Sytny market, St. Petersburg: description and interesting facts

Petersburg shines with architecture and secrets. Historical places in the city can not be counted - pompous palaces keep secrets of coups and amorous passions. Prospects and streets remember how the carriages raced along the paving stones or cars broke through the ice of Ladoga Lake, taking away the children from the blockade, and then Victory came along the same roads. There are places in St. Petersburg, the historical name and purpose of which have never changed - these are markets. One of them is the Sytny market.

How did the

At the request of Peter I for the construction of St. Petersburg "working people" were taken from all over Russia. They settled in a heap, according to nationalities, religion or fellow-countrymen. So, for Kronverkom Petropavlovka, next to the Goat Marsh, there was the Tatar Sloboda, where Tatars, Kazakhs, Turks and other nationalities practicing Islam lived. Houses, in the Russian sense, were not, but urts were everywhere. The infrastructure was supplemented by a bazaar where they sold not food, but finished food.

They sold it closer to the evening, when the people were pulling themselves after work to the house. Bold trade was conducted from pavilions, trays, taverns and peddlers. Petersburg was built, but many of its builders settled down and stayed in the village. Now in place of the yurts, Tatarsky lane is laid and the Cathedral Mosque stands. Initially, the Tatar market was located in Troitskaya Square, but after the fire of 1711 it was moved to the outskirts, where it was fixed.

Where did the name come from

How did they call the St. Petersburg Stock Market? Initially, he wore a cacophonous, but the exact name - Obzhorny, in the people simply called Obzhorkoy. The market was selling delicious fresh food, which not only Tatars and Kazakhs bought with pleasure, but all the St. Petersburg people, boyars, merchants and the new aristocracy, which often appeared thanks to the "social elevator" and the light hand of the king. After approval at a new location, the market acquired a new name over time.

The interpretation of the title "Sour market" has a mythological and logical origin. According to St. Petersburg myths, the market was often visited by the first governor of St. Petersburg, Prince Alexander Menshikov, sincerely fond of pies with rabbit hair. By personally buying from the merchants delicacy, he ate them immediately, while saying: "How satisfying!"

A logical explanation of the name has several options. According to one of them, it appeared due to the trade "full" - water sweetened with honey. According to the second version, flour was sold on the trading floor, previously sifting it through sieves, which were sold immediately. There is one more explanation - in the trading rows the chintz was traded, from which the first name appeared - "Sity market", the old-timers still use this name. One way or another, over time, the familiar name for the contemporaries "Sytnyi" got accustomed and became the official name of the very first St. Petersburg market.

Do not trade a single

Almost 150 years, the Sytny market served as a place of public executions, and everything began during the reign of Anna Ioanovna, who gave the honor to execute and pardon her favorite Biron. Performing executions in a public place became a tactic of intimidation, they were made indicative. Each time a new scaffold was built, which was then burned, often together with the executed one.

The executions were conducted as demonstrative, and almost imperceptible. One of the most dramatic sentences Sytny market saw on the day of the execution of AP Volynsky and his associates (June 27, 1740). The reason for the arrest and subsequent reprisal was a conspiracy, which pursued the restriction of the monarch's power, the removal of foreigners from state posts and the nomination of Russian guardians for the Russian state to the leadership posts. According to Volynsky and his comrades, the rule of Anna Ioanovna was ruining the country, and German proteges tore apart the economy, plunging the state and people into poverty and dependence.

The violence was cruel. Volynsky was executed by cutting off his tongue, hands and head, his daughters were sent to monasteries for monastic vows, and his son was sent to Siberia in order to be sent to soldiers from Kamchatka at the age of 15. All property was written off to the royal favorites. Together with Volynsky, Khrushchov and Yeropkin were executed. Simonov, Musin-Pushkin were exiled to mines in Siberia, and Eichler was sent to the Solovetsky Monastery.

The memory of the executed was preserved there, where there used to be a cemetery of Sampsonievsky Cathedral, and then they broke the park. The obelisk of 1885 and now is in safety, on it the names of the dead are carved. The last civil execution on the frontal site of the Sith market took place on December 14, 1861. On that day, Mikhail Illarionovich Mikhailov was condemned, who dared to call upon the youth to revolution and overthrow the monarchy, did without a massacre. The verdict was announced at five in the morning, the sword was broken over the head of the prisoner and sent to serve the sentence in the Siberian mines.

19th century

The hearty market lost its frontal place and part of its territory in connection with the arrangement of the Alexander Park. The place of announcement and execution of sentences does not remind anything. Now here, approximately on the same place, the Music Hall and the theater "The Baltic House" are located.

Petersburg side at the turn of the 19-20 centuries was an unprestigious place and was populated mostly by poor people, was built spontaneously, because of what more looked like a slum.

Here vices flourished, and more recently, in 2014, in the former territory of the market were found common graves, the foundation of the Lutheran church dating back to the 18th century, the study of the finds continues. A new life, at the end of the 19th century, the Steady Market (St. Petersburg) was received along with the construction of the Troitsky Bridge.

20th century

After the construction of the longest, at that time, bridge over the Neva, the Petersburg side became a fashionable place for the intelligentsia and the aristocracy. For a dozen years, numerous stone residential and public buildings were built, creating a unique architectural image of the Silver Age. Petersburg Sturdy market received a new building in the very beginning of the 20th century. Architectural Marian Lyalevich and Marian Peretyatkovich gave aristocratic polish in the modernist style to the building.

The new market building was opened in 1913. But to develop in full force, all the trade infrastructure was not destined. The First World War came, food stalls were scarce. The revolutionary ideology, and with it poverty, brought a card system of distribution of products, which continued until the mid-1930s. Market Sitny was closed immediately after the 17th year. The reopening took place only in 1936, when the card system was canceled.

Modernity

Today the market is demanding reconstruction and restoration. According to the new urban requirements, its area should be at least two hectares, but the historic building does not threaten closure. In 2014, the building of the Sytinsky market was added to the register of architectural monuments, which became a protection letter. Now over the building there will be no superstructures, and under the foundation do not prophesy another parking lot.

Inside the building, almost everything was preserved intact: the railing of the upper gallery is still elegant, the light from the south side still gives additional lighting. All traces of "European repair" are easily dismantled, but the process is still in the planning stage.

In 2010, the Sytny market celebrated its 300th anniversary. It still remains one of the largest markets on the Petrograd side. In addition to food, in the ranks you can buy household trivia, clothes, animal feed and almost everything you need for home and family.

Helpful information

The total area of the trading floor of the Saty market is almost 2600 square meters. Meters, where there are 524 outlets, the annual sale of products is about 12 thousand tons. Trade is conducted daily from 08:00 am to 19:00 pm. Once a month, a sanitary day is held, it falls on the last Sunday of every month.

Always happy buyers Steady market. The address is: Sytninskaya Square, building 3-5. Nearest metro station: Gorkovskaya.