The capital of the Kamchatka Territory is Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Description of the city, climate, time

Russia is rich in unique places. One of them is the capital of the Kamchatka Territory. And the history, location, and surrounding nature of this city are unusual and interesting, which makes this place a source of pride for the population and the object of lust among tourists. We will tell about the peculiarities of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, its climate, its structure and sights.

Geographical location of the city

In the north-east of Russia is located one of the most amazing regions of the country - Kamchatka. The capital of the Kamchatka Territory is located in the Avacha Bay of the Pacific Ocean, which is connected to it by a narrow strait. The city covers an area of 360 square meters. Km. Its relief is complex, with large differences in altitude. The lowest point is Avachinskaya Bay (0-5 m above sea level), and the highest point is Mount Rakova (513 m above sea level).

The whole city is located on the hills, so the roads consist of only rises and descents. There are several streams on the territory, the rivers Krutobereg and Taenka, there are lakes. Therefore, there are no difficulties with providing residents with water. The city is located in one of the most earthquake-prone zones of the earth. Small earthquakes happen here very often. Large, devastating disasters are rare, but the population is always ready for them.

The city is located at a distance of almost 12,000 kilometers from Moscow, therefore all residents of the European part of the country are always interested in the question, how much time in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, when in the capital, say, 9 am? The time difference with Moscow is 9 hours. Therefore, when the capital of 9 am, on Kamchatka is already 18 pm.

Climate and ecology

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is in the immediate vicinity of the Pacific Ocean. This fact forms the climate of the locality: it is a moderate marine monsoon. The location determines the specificity of the local weather: it is a cool and fairly dry summer, a mild, prolonged winter. The region is characterized by a high amount of precipitation - about 1200 mm per year. The wettest months are October and November, the least rainfall happens in June.

In the region there is year-round weather instability, susceptibility to strong cyclones. Summer begins in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in June and lasts until the end of August. But the capital and the cities of the Kamchatka Territory are experiencing an acute shortage of heat. Despite the fact that the region is on the same latitude with Moscow and Tambov, the air temperature here rarely rises above 17 degrees in summer. True, in this period there is little rain. And this makes summer comfortable.

Winter begins in the region in November and ends in April. At this time, the greatest amount of precipitation falls. The average temperature in January is minus 7 degrees. But snow with rain and piercing winds make this weather very unpleasant. The best time of year in the city is autumn. In September, a dry, sunny weather without winds is usually established. But in the region everything is relatively safe from the point of view of ecology. There is no harmful industry. The main source of pollution is a man and a car. But since both are not very much, the air and water in Kamchatka are completely clean.

History of settlement

The capital of the Kamchatka Territory was created by the pioneers of the region in the early 18th century. Prior to this, the local population, Kamchadals and Chukchi, lived here. In the middle of the 17th century Russian Cossacks got here and announced the annexation of lands to the Russian Empire. But for another four decades only small jails were built here. This went on until Ivan Elagin went to these places to study these territories. He, still going to the expedition, looked at the bay, as the most convenient place for parking ships. Elagin made measurements of the depth off the coast and confirmed its navigation.

In 1740 an expedition headed by V. Bering and A. Chirkov arrived on ships that gave the name to the new settlement. At first it was called Petropavlovsk. But, in addition to a small jail and name, nothing else appeared in this place for another 70 years. During these years, several expeditions arrived here, but no inhabitants were added. In the early 19th century, Catherine the Great issued a decree on the development of local lands and the creation of a city called Petropavlovskaya harbor. From this moment the development of the settlement begins.

The British and the French claimed the new lands. Local Cossacks had to keep a stern defense. Later, the city once again had to defend its independence, fighting off the Japanese during the Second World War. Since the 30s of the 20th century the region is actively developing. The city is growing, there are shipyards and necessary infrastructure for life. But the living conditions here have always remained harsh. During the Soviet era, several educational institutions, mainly of maritime profile, are opened here.

Features of the city

The main specific feature of the settlement is its remoteness from the "big earth". Despite the fact that the city with other regions of the country connects the airport "Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky" and the highway, the cost of tickets for the flight makes this locality for many inaccessible. This leads to the fact that there are few visitors in the village, most often from tourists here are representatives of Japan and China. Therefore, the city is poorly prepared to receive an influx of guests.

The first question asked by visitors is: how long does Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky have in comparison with Moscow, Novosibirsk, and so on? Then they begin to look for a familiar tourist service. And they are surprised to find that they can not find anything at all. Another feature of life in the capital of Kamchatka is the rather high prices in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. All products are delivered here from afar. This explains their high cost.

Administrative division

Initially, a small city did not have any division into districts. But in Soviet times the settlement was artificially divided into three districts. This innovation did not take root, and later the division was canceled. Today the city consists of microdistricts, according to which people are oriented in space.

The main streets of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky are Sovetskaya and Karl Marx Avenue. Around them are grouped many significant objects of the city. But as a whole the settlement has the big extent that at times makes a problem for inhabitants who need to reach any remote places. The population density is 500 people per square meter. Km.

Population

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky today has 180 thousand people. After perestroika, the city is going through hard times. If in 1991 there lived 273,000 people, today the number of townspeople is reduced by at least 1,000 each year. Despite a moderate increase in the birth rate and a decrease in mortality, it is not possible to stop the decline in the number of inhabitants. People leave the city because of poor quality of life and a decline in economic performance. The indigenous population of the region - the Kamchadals - is also gradually declining. Today there are just over 100 people in the city.

Economy

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - the economic center of the Kamchatka Territory. Here administrative authority is concentrated, several educational institutions work. The main income of the city is brought by fish processing enterprises. But with the advent of modern fishing and processing companies in other settlements of the region, the importance of this industry in the capital is falling.

The authorities are betting on the mining industry. Companies in the extraction of gold, nickel, silver, platinum are opening in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. However, the city has a high level of unemployment. Despite the fact that the official figure does not exceed 2%, in reality there are much more unemployed people. The average unemployed person in the city is a man of 37 years with a higher education. And the main vacancies are associated with seasonal fishing and processing activities.

sights

The capital of the Kamchatka Territory can not boast of any special architectural and historical sights. The main monuments are associated with the pioneers of Kamchatka. In general, the city is not very beautiful. It is additionally disfigured sheets of iron, which residents are warming the facades of their homes. Metal rusts and creates a sense of abandonment and dying.

The main attraction of the region is nature. These are active volcanoes, geysers, beautiful landscapes, the ocean. The landscape is almost untouched. Tourists are invited to national parks and reserves to see spawning salmon and hunting bears on them, flowering wild rosemary, the tranquility of autumn landscapes. Also, guests are offered to go skiing: within the city there are several good trails.

Infrastructure of the city

The city gives the impression of a little abandoned and abandoned settlement. And the reason for this is the aging infrastructure of Soviet times, bad roads. The only modernized place is the airport. Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is under repair and under construction. Residents are in constant expectation of an earthquake. Therefore, there is very little private construction here, and the state does not have enough funds to subsidize the city. In Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky there is an acute shortage of good hotels. The best places to stay are outside the city.