Special fire trucks: purpose, technical specifications

Special fire trucks are constantly being improved, this contributes to increasing the efficiency of various tasks. There are many models designed to extinguish fires, it is worth looking into the most common of them.

Rapid Response Transport

The main purpose of such machines is to ensure the delivery of people, rescue and technical equipment to the scene. They are indispensable in the implementation of rescue operations and the elimination of fires in residential buildings. Special fire trucks They are used in a temperate climate with a temperature range from -35 to +45 degrees. Their main components are the following:

• Electrotechnical equipment for work;
• Fire-technical equipment;
• Body;
• chassis;
• Tanks for foam and water.

Also worth noting equipment in the form of special drawers, on which the equipment is located. Fire extinguishing means and equipment for rescue work are located in the body part and fixed by reliable attachment points. On the roof of the transport there is an additional space for equipment.

Equipment, as a rule, consists of the following:

• Overalls for firemen;
• Monolithic barrels;
• Fire hoses and taps;
• Breathing apparatus;
• Hydraulic tools;
• Equipment for foam generation;
• Special pumps;
• Protection of respiratory organs;
• Water-foam weaponry.

Gas-masking machines

Special fire trucks of this type provide the delivery of lighting devices, specialized tools, electrical equipment, systems to ensure the protection of firefighters to the place of emergency. The equipment consists of several functional parts:

• Illuminated sliding mast, equipped with searchlights;
• Control system;
• Electric power tools;
• Fire fighting cab and chassis;
• Specialized devices for work in force-majeure conditions;
• Electrotechnical equipment.

The cockpit with combat calculation and the body in which the equipment is located are installed on the chassis frame. Among the distinctive features, it is worth mentioning the equipment of the opto-acoustic type "South Ural".

Fire trucks with containers

Used to equip fire units with mobile, multifunctional rapid response systems. Special fire trucks are designed to eliminate fires in oil, gas and chemical industries, in multi-storey buildings, archives and museums. The complex is also suitable for rescue operations. Cars of this type are indispensable in emergency situations under conditions of low temperatures and during the elimination of protracted fires.

The chassis is equipped with a special container carrier, which provides a high level of mobility, and a multilift used for delivery, unloading and re-moving to the container base of the required type.

Operation can be carried out at a temperature from +40 to -50 degrees. The package includes several standard containers having installed dimensions and a set of fire extinguishing equipment.

Combined extinguishing transport

Fire rescue vehicles are necessary for the following tasks:

• Supply of liquid from a natural reservoir or existing reservoir;
• Transportation of firefighters, technical equipment and means for eliminating fires;
• Supply of a special powder composition;
• Supply of foam from a tank or tank installed on the chassis.

An integral element is a signaling specialized installation. The transport is in an emergency situation until the fire is completely eliminated. Vacuum equipment provides filling of tanks with foam and water. Fire fighting equipment of the standard type is placed on the roof of the car, in the built-in compartments and in the body itself. Most of the equipment is represented by tools for feeding powder for extinguishing, mechanical foam and water.

Sleeve machines

Fire-fighting vehicles are first and foremost necessary for supplying a large volume of water, while transport can be a considerable distance from the place of ignition. Among the basic functions it is also worth noting the formation of a special solution from foam concentrate and water in the established component ratio.

As materials for manufacturing, metals that are resistant to rust are used. The equipment is represented by the following elements:

• Electronic foam sensor placed on the pump;
• Drainage equipment with ball valve device;
• A line for refueling with a reverse valve;
• An overflow pipe, supplemented with a device to prevent the occurrence of pressure, not corresponding to the established level;
• Breakwaters of longitudinal and transverse shape.

It is possible to operate with any kind of blowing agents. It is supplemented with elements that ensure the filling of the tank, its washing and heating, while the replenishment can be made from a blowing electric pump or an external source. The surface of the container is covered with a heat-insulating compound, its thickness is up to 1 cm.

Tank truck AC-40

The purpose of transport is to deliver special equipment and personnel to the scene of the incident, as well as the means of extinguishing and supplying them to the source of ignition.

On the chassis are installed reservoirs with foaming agent and liquid. To eliminate the localization of fire, fire extinguishing means are used both from water supply systems and from tanks and reservoirs. The body part is distinguished by high anti-corrosion and strength characteristics, light weight due to the use of aluminum sheets. It is worth noting that the new body of the AC-40 is supplemented with hinged footrests, which make it easier to access the equipment located on the upper compartments.

Autoglasses

The staircase ensures work on the upper floors of buildings, quenching fires with mechanical foam or water when supplemented in the form of foam generators and mantles, evacuation of injured and valuable items from high-rise buildings. Also, with folded knees, it is used to transport cargo by crane. Fire ladders are suitable for work in different climatic conditions. The standard temperature range of operation is in the range from +40 to -40 degrees. It is possible to work in an extended temperature range, provided certain rules are observed.

All units and mechanisms are installed on the support frame and platform, which are placed on the chassis. The hydraulic pump drive operates from the power unit of the chassis.

Platform ladder

The platform has a box-shaped construction, solid sheathing and is made of angular steel. Frame side members serve as the basis for a metal frame. The platform consists of several parts - two side, rear and front. In addition, a container is placed to transport the removable equipment. Steps are on the sides of the structure, with the help of special doors provides access to the gas tank and batteries.

The platform is equipped with a supporting front frame located behind the driver's cab. It is fixed in two places: on the frame and spars of the frame. The frame provides support for the front part of the knees, their position is fixed by means of special guides. The vertical movement of the set of knees is prevented by spring locks located on the side guide elements. Lock hook is necessary to keep the knees from pulling out during the movement of the ladder, it is in contact with the supporting front frame. The knee is removed from the hook during removal from the frame, at this time the hook falls under its own weight.

Lifts

Fire engine crankshafts are necessary for high-altitude work in the process of eliminating fire. They are used not only for raising personnel, but also for floodlighting and flooding. The structure consists of the following parts:

• control system;
• Mechanism for turning and lifting;
• Links of the lifting part;
• Support base;
• chassis.

The lift can be controlled from the cab or from the outside of the vehicle via a remote control. The design has in the upper part an installed comb for simultaneous feeding of four barrels or a fire barrel of the type PLS-20. The cradle is equipped with a thermal protection.

Firefighters telescopic car lifts are equipped with safety automatic mechanisms, stopping the movement when the allowable angle of lowering and lifting is exceeded. In comparison with automatic ladders, they are more maneuverable. Today, as a rule, lifting devices of Russian manufacture are used, with a height of 30 and 17 meters. On the car chassis the hydraulic system of the base is placed, it locks the springs and includes supports.