Solenoid valve for water. The device of the electromagnetic valve

The solenoid valve for water is designed to regulate the passage of liquid. The device operates on the electromechanical principle. For the manufacture of the body, stable and versatile, as well as high-strength materials such as foundry iron, brass, and stainless steel are selected. As for membranes and gaskets, they are made of highly elastic polymers. Among other things, the composition can be silicone rubber.

A similar device is installed in the part of the pipeline system to which easy access is provided.

The device of the solenoid valve

The solenoid valve for water is also called solenoid. It has in the main parts of the type of membrane, body, spring, cover, rod, as well as an electric coil, which is a solenoid. The valve cover and body are cast in stainless steel, brass, polymers or cast iron. These devices are designed for operation in a variety of operating environments, temperatures and pressures.

For rods and plungers, magnetic materials are used. Electro coils, which are called solenoids, are manufactured in a dust-proof or hermetic casing. High-quality enamel leads to coil winding. It is made of electrical copper. The connection to the pipeline system can be done using the shale or thread method. A plug is used to connect to the electrical network. Control is performed by applying voltage to the coil.

Leading working positions

If we consider the above described devices for execution, they can be normally closed or normally open. Among the varieties, it is also possible to distinguish bistable valves, which are called impulse valves. The control principle facilitates switching from closed to open position.

Operating principle

The solenoid valve for water can be used under various conditions, this involves the use of direct acting devices, as well as devices that operate at zero differential pressure. On the market you can find indirect valves, which are pilot. They operate only at the lowest differential pressure.

Such devices can be divided into distributing three-way, shut-off and switching valves.

Information about seals and membranes

The solenoid valve for water contains membranes that can be made of elastic polymeric materials. The latter have a special design and chemical composition. Among other things, the most recent silicone rubber compounds, as well as other polymers, are used in the valve design.

Principle of operation of the pilot valve

The solenoid valve for water with your own hands can be installed quickly enough. In the case of a normally closed device, there is no voltage in the static position, while the valve is in the closed state. The piston, which is a locking body, is hermetically pressed, it is located at the seat of the sealing surface. The pilot channel is closed. The pressure in the upper cavity is maintained by means of a by-pass in the membrane.

The valve of this type is in the closed state until the coil is subjected to a voltage. In order for it to open, the voltage must be applied to the coil. Under the influence of the magnetic field, the plunger rises, opening the channel. Due to the fact that the diameter of the channel is much larger than the bypass, the pressure of the upper cavity is reduced. The difference in pressure affects the lifting of the piston or membrane, which helps to open the valve. The solenoid valve of the water supply will remain in the open state until the coil is subjected to a voltage.

The principle of the normally open valve

Such a device operates on the inverse principle: in the static position the device is in the open state, but when the voltage is increased, the valve closes. In order to keep the device closed, the voltage will be applied to the coil long enough. In order for any pilot valves to work correctly, a small differential pressure must be ensured.

Such devices are called valves of indirect action for the reason that, in addition to the supply of voltage, it is necessary to fulfill the condition, which is a differential pressure. Use this device can be for heating systems, water supply, hot water, as well as pneumatic control. The unit is suitable for those conditions where the pressure in the pipeline is present.

Operation of the direct acting valve

The solenoid valve, the circuit of which makes it possible to understand the principle of operation, can have a direct effect. Such a device does not have a pilot channel. In the central part is an elastic membrane, which has a metal ring. Through the spring it is connected to the plunger. When the coil is exposed to a magnetic field, the valve opens, the plunger rises and relieves pressure from the membrane. The latter rises and helps to open the valve. At the moment when the closure occurs, there is no magnetic field, the plunger is lowered and acts on the membrane.

For such an instrument, a minimum differential pressure is not required. The solenoid valve, the photo of which is presented in the article, can be used in systems with pressure, as well as on drainage tanks. The device can be installed in the conditions of storage receivers. Mount this device in places where there is no pressure or is at a minimum level.

Features of the bistable valve

This valve can be in two stable positions: closed and open. The switching is carried out sequentially by the method of feeding a pulse to the coil. Such devices operate exclusively from a direct current source. In order to keep the valve closed or open, no voltage is required. By design, such devices are made as pilot, this indicates the need for a minimum differential pressure.

The electromagnetic solenoid valve is a reliable and functional valve for the pipeline system. If we are talking about special electromagnetic coils, then the resource of their work is very large. Before the failure, the device is able to work until the number of inclusions reaches 1 million. The time that is required for the operation of the magnetic valve can range from 30 to 500 milliseconds. The final figure will depend on pressure, diameter and performance.

Conclusion

The device of the electromagnetic valve was presented above, as well as the principle of its operation. Such devices can be used as a shut-off device for remote control. They are indispensable for safety in the role of shut-off, tripping and switching solenoid valves. These features must be considered before purchasing the valve and its installation under certain conditions.