The image of landlords in the poem "Dead Souls" (table). Characteristics of landowners in the poem N.V. Gogol

In this article, we describe the image of the landowners created by Gogol in the poem Dead Souls. The table compiled by us will help to remember the information. We consistently tell you about the five heroes represented by the author in this work.

The image of the landlords in the poem "Dead Souls" by NV Gogol is briefly described in the following table.

Image of the landlords Gogol

In the work of Nikolai Vasilievich, one of the main issues is the topic of the landlord class in Russia, as well as the ruling class (nobility), its role in the life of society and its fate.

The main method used by Gogol in depicting various characters is satire. In the heroes created by his pen, the process of gradual degeneration of the landlord class was reflected. Nikolai Vasilyevich reveals flaws and defects. Gogol's satire is colored with irony, which helped this writer expressly say that it was impossible to speak openly in censorship conditions. At the same time, Nikolai Vasilyevich's laugh seems to us good-natured, but he does not spare anyone. Each phrase has a subtext, a hidden, profound meaning. Irony in general is a characteristic element of Gogol's satire. It is present not only in the speech of the author himself, but also in the speech of the heroes.

Irony is one of the essential features of Gogol's poetics, gives greater realism to the narrative, becomes a means of analyzing the surrounding reality.

Compositional construction of the poem

Images of landowners in the poem "Dead Souls", the largest work of this author, are given most multifaceted and complete. It is built as a story of the adventures of the official Chichikov, who buys "dead souls". About different villages and the hosts that lived in them allowed to tell the author the composition of the poem. Almost half of the first volume (five of the eleven chapters) is devoted to characterizing the different types of landlords in Russia. Nikolai Vasilievich created five portraits, not similar to each other, but in each of them at the same time are features that are typical for the Russian serf. Acquaintance with them begins with Manilov and ends with Plyushkin. Such a construction is not accidental. There is a logic in this sequence: the process of impoverishment of a person's personality deepens from one image to another, it is increasingly unfolding as a terrible picture of the collapse of feudal society.

Acquaintance with Manilov

Manilov is the first person to represent the image of landlords in the poem Dead Souls. The table only briefly describes it. Let us introduce you to this hero. The character of Manilov, which is described in the first chapter, manifests itself in the name itself. The story of this hero begins with the image of the village of Manilovka, few able to "lure" its location. The author describes with irony the master's yard, created as an imitation of an English garden with a pond, bushes and the inscription "Temple of Solitary Reflection". External details help the writer create an image of landowners in the poem "Dead Souls".

Manilov: the character of the hero

The author, speaking of Manilov, exclaims that only one God knows what kind of character this man had. By nature, he is kind, courteous, polite, but this takes in his image ugly, exaggerated forms. This landlord is sentimental and beautiful to the point of being sugary. Festive and idyllic it seems to him the relationship between people. Different relationships, in general, is one of the details that create the image of landlords in the poem "Dead Souls". Manilov did not know life at all, reality was replaced by an empty fantasy. This hero loved to dream and ponder, sometimes even with useful things for the peasants. However, his ideas were far from the needs of life. He did not know about the real needs of serfs and did not even think about them. Manilov considers himself a bearer of culture. He was considered an educated man in the army. Nikolai Vasilyevich ironically speaks about the house of this landowner, in which there is always "something missing", as well as about his sweet relations with his wife.

Chichikov's conversation with Manilov about the purchase of dead souls

Manilov in the episode of a conversation about the purchase of dead souls is compared with an overly clever minister. Gogol's irony here invades, as it were, inadvertently in the forbidden region. Such a comparison means that the minister is not so different from Manilov, and "manilovism" is a typical phenomenon of a vulgar bureaucratic world.

Box

We will describe yet another image of the landlords in the poem Dead Souls. The table has already briefly introduced you to Korobochka. We learn about it in the third chapter of the poem. Gogol attributes this heroine to the number of small landlords who complain of losses and crop failures and always keep their heads on their heads, while picking up little dimes in small bags placed in the chest of drawers. These money are obtained by selling a wide variety of subsistence products. The interests and horizons of the Box are completely focused on her estate. Her whole life and economy are patriarchal.

How did Korobochka react to Chichikov's proposal?

The landlord realized that trafficking in dead souls was beneficial, and agreed to sell them after much persuasion. The author, describing the image of landlords in the poem "Dead Souls" (Box and other heroes), is ironic. For a long time it can not understand the "cudgel", what exactly is required of it, which frees Chichikov out of himself. After that, she traded with him for a long time, afraid to guess.

Nozdryov

In the image of Nozdryov in the fifth chapter, Gogol paints a completely different form of decomposition of the nobility. This hero - a man that is called, "all-rounder". There was something remote in his face, direct, open. Characteristic for him is also the "breadth of nature". According to Nikolai Vasilievich's ironic remark, Nozdrev is a "historical man", since at no meeting he managed to visit never happened without stories. He loses a lot of money in his cards with a light heart, plays a simpleton at the fair and immediately "pushes" everything. This hero is an unthinkable liar and a reckless braggart, a real master of "pouring bullets." He behaves defiantly everywhere, if not aggressively. The speech of this character abounds in abusive words, he has a passion "to shit his neighbor." Gogol in the image of Nozdrev created a new socio-psychological type of so-called nozdryvka in Russian literature. In many ways innovative is the image of landlords in the poem "Dead Souls". A short description of the following characters is described below.

Sobakevich

More accusatory character becomes the author's satire in the image of Sobakevich, with whom we are acquainted in the fifth chapter. This character is similar to the previous landlords. This is a tight-knit cunning tradesman, a "landowner-fist." He is alien to the wild extravagance of Nozdryov, the dreamy complacency of Manilov, and also the storage of Korobochka. Sobakevich has an iron grip, he is taciturn, on his mind. There are few people who could deceive him. Everything of this landlord is strong and strong. In all the objects of everyday life surrounding him, Gogol finds a reflection of the characteristics of this person's character. Everything is surprisingly reminiscent of the hero himself in his house. Each thing, as the author notes, seemed to say that she is "also Sobakevich."

Nikolai Vasilyevich depicts a figure that strikes with rudeness. This person seemed to Chichikov like a bear. Sobakevich is a cynic who is not ashamed of any other moral deformity. He is far from enlightenment. This is a stubborn serf, who only cares for his own peasants. It is interesting that, in addition to this hero, no one understood the true essence of the "scoundrel" Chichikov, and Sobakevich understood perfectly and the essence of the proposal, reflecting the spirit of the times: everything can be sold and bought, it should be maximized. This is the generalized image of the landowners in the poem Dead Souls. The summary of the work, however, is not limited to depicting only these characters. We present to you the next landowner.

Plyushkin

To Plyushkin the sixth chapter is devoted. On it, the characteristics of the landowners in the poem "Dead Souls" are coming to an end. The name of this hero became a nominal, denoting moral degradation and stinginess. This image is the last degeneracy of the landlord class. Gogol begins acquaintance with the character, as usual, with a description of the manor and the landowner's village. At the same time, "special dilapidation" was noticeable on all buildings. Nikolai Vasilievich describes the picture of the ruin of a once-wealthy serf. His reason is not idleness and dishonesty, but the painful stinginess of the owner. Gogol calls this landowner "a fault on humanity." The external appearance of it is typical - it is a sexless creature that resembles a housekeeper. The character of this laughter no longer causes, only bitter disappointment.

Conclusion

The image of the landowners in the poem "Dead Souls" (the table is presented above) is revealed by the author in many ways. The five characters that Gogol created in the work depict the versatile state of this class. Plyushkin, Sobakevich, Nozdrev, Korobochka, Manilov - different forms of one phenomenon - spiritual, social and economic decline. Characteristics of the landowners in Gogol's poem "Dead Souls" prove this.