Specialization is the face of the state

Each of us already in the final year of the school, thinking about further education, gets acquainted with the notion of the specialty and learns that specialization is a form of division of labor that involves in-depth study of a certain sphere of human knowledge and further activity in the chosen specific sphere. Any division of labor leads to specialization. This was assimilated by people back in antiquity. And on conveyer tracks for the first time put on medieval manufactories.

Industries of international specialization

However, this concept extends not only to individual people, but also much
Wider. Specialization is a very broad concept, affecting whole regions of individual countries and the entire world production. Thus, the fertile black-earth regions in the south of Russia predetermine the relatively successful development of agriculture in these areas. That is, the natural conditions of the region stimulate the development of a certain type of activity of its production. In larger, planetary scales, even more vivid examples can be seen. Thus, the low price of labor and the loyal attitude of political authorities in some East Asian countries contributed to the placement by Western corporations of their production plants in these territories. What has transformed countries like China and Vietnam into mass suppliers of cheap goods. For the countries of the Middle East, the leading branch of international specialization for today is the extraction, processing and export of oil and oil derivatives abroad. And only this activity of the last decades has raised the standard of living of the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait to such heights, bringing fabulous incomes to their budget. On the other hand, the specific natural conditions and traditional skills of the people allowed Brazil not only to become the largest supplier of coffee in the world, but also to reorient its production forces specifically to the production and export of this product. Proceeding from this, regional specialization is a natural differentiation of production branches between different regions and deepening by each region of work in profitable sectors. As we see, these processes often determine the appearance of entire states in the perception of the rest of the world.

Production specialization

At the same time, this process occurs not only in a purely regional plane. Thus, the development of the sciences and modes of production leads to a differentiation of this very production. Production specialization is the division of production into separate stages in the manufacture of the final product. Production specialization can be of the following types:

A) Subject - when production focuses on one type of product.

B) Understanding - accordingly, the production of strictly defined details.

B) Technological - when some stages of manufacturing are reproduced.

D) Auxiliary specialization is often an addition to the production, like the repair of spare parts.

E) Intersectoral, focused on the manufacture of the same type of parts for a large number of different products.

Not everything is as complicated as it seems.