The grammatical basis of the sentence

In the center of the links of the words of each sentence are words that create a grammatical basis (predicative), in fact this is the main distinctive feature of the sentence as a syntactic unit. That is, the grammatical basis is the organizing center, the original frame, the skeletons or the so-called main members of the sentence-the predicate and the subject. The main them are called knowingly, since they are grammatically independent of other members, occupy the dominant position in the sentence. The predicate and the subject mutually assume each other. So, the subject calls the subject of speech. And the predicate this subject of speech asserts, denies, characterizes by action, feature, time, reality, etc.

Usually the main members of the proposal form an obligatory part of it. One of them is enough for the proposal to be grammatically and in terms of a formalized unit. Quite often there are sentences where there is only a grammatical basis. Examples: The sun is shining. Children play. Such proposals are called non-widespread, because Do not have any secondary members of the proposal. If the proposal includes other members of the proposal (secondary), then such a sentence is called widespread, for example: Children play in the street .

In addition, the grammatical basis of the sentence can consist of both the subject and the predicate (two-part sentences), and only from one of the main members (one-part sentences), for example: Our children are our joy (two-part). Autumn . I love autumn (one-part).

Also, depending on the number of grammatical bases, sentences are classified as simple and complex. If the sentence has in its composition one grammatical basis, then this is a simple sentence, two or more bases are complex. For example: There are torrential rains (a simple sentence). Very soon snow will fall , and this winter will begin (a complex proposal).

Syntactic analysis necessarily begins with the definition of the grammatical basis. For its correct definition it is necessary to be able to find its components - the subject and the predicate. To do this, you need to know what parts of speech can express the grammatical basis.

So, the subject is expressed:

• In the noun: It will snow soon.
• In the adjective: New requires a lot of knowledge.
• Communion: The speaker is often mistaken.
• The infinitive: To live is to feel.
• Unchangeable parts of speech (interjection, adverb, preposition, particle, union): To us tomorrow enters light and radiant.
• Phrase: My friend and I went fishing.

The predicate is expressed by:

• Verb: The weather is fine.
• Noun: Moscow is the capital of Russia.
• Adjective: I love the poems of Russian heat.
• Adjective in a comparative degree: Every day separation for me is longer than a year.
• Adverb: Everything is fine with us.
• Communion: Our family is involved in science.
• Stable phrase (phraseology): My health - not a spouse, well, well.

In addition, pay special attention to the correctness of the definition of the compound nominal predicate, which consists of the verb-ligament and the nominal part ( He will soon become an astronaut ) and the compound verbal predicate, which also consists of two parts: the auxiliary verb and the infinitive ( you must go to the meeting ) .

It should be noted that the correct definition of grammatical bases helps to avoid mistakes in the arrangement of punctuation marks. So, in a complex sentence punctuation marks, indicating the boundaries of simple sentences, are included in their composition. The ability to determine the subject and the predicate will help to correctly place punctuation marks in a simple sentence, if both main terms of the sentence are expressed by the same parts of speech, and in some other cases.