645 ZIL: specifications and photos

With diesel engine 645 ZIL series 4331 became one of the most mass-produced domestic models. More than 1.5 million copies were produced. The machine is characterized by a large load-carrying capacity, good cross-country ability and maintainability. The car is not afraid of hard work, it is used in construction, agriculture and communal sectors. There are modifications designed for the fire service and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Consider the features and characteristics of this truck and the parameters that the motor most often used in this line has.

History of creation

The car with a 645 ZIL engine was designed and built at the Likhachev plant in the seventies of the last century. At that time in the country there was a shortage of productive equipment with high operational parameters, which in many respects affected the layout and capabilities of the new machine.

The designers of the plant jointly with the Kama engineers developed a fundamentally new modification. It is based on one of the models of KamAZ. The truck received improved lighting, a productive power unit and a modern exterior. As a result, a car has turned out, which can rightfully be ranked among the best examples of equipment produced in the Soviet Union.

The first copy was presented in 1977. The modernization of the car continued until 1985. Diesel engine ZIL-645 in series production began in 1987. The car was equipped with an aggregate of 165 horsepower (working on diesel fuel or a combined fuel mixture), a five-speed gearbox for switching speeds of mechanical type. The next version came out already with the transmission for nine synchronized ranges.

Exterior

The exterior design of the car in its shape resembles a rectangle. In the frontal part there is a highly placed original grille. On the sides are sharply separated from the entire body mud flaps. The wheels are set deep, and the bumper, made of durable metal, protrudes forward.

The design of this element covered most of the cabin, serving as protection from accidental damage. The workplace itself has an angular configuration. The truck 645-ZIL received a dumping department, allowing to transport various bulk goods. It was also possible to transport concrete, timber, metal structures.

Main settings

Characteristics of ZIL 645 (4331) in a constructive plan is an improved version of the 130 series with a completely redesigned cabin. At the heart of the machine is a powerful frame made of heavy-duty steel. The driving axle is equipped with a dependent suspension with semi-elliptical sliding springs.

With the suspension assembly, two shock absorbers are also aggregated. The rear similar unit consists of a pair of springs and additional elements. Due to its design features, the vehicle could withstand a load of up to twenty-three tons.

The car is equipped with brakes with two pneumatic circuits. The features of this unit include the combination of the main and parking brake. The additional unit interacts with the leading part of the rear axle by means of accumulators. In addition, the system uses an alcohol filler, which does not allow condensation to freeze in the cold season.

Characteristics of the engine ZIL 645

This power unit is a V-shaped four-stroke diesel engine, which has a volume of 8.75 liters with a nominal power of 185 horsepower. Among other installation parameters, you can note the following:

• The number of cylinders is eight;
• The limiting twisting index - 510 Nanometers;
• Compression - 18,5;
• The cylinder in diameter is one hundred and ten millimeters;
• Type of cooling - liquid system.

The 645 ZIL engine compares favorably with its gasoline counterparts due to its greater productivity and economy.

For the sake of objectivity, the parameters of the options used for other power plants are given below:

1. The four-stroke gasoline "engine" under the index 508.10 is equipped with a carburetor and liquid cooling. Its capacity is 150 horsepower, and the volume is six liters. Powered by AI-76 fuel, the working resource is designed for 350 thousand kilometers.
2. Model 508300 with a capacity of six liters has a capacity of 134 "horse". This petrol carburetor engine is equipped with an electronic injection system, complies with the "Euro 3" standard.

Transmission unit

Engine ZIL 645, the technical characteristics of which are discussed above, could aggregate with two types of transmissions. Most of the modifications produced before 2009 were equipped with a mechanics with nine speed ranges. The unit had synchronization, a planetary demultiplier and a single-disk clutch. Later versions were equipped with a six-speed manual transmission with a single-disk dry grip (manufactured by the Yaroslavl Motor Combine).

Cab and equipment

This part has good isolation from extraneous noise and cold. In the movement, you do not need to strain the vocal cords when communicating. The cabin is equipped with three seats, each of which is equipped with seat belts. A node is mounted on several pairs of shock absorbers, which reduces the level of vibration. The one-piece structure can easily be thrown back if necessary, which provides quick access to the main units.

The technical inner filling is minimal and simple. This includes the main sensors and instruments, without additional functions. Control is facilitated by the hydraulic power steering installed. ZIL 645, photo of which is presented below, is equipped with a basic metal platform with folding sides. The front element is higher than the side parts. In addition, it was possible to mount the frame for the awning. Inexpensive and practical for those times the car quickly gained popularity in the territory of the former USSR. Especially in demand the car was used as an industrial and transportation transport.

Modifications

During the release of the truck in question, more than a dozen modifications were developed. Of particular note are some of them:

• 433100 is a basic version with a 645-m diesel engine;
• 433102 - model with improved chassis;
• 432900 - modification with a diesel engine and a shorter base;
• 433104 - fire truck;
• 433116 - option for export;
• 4332A - the version with the extended base and the motor 645, which was not produced serially;
• Saddle tractors with a base of 3.8 or 3.3 meters;
• Variation with a sleeping cabin.

The car in question was equipped with a universal type of body, which allowed to transport not only bulk goods, but also liquids, as well as hard materials and other devices.

Features

The ZIL 645, the technical characteristics of which depend on the modification, has a load capacity of six to eight tons. On average, the loaded weight of the truck is five and a half thousand kilograms. The wheel formula is observed in the 4 * 2 mode.

The estimated fuel consumption at full load and a speed of 60 km / h varies between 18.5 liters per hundred kilometers. The maximum speed threshold is 95 km / h with single movement or 10 km less in the composition of the road train. The capacity of the fuel tank is 170 liters. The brake distance is 25 meters with full equipment. Truck tires are equipped with all-terrain tread, which facilitates the movement of unstable and complex soils.

Dimensions and weight

The truck has the following parameters:

• Length / width / height - 6.37 / 2.5 / 2.65 meters;
• The distance between the front / rear wheels is 1.93 / 1.85 m;
• Road clearance - 33 centimeters;
• The volume of the cooling system is 26.5 liters;
• Net weight of the platform is 860 kg;
• The mass of the gearbox assembly is 200 kilograms, and the same figure for the cabin is 0.55 tons.

The total weight of the car is about 11.5 tons with full load, which allows to maintain the mode of travel on bridges and other engineering facilities on the roads.

ZIL 645: reviews

As evidenced by the responses of the owners of the truck in question, it is quite practical and useful. Its release was completed in 2004, therefore it is natural that the model is obsolete. Users note the low cost of components, including the engine. They also emphasize the endurance of the car and its good maintainability.

The variant with the 645-m engine is considered one of the most popular specimens in its class. Given that the engine was developed in the early seventies of the last century, we can say that this unit was adequately tested by domestic roads and time. To negative aspects, the owners include the absence of some spare parts in the modern market and high fuel consumption. Despite this, the car remains in demand until now.

At the end of the review

ZIL 645 is the real legend of the Soviet car industry. Now you can buy it only in a second-hand. The prices, depending on the model and state, range from 150-400 thousand rubles. Of course, this truck is unlikely to replace modern domestic or foreign counterparts. However, due to low price and good maintainability, the "veteran" from manufacturers of the Likhachev plant remains in the ranks and is in demand in various fields.