The mountains of Austria: names, height. Geography of Austria

The mountainous part of Austria is amazingly beautiful. It is distinguished by the abundance of fresh fresh water, concentrated not only in glaciers and rivers, but also in numerous azure alpine lakes.

About this fabulously beautiful country, about what mountains are located in Austria, what they are remarkable, you can find out by reading this article.

In Austria, there are many amazing places, stunning with its unimaginable beauty. Especially it concerns its numerous mountains. Below you will see the most remarkable of the peaks attracting the attention of a huge number of tourists and travelers from all over the world.

A little about Austria

Before we learn the name of the mountains in Austria, we will find out their peculiarities, we will consider information about the general geographical position of this state.

Austria is located in Central Europe. Its area is 83 859 square meters. Km, including natural reservoirs occupy about 1 120 square meters. Km, and mountains - almost 70% of the total territory.

It borders Austria with Switzerland and Liechtenstein in the western part; In the north with Germany and the Czech Republic; In the east with Hungary and Slovakia; In the south with Italy and Slovenia. The total length of the border is 2,563 kilometers.

The magnificent natural landscapes of Austria fascinate tourists and travelers. And an important role in this play the mountains, among which is the highest mountain in Austria called Grossglockner (its height is 3,798 meters above sea level).

In more detail, we will describe some of the most remarkable vertices.

Mountains of Austria: general information

According to the map, made on the basis of satellite imagery, one-fourth of the territory of the state is occupied by folded-blocky young ridges of the Eastern Alps, merging into sublatitudinal chains. The zone of the mountains is axial with the relief of the mountain-glacial form rising in the west to an altitude of 3,500 meters (Grossglockner - 3798 m), and in the east a little lower - up to 2,400 meters. The boundary of the snow cover is on average located at an altitude of 2800 meters.

Some peaks of Austria have glaciers (for example, Pasternz, whose length is a total of 9 km). The southern and northern axial chains of the Eastern Alps are surrounded by lower ridges, which are characterized by great slope of slopes, dismemberment and strong development of karsts. In the north along the Alps, the flysch lowlands prevail along the periphery.

Within Austria, the Eastern Alps are characterized mainly by large valleys (the rivers Enns, Saltskh, Inn, etc.), and the eastern foothills are represented by basins (Klagenfurt, Graz, etc.).

In the eastern part of the state territory there is a hilly Styrian-Burgenland plain (part of the Sredne Dunaiskaya plain), descending to the Vienna basin. In the northern and eastern parts are the hilly lowlands of Waldviertel, Murphyertel, Weinfirtel, and others. Between them and the Eastern Alps lies a flat strip with tiers of Danube terraces.

Pass and mountain Gerlospass

The mountains of Austria are absolutely all magnificent, but one of the most important sights of Salzburg is Gerlospass. From the height of the huge mountain (1500 meters) offers a magnificent view of the national park of the city.

This is a great place to relax. Here you can visit a small cozy restaurant. And you can stay in it right in the open air, combining a meal with an overview of the picturesque Austrian landscapes. You can use the cable car, built in 2010.

Among the locals in these places, walking around the neighborhood on bicycles is especially popular. After a walk on the mountain - a great benefit from the amazingly clean air and a kind of training (endurance test).

Mount Kapuzinerberg

The mountains of Austria contain a lot of interesting historical facts. The exception is not the given vertex. It rises to 640 meters above sea level and is located on the eastern bank of the river. Salzach. Opposite the mountain is the Salzburg Museum.

In addition, at the top of the hill is the Catholic Monastery of the Order of the Capuchins, built in the XVI-XVII centuries on the orders of Wolf Dietrich von Reitenau (bishop). It still works.

To visit tourists, only the monastery church is opened, where the services are regularly held. It is noteworthy that the monks left the monastery only in 1938 on the orders of A. Hitler, who wanted to build a stadium on this site, but his plans did not materialize. Since 1945, life in the monastery has flowed in the usual channel.

On the hill Kapuzinerberg there are other equally interesting historical sites: the dilapidated fortress wall (now it has a restaurant); The house in which Stefan Zweig lived in the 1930s, and so on.

Mönchsberg

Mönchsberg, like the other mountains of Austria, has a small height of 540 meters. This is one of the 5 peaks located in Salzburg. It separates the modern part of the city from the old (the left bank of the Saltsah River).

The mountain is covered with forest on one side, on the other it hangs with its rocky side over the road itself. This is one of the most popular places for walking among the townspeople, the more it is possible to climb for any person (the elevator operates). It offers a stunning panorama of the city. It should be noted that the tunnel, pierced in the rock as far back as 1767, is one of the oldest in Europe.

And on Mencsberg there are several interesting buildings: a small castle Johanneschoss (part of the monastery of the XIV century); A small castle of the Marketplace Shelf (in the Middle Ages there were barracks, now a training center); Schloss Menchstein (formerly the building of the University of Salzburg, now the hotel); Museum of Modern Art (in work since 2004). Thanks to not only natural beauty, but also similar historical sights, Austria attracts attention.

Mount Großglockner

The highest in Austria is Großglockner, a mountain that rises to 3,798 meters above sea level. Sea and located between Tyrol and Carinthia. At its foot lies the largest glacier Pasternse, whose length is 9 kilometers.

To this amazingly beautiful place is the no less remarkable panoramic road Großglockner Hochalpenstrasse. It was opened in 1935. Since then, the highest mountain in Austria is accessible to many tourists who want to visit it.

Curious about her and the history of construction.

The economic crisis after the First World War and the growth of national conflicts led to the destruction of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Austria at that time lost the Czech Republic, Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Slovenia and so on. The result was inflation, the loss of international markets, a drop in a quarter of production.

Then, a high-altitude road was designed, which was supposed to give jobs to the numerous unemployed and ensure the state's income from the fare for it.

A little bit about vegetation

Austria, the mountains, the Alps are inseparable. The Alps are considered a forest region.

The result of peculiar natural conditions and rather profound changes of these conditions under the influence of man is today the surprisingly variegated vegetation of these places. Especially the lower belt (up to about 1000 meters) is quite diverse both in the plant world and in its climate. The conditions of this part of the Alps are close to the conditions of the plains adjacent to it. The southern part is under the influence of the Mediterranean, in connection with which there are subtropical species of vegetation.

The western part includes oak, beech and chestnut forests (on the slopes), the northern part includes mixed forests on podzolic soils, and the eastern part represents the forest-steppe. This is the most populated lower belt, greatly altered its natural vegetation cover, called the cultural belt of the Alps.

Conclusion

An interesting historical basis is the name of the mountains in Austria. Each of them is associated with some specific historical events or well-known names.

The Austrian Alps are fabulously beautiful with magnificent flower meadows, green forests and blue glaciers and snow. In the hottest months of summer, especially the rapid melting of mountain snows begins here, which contributes to the occurrence of large floods. Thanks to them on the Danube, the water surface sometimes rises to 8-9 meters.