Starter KAMAZ: description, device, types and reviews

What drives the engine, it needs to be started. For this purpose, a starter is provided in the vehicle. KamAZ Euro-3 is also equipped with them. The mechanism is of different types. Well, let's look at how the KamAZ starter works, how it works and what its technical characteristics are.

Varieties

There are several types of these mechanisms:

• Reductor.
• Direct-drive.

KamAZ starter belongs to the first type of devices. This mechanism is the most powerful, because here the transmission of torque from the anchor to the gear is carried out by a reducer. Such starters have not only high power, but also a good starting point. They also have a long service life. These kinds of starters are used on 90 percent of modern cars.

As for gearless elements, they operate as follows. After the voltage is applied to the electromagnetic switch, the bendix gear moves and engages the flywheel. The current comes to an anchor. The rotation occurs. The gears with the shaft are combined with the free-wheel clutch. After successful engine start, this connection is attenuated. The current supply stops and the gear returns to its original position. Due to low efficiency and low maintainability, gearless elements are practically not used in the automotive industry.

Device

Structurally, the KamAZ starter is an electric motor with a traction relay and a mechanical drive. This mechanism is installed on the crankcase of the flywheel (located on the left side of the engine). It is fixed on three bolts with studs.

The mechanism is based on a 4-pole motor with series excitation. Also in the design of the starter are the following elements:

• Drive shaft.
• Anchor.
• Rear and front cover.
• Collector.
• The brush assembly.
• Retractor relay of KamAZ starter.
• Excitation winding.

All this is combined into a metal case. Externally, the starter of KamAZ looks as shown in the photo below.

The body is made of mild steel. It serves as a magnetic core, where the cores are fastened. The case is closed with covers. The rear hides the brush assembly. Front - drive mechanism. The exciting winding is divided into parallel branches, in which series-connected coils are used. As a winding copper wire with a rectangular cross-section is used. One of its ends is connected to positive brushes, and the second - to the isolated terminal of the case.

All coils are impregnated with a special varnish and are additionally braided with cotton tape. The turns are insulated with cable paper.

Anchor

As for the anchor, it includes the following elements:

• Shaft with a corrector.
• Winding.
• Core.

The latter is made of sheets of electrical steel. The collector is designed to maintain a constant torque. Winding - wave type. In the slots, the core is laid with 2 wires.

And their turns are isolated from the core. The end of the wires is placed in the slot of the copper plate of the collector and soldered.

Brushes

This node provides voltage to the collector plates. The brushes are a dielectric holder with metal inserts. The latter are inside the brushes. Contacts are welded to the pole plates by spot welding. This element is the tail part of the field winding. Brushes themselves are made of lead, copper and graphite alloy. Additionally, tin is added to the formulation. This alloy prevents the voltage drop in the winding and reduces the wear of the collector.

How does it work

After turning the ignition key, the voltage goes to the auxiliary (PC-530) starter relay. KamAZ remains standing still. After the voltage exceeds the 8V bar, a traction relay is activated.

The mechanism forcibly connects the drive gear to the flywheel ring gear. Also at this time, the starter power contacts are closed. The anchor begins to spin. The torque is transmitted to the flywheel. After the engine has started, the gear automatically goes out of gear.

Specifications

The KamAZ trucks are equipped with a Star-142b starter. It has the following characteristics:

• The voltage is 24 Volts.
• The rated power is 7.7 kW or 10.5 hp.
• The voltage for switching on the retractor relay is 8 Volts.
• The pressure of the brush springs is 2 kgf.
• The height of the brushes is 19-20 millimeters.
• The current strength is 130 amperes.
• Turning the anchor at idle speed - 5,5 thousand per minute.

Starter (KamAZ): price

The market offers a lot of new and restored starters.

What is the price for the starter (KamAZ)? The device of St-142b brand can be purchased at a price of 4.5 to 13 thousand rubles.

Malfunctions and repair of a starter

KamAZ is a very repairable truck. If malfunctions occur, you can repair the malfunction yourself. Consider the typical problems with a Star-142b starter:

1. When the ignition is switched on, the device does not fire. In this case, it is necessary to check the winding of the traction relay. There may be a short circuit or an open circuit. Depending on the nature of the failure, it is necessary to replace the retractor. Also, the cause of breakages can be the absence of contact between brushes and the collector. In this case, check the pressure of the brush springs. If it is less than 1.8 kgf, the element is changed to a new one.
2. The traction relay does not work. It is necessary to check the winding of the additional relay and verify the integrity of the retractor winding. Also check the reliability of the contact in the circuit and all connections.
3. When the starter is switched on, the characteristic clicks of the additional relay appear. The drive gear jams on the flywheel crown. Probably, the reason is hidden in the incorrectly configured moment of closing the contacts of the traction relay. How to fix this? The gap is set between the pinion and the thrust washer. Next, check the operation of the mechanism. If the symptoms recur, the end portion of the starter motor or the teeth of the flywheel ring may have been clogged. You can troubleshoot in several ways. The first is to restore the teeth with the help of surfacing. The second is to replace the crown of the flywheel or the drive gear. The third method involves cleaning the irregularities on the teeth.
4. During operation, the arm rotates, but does not interact with the flywheel. The crankshaft does not scroll. In this situation, it is required to check the integrity of the flywheel teeth as well as the drive gear. Also, the starter is re-adjusted.

Conclusion

So, we found out what the starter of KamAZ is like, which has technical characteristics and malfunctions. As you can see, this is a very complicated mechanism. In the event of malfunctions (or simply symptoms), urgent repairs are required. Otherwise, you will not be able to start the engine.