Psychological rehabilitation: types, methods

Psychological rehabilitation is required for every person after a serious trauma, attack or loss of habitual physical abilities. It is not easy to get used to living in new conditions without the ability to talk, walk, see or other normal body functions. Doctors have effective methods of helping affected people, restoring the social level of interaction with the surrounding world.

Appointment of methodologies

Psychological rehabilitation helps society to return to the social life of healthy children after accidents, trauma or stress. Full health is not limited to proper functioning of the body. Morale affects the recovery process.

Psychological rehabilitation helps society to exclude the future aggressive behavior of the patient, which can lead even to a crime. Children's consequences can be deplorable: loss of a craving for life and inability to independently return to the social environment. Often there are complications after the loss of limb function, psychological discomfort is formed before others.

Psychological rehabilitation is aimed at solving the following problems:

• Return of the state of mind to the normal.
• Search for treatment options that facilitate rehabilitation of victims.
• Doctors help the victim find inner harmony with himself, remove the contradictions and accept the event as inevitable.
• Assistance in the interaction of the victim with social groups.

The goals of all methods are aimed at normalizing the child's psychological health and social behavior.

Classification

Psychological rehabilitation is divided into 3 types of assistance in different areas:

• Medical. At the heart of the help lies the preparation of patients for operations, the restoration of the psyche after trauma, the overcoming of pain. Preservation of personality after disability.
• Professional. More often, the preservation and restoration of lost skills is conducted in adults. But for children, exercise is combined with psychological methods to restore the letter, exhausted movements of the hands, legs after traumatizing the body.
• Social. Loss of body functionality entails psychological discomfort. To facilitate the recovery period, psychological rehabilitation of children is carried out in the conditions of the group. An important component of assistance is the adaptation of the person who suffers to perform the functions of the body in a wheelchair, the study of ways to overcome curbs and other obstacles.

The Center for Psychological Rehabilitation creates the conditions under which a person is placed in an environment of positive emotions. This approach allows unobtrusive mastering of methods of interaction with the surrounding world.

Preventive work with patients

Socio-psychological rehabilitation of children can be used before the onset of severe conditions, when the child already receives a negative "imprint" after an unsuccessful operation. Therefore, before it is carried out, it is advisable to prepare the psyche for a certain result. If it is already clear that he will become an invalid, they begin to create in his mind the image of a successful person even with the loss of partial functionality of the body.

A wheelchair should not be a sentence for a child. There are many examples of people with disabilities who have become athletes, leaders or scientists. The child must accept his new state without worry.

Objectives of methods when working with a child

Socio-psychological rehabilitation is aimed at achieving the following conditions:

• Determining the state of the psyche of patients, a quantitative assessment of the disorder.
• Hospitalization of children in severe cases, when constant monitoring is required and there is a high risk of complications.
• Full recovery of lost psychological capabilities.
• The choice of a way to correct the child's consciousness, increase his self-esteem.
• Preparation for the operation, new sensations after its completion.
• Assistance in the study of meaningful social actions with the lost abilities of the child.
• Rapid involvement of the patient in daily duties, working out the weakened motor functions of the body.

As a result, doctors try to get a healthy child with a strengthened nervous system, so that future unaccustomed conditions do not lead to inner feelings. The principle "warned - means armed" works.

Principles for implementing assistance

Psychological rehabilitation of disabled people is based on a number of principles. The first is the urgency of care, the semantic content of which consists in the timely provision of psychological relief after shock, severe stress or feelings. A couple of minutes of therapy relieves future declines in the patient's nervous system for a long time.

Pedagogical and medical psychological help is different. Rehabilitation of patients can be carried out in a complex way: simultaneous preparation of psychological consciousness and getting rid of centers of physical stress using drugs. In the case of injuries to children associated with violence, additional measures are taken: the state of life in the family, the behavior in society, are corrected by creating positive images. In some cases, the child has to be protected not only psychologically, but also legally.

Involving in society

Social and pedagogical rehabilitation is required for the development of an active life position of the child. Overcoming requires the closure of consciousness from an unfavorable confluence of circumstances. The patient needs to return the idea of himself, to direct his strength to a positive attitude. Collective therapy is not always successful, but it helps children to determine their place in a social group.

Group classes among children of the same age help to remove the complexities, remove distrust in therapeutic methods. The injured child often develops an aggression towards people resembling a person who caused harm. Social adaptation is aimed at giving the patient a different opinion: people are not all alike with external similarity.

What do they do in the clinic?

Rehabilitation of the child begins with the creation of a favorable environment. Conditions should not coincide with the situation during an accident, injury. Specialists try to provide options for realizing the child's possibilities: drawing, teaching school subjects, games and more. He is given a role in a group of children.

It is self-determined with their position, the child can overcome emotional experiences and show will. An effective technique of help is skazkoterapiya, where each player chooses his favorite hero. Due to interaction with others in the positive spirit, the following goals are achieved:

• Reduces the aggressiveness of the child.
• Overcome the feeling of fear of the surrounding world.
• Disappear barriers that prevent communication between children with disabilities.
• The potential for creative work is growing.
• The child's fantasies are realized, after which the real life does not seem gloomy.

Individual programs

For each child a certain set of methods is selected according to its capabilities, interests and physical data. Systematization of the process shortens the time for the rehabilitation of the psyche. The time spent in the clinic is determined after taking into account the views of the parents. The rehabilitation center can take the baby to the hospital if necessary.

The close people of the disabled child should also be trained so that everyone can help him if necessary. It will be necessary to master methods of using technical means, as well as providing emergency assistance in case of deterioration of the victim's well-being. Medicamental help is needed to reduce tension in the nervous system due to the injured part of the body. Relief of well-being can be realized by using anesthetics, antidepressants.