provides a list of activities related to environmental protection;

- section on activities aimed at providing access for people with disabilities;

- a document reflecting a list of activities that are aimed at improving the energy efficiency of facilities;

- estimates reflecting data on capital construction projects;

- other documents, the inclusion of which in the design and estimate documentation is required by law.

It can be noted that the section reflecting the information on the engineering infrastructure includes several subsections, namely the sources that disclose data on the systems: power supply, water supply, water disposal, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, gas supply, communications.

Also, in the structure of the section under consideration, there should be a subsection giving information about technological solutions. It is worth noting that in accordance with the Urban Development Code correctly composed project documentation includes sections presented in a slightly different structure. In particular, it assumes the inclusion in the considered sources of a section reflecting information on ensuring the required level of safe operation of construction projects, which, in turn, is not provided for in Resolution No. 87.

In the event that the project documentation requires the inclusion of other sections that are not identified as mandatory elements in the legislation, their list is fixed in agreements between the developer of the relevant sources and the customer. It can be noted that some of those sections of the documentation, which are defined by law, must be included in it only if the construction project is implemented at the expense of budgetary organizations. Their specific list is given in Resolution No. 87.

Can the project documentation be prepared for individual stages of the construction project implementation? Documentation, the project, described in it, can indeed be considered in the context of specific periods of implementation of the construction plan. In this case, the need to develop a separate group of sources for each stage is recorded in the project creation task. At the same time, this procedure is subject to justification by special calculations that confirm the feasibility of implementing certain design solutions in the framework of the construction project for the stages.

In addition, the documentation used in specific construction periods is developed at an established level. Its structure from the point of view of the main elements, as well as the presence of sections, must meet the requirements set forth in Resolution No. 87.

Assignment of working documentation

So, we considered that the qualitatively prepared project documentation includes, as well as its main features. However, in practice, this set of sources for the regulation of construction works, as a rule, is also supplemented by another type of documentation - the working one. It will be useful to study its features.

It can be noted that Regulation No. 87 clearly does not regulate the order in which the working component of the sources for the project implementation should be developed. The relevant legal act establishes that it, like the project documentation, includes both textual and graphic documents. For example, drawings, various specifications.

In principle, the design and working documentation can be created simultaneously. The composition and structure of the second in the general case are determined by the customer or the builder, depending on the details of the solutions given in the project documentation. The corresponding parameters can be fixed in the task directed to the developer of the considered sources.

The main elements of the working documentation are drawings, specifications and other documents supplementing them. On their basis, the implementation of those decisions that are provided for by the project is carried out.

Technical specifications as part of the construction documentation

The next most important type of source that can complement the project documentation is the technical conditions. It will be useful to consider their specifics. To some extent, the application of technical conditions is also regulated by Resolution No. 87. Thus, the relevant legal act states that they are developed and approved if:

- the execution of project documentation requires a larger list of requirements reflecting the reliability and safety of structures, relative to the list established by regulatory enactments;

- the relevant requirements are not defined in regulatory enactments.

Technical conditions should be developed in accordance with the procedure established in the legislation. In practice, it is determined by the competent department - the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation in coordination with other federal bodies of the Russian Federation.

Thus, the project documentation includes working documentation in cases provided for by law, and also in the presence of certain agreements between the customer and the developer of the relevant sources. In a number of cases, it is supplemented by technical conditions, which are also created in the manner determined by the legislator.

Structure of project documentation for Resolution No. 87

In accordance with the provisions of Resolution No. 87, the preparation of project documentation involves the inclusion of text and graphic elements in it. The first should reflect:

- information about the construction site;

- descriptions of various solutions, in particular technical ones;

- explanations, necessary references to normative and other sources, which are used in the preparation of documentation;

- calculations that justify the decisions made in the development of the project.

The graphical part of the project documentation clearly shows the relevant solutions. For this, you can use:

- blueprints;

- graphic schemes;

- plans;

- other necessary documents, presented in a graphic form.

Preparation of project documentation for the acquisition of both types of elements, both textual and graphic, should be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the state secrets legislation by the organization that performs the relevant work . The way in which certain elements of the documents in question are to be drawn up is regulated by the norms established by the Ministry of Construction and Housing of the Russian Federation.

Documentation expertise

So, we have considered that the design and estimate documentation includes, in accordance with what norms of law is drawn up. It will also be useful to study one of the most important aspects of its application - conducting state expertise of these sources.

The procedure under consideration is carried out with the aim of creating construction objects in accordance with the requirements of legislation in various fields, including those aimed at ensuring the guarantee of observance of the rights of citizens and organizations in various legal relationships. The design and estimate documentation must be examined in accordance with the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, as well as Federal Law No. 337, adopted on November 28, 2011. The relevant procedure is carried out by the competent state authorities.

However, when preparing for it, a construction company can apply to the services of private structures that can support the examination in question. What is the essence of this service?

Maintenance of state expertise of construction documentation

Support for the examination of project documentation includes most often:

- conduct of non-state expertise in accordance with the criteria generally consistent with those that are governed by competent departments;

- Audit of specific sections of documentation to identify shortcomings in them, determine the degree of compliance with the established requirements of legislation;

- preparation of the necessary materials for the purpose of transferring documents to the state body that is conducting the examination.

Many firms also offer their customers advisory support directly in the period of their interaction with departments that conduct state expertise of documentation. Experts recommend contacting companies that are ready to carry out both legal and organizational, and consulting support for the procedure for the development of project documentation. In all these aspects, the assistance of experienced specialists can be useful for an enterprise implementing a construction project.