Demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow: addresses, plan

In any of the major cities there is a problem of wear and tear of morally and physically obsolete housing stock with the simultaneous commissioning of modern new buildings. The capital of our country in this regard does not apply to exceptions. With the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow, which have come to an old state, the authorities are trying to solve the problem of housing depreciation.

"Khrushchev" is out of date?

To the pain of all the familiar five-story "Khrushchev" for decades adorned the city's landscapes of the capital. They were built in the middle of the last century and seized huge territories.

A distinctive feature of this housing - small rooms, thin walls without proper sound insulation and combined bathrooms. These parameters are no longer quoted today. Moreover, they are officially recognized as unsuitable for life, implying a minimum level of comfort.

It is for this reason that the problem of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow is ripe. The beginning of this epic was laid back in 1998, and the final stage is expected to be completed in the next two years.

What is the "Housing" program?

Under this name is known adopted at the end of the last century, the municipal Moscow program, whose task is to demolish obsolete houses and provide the former owners with a new modern living space. This program was launched in 2011.

In connection with the huge number of Khrushchev at that time had to plan the work for a long enough period of time. In the official list of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow, concerning emergency and dilapidated housing, there were originally 1,722 houses. The dates of construction of each of them - the period between 1955 and 1969 years.

The last stage of the program

At present, less than a tenth of the mentioned amount is left alive. The final stage of the program for the plan is for the period 2017-2018. During this time, the last five or six dozen ill-fated "Khrushchevs" will be demolished.

The main places where the five-story buildings are to be demolished in Moscow are ZAO, SAO, South-Western Administrative District, VAO, SZAO. The majority is located on the streets of the north-western autonomous region. Addresses of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow for the next two years are already known. You can familiarize with them on the official website of the program.

The event is financed mainly by the state, but the participation of private sponsors is also traced. The number of objects to be worked on at the last stage of the program (in the next 2 years), includes a number of relatively "fresh" five-story buildings, the years of construction - from 1960 to 1975.

Reconstruction is unprofitable

They do not have any differences in their design with the above, but due to the later commissioning time, the status of emergency homes is not yet threatened. More recently, the authorities planned to exploit such buildings further.

Moreover, a rather exotic project on the construction of additional upper floors in such houses was seriously discussed. But in reality, the plans had to be adjusted. The project did not find support from residents and showed its full financial and material and technical inconsistency.

The cost of such a major reconstruction, according to the calculations of specialists, was approximately the same as the cost of demolishing obsolete housing and erecting a new house. Demolition of the "unbearable" five-story buildings in Moscow was still approved. In addition to the "Khrushchev", the list of houses to be completed by the end of 2018 included residential buildings with a height of 1-4 floors, which also received emergency status.

On wave building

In terms of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow, it is envisaged that the bulk of the work for the completion of the last period (2017-2018) will be for the current year 2017. In the next, all additional work on the implementation of the program is to be completed.

The immediate demolition of houses is only part of the above program. The main task, much more costly and serious in its content, is the resettlement of former residents from the buildings of a dilapidated and emergency fund to the conditions of new comfortable apartments. In this regard, we should mention the concept of the so-called wave building - the way through which a costly and labor-consuming resettlement procedure is planned.

The plan of demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow - the stages of the procedure

This option is considered optimal as a solution to the problem of relocation. It consists of a number of stages, which are as follows:

1. First, a new house is being built.
2. Then tenants of five-story buildings planned for demolition are populated in it.
3. The next stage - the deserted emergency (dilapidated) housing is under demolition.
4. A new building is being built on the vacated territory.

When constructing new residential areas, it is necessary to provide all the required infrastructure. It is, first of all, about children's institutions (schools in kindergartens), then - about medical and other important infrastructure facilities. Around the constructed houses there should be places for car parking, and all necessary communications are provided.

Opinion of the people

Practice shows that the wave building method has proven itself in the best possible way. Its application meets the interests of both construction companies and those people who are to be resettled. At the same time, there are cases of people's dissatisfaction with the reforms carried out in connection with a variety of reasons.

In such a case, a public discussion is envisaged with the citizens' opportunity to voice their accumulated claims and resolve the conflicts that have arisen. The actively expressed arguments of the dissatisfied, supported by reasonable arguments, in a number of cases led to quite serious changes in the original draft.

To demolish or repair?

And yet, what was the basis for the decision taken by the authorities to launch the program? The plan for the demolition of five-story buildings in Moscow was developed on the basis of data provided by economists concerning the expediency of overhauling such housing. According to the findings of experts, this process seems unprofitable. The estimated costs of repairing obsolete morally and physically five-story buildings will not give the expected result.

The very layout of this kind of housing, coupled with the material and design features, does not allow us to talk about the possibility of establishing in their walls a fundamentally new level of comfort for those living in them. Specialists pointed out that one of the reasons for the inadvisability of capital repairs is their layout, in which communications are carried out inside the walls and are practically not replaceable. That is, deciding to overhaul, the authorities somehow had to attend to the issue of resettling residents at least for a while.

Will soon settle all

At the same time, the absolute majority of the objects of this housing stock turned out to be practically unsuitable for any repair and restoration measures. Built over 60 years ago, they were calculated for a period of residence not exceeding 25 or 30 years.

In the released houses, about 1.6 million people still live. Mayor of the capital Sergey Sobyanin announced the decision to complete the last stage of the program within the next two years. Most of the houses were successfully eradicated, residents received new comfortable housing.

Who pays?

The main problem that the developers of the program had to solve was the budget side of the matter. Will the city authorities take this considerable financial burden? Is it possible to attract serious investors to the issue?

In the early stages, the program was implemented mainly through borrowed funds. Now the lion's share of the cost of demolishing the five-story building in Moscow fell on the shoulders of the state. Over 1000 houses from the total number (and more than 1,700 of them) were settled at the expense of the treasury. The mayor of the city reported that about 160,000 Moscow families had the opportunity to change the physically and morally obsolete living space for comfortable new apartments.